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Rehabilitation of Jointed Portland Cement Concrete Pavements: SPS-6, Initial Evaluation and Analysis
Publication No. FHWA-RD-01-169
October 2005
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION
Background
Study Objectives
Report Organization
2. SPS-6 EXPERIMENTAL PLAN
Original Design Factorial
Rehabilitation Alternatives
As-Nominated Design Factorial
State Supplemental Sections
Summary
3. ASSESSMENT OF DATA AVAILABILITY AND COMPLETENESS
LTPP Data Availability and Quality Control Checks
General Site Information
Climate
Traffic
Pavement Structure Data
Materials Testing Data
Pavement Monitoring
4. MONITORING FREQUENCY
Data Collection Directives
Monitoring Frequencies As Collected
5. DESIGN VERSUS ACTUAL CONSTRUCTION
Site Climatic Condition
Site Traffic
Construction Age of Original PCC and Rehabilitated Pavement Sections
Pavement Structure
Initial AC Overlay Smoothness
Rehabilitation Treatments
Impact On Experimental Factorial Design
6. STATUS ASSESSMENT OF THE SPS-6 SITES
Alabama
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Michigan
Missouri
Missouri (A)
Oklahoma
Pennsylvania
South Dakota
Tennessee
7. INITIAL PERFORMANCE TRENDS
IRI Performance Trends
Surface Distress Performance Trends
8. SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary
Conclusions
State Expectations
Recommendations
APPENDIX A: DESCRIPTION OF REHABILITATION TECHNIQUES
APPENDIX B: MATERIALS TESTING SUMMARIES
APPENDIX C: INDIVIDUAL SECTION MONITORING ACTIVITIES
REFERENCES
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1. States participating in SPS-6 PCC rehabilitation study
Figure 2. LTPP data collection and data movement flowchart
Figure 3. Profile testing intervals for each site.
Figure 4. Nonfractured FWD testing intervals for each site
Figure 5. Fractured FWD testing intervals for each
Figure 6. Manual distress testing intervals for each site
Figure 7. PASCO testing intervals for each site.
Figure 8. Combined manual distress and PASCO testing intervals for each site.
Figure 9. Faulting testing intervals for each site
Figure 10. Rutting testing intervals for each site.
Figure 11. Friction testing intervals for each site.
Figure 12. Frequency of PCC thickness.
Figure 13. Frequency of 102-mm (4-inch) AC overlays.
Figure 14. Frequency of 203-mm (8 inch) AC overlays
Figure 15. IRI since rehabilitation for all core SPS-6 sections
Figure 16. Change in IRI since rehabilitation for all core SPS-6 sections.
Figure 17. Total transverse cracking for bare PCC pavement sections.
Figure 18. Mean joint faulting for bare PCC sections
Figure 19. Total reflection cracking for nonfractured PCC pavement sections.
Figure 20. Total fatigue cracking for fractured PCC pavement sections.
Figure 21. Average rut depth for fractured PCC pavement sections.
Figure 22. Recommended future analyses for SPS-6 experiment: Site-by-site analyses of SPS-6 projects to gain understanding of the performance of individual test sections (initial stage).
Figure 23. Recommended future analyses for SPS-6 experiment: Study of the effects of experimental factors on the performance of rehabilitated jointed concrete pavement.
Figure 24. Recommended future analyses for SPS-6 experiment: Cost-benefit analyses of rehabilitated jointed concrete pavement.
Figure 25. Recommended future analyses for SPS-6 experiment: Calibration and validation of the transfer functions of rehabilitated jointed concrete pavement.
Figure 26. Recommended future analyses for SPS-6 experiment: Study of the effects of experimental factors on the performance of rehabilitated jointed concrete pavement.
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1. Number of sites required to complete original design factorial
Table 2. Core sections of SPS-6 experiment.
Table 3. SPS-6 pavement sections.
Table 4. Nominated and constructed sites for original design factorial.
Table 5. Types of SPS-6 supplemental experiment sections within each State with nonfractured PCC pavement.
Table 6. Types of SPS-6 supplemental experiment sections within each State with fractured PCC pavement
Table 7. SPS-6 general site information and report availability.
Table 8. SPS-6 site location information.
Table 9. Initial construction and rehabilitation dates for SPS-6 projects.
Table 10. Deassigned SPS-6 sections.
Table 11. Data quality and availability for IMS table CLM_SITE_VWS_LINK.
Table 12. SPS-6 years of key temperature and precipitation data available
Table 13. SPS-6 years of traffic data available.
Table 14. SPS-6 pavement structure QC levels currently in IMS database for TST_L05B.
Table 15. Summary of materials testing for all SPS-6 core pavement sections.
Table 16. Number of SPS-6 core section test dates with IMS data at all levels and level E
Table 17. Percentage of SPS-6 core section monitoring data at level E for each site.
Table 18. Directives that reference LTPP data collection monitoring frequency
Table 19. Testing frequencies for collection of monitoring data
Table 20. Current—as of this report—testing frequencies for collection of monitoring data
Table 21. SPS-6 testing frequency for longitudinal profile.
Table 22. SPS-6 testing frequency for nonfractured deflection testing.
Table 23. SPS-6 testing frequency for fractured deflection testing.
Table 24. SPS-6 testing frequency for manual distress
Table 25. SPS-6 testing frequency for PASCO testing
Table 26. SPS-6 testing frequency for combination of manual distress and PASCO testing
Table 27. SPS-6 testing frequency for faulting
Table 28. SPS-6 testing frequency for transverse profile of rutting
Table 29. SPS-6 testing frequency for friction testing
Table 30. Summary of SPS-6 design versus constructed average annual precipitation
Table 31. Summary of design versus constructed average annual freezing index
Table 32. Average annual ESALs for each SPS-6 site.
Table 33. Designed versus selected age of original PCC
Table 34. IMS material codes and description
Table 35. As-constructed subgrade material type
Table 36. Designed versus constructed base thickness
Table 37. Designed versus constructed PCC thickness.
Table 38. Designed versus constructed AC overlay thickness.
Table 39. PI values (5-mm (0.2-inch) blanking band) immediately after rehabilitation
Table 40. Average IRI values after AC overlay construction.
Table 41. Rehabilitation treatments for SPS-6 test sections.
Table 42. Control section with routine maintenance, no restoration or rehabilitation (***601)
Table 43. Minimum restoration for bare PCC sections (***602)
Table 44. Minimum restoration prior to AC overlay (***603).
Table 45. Minimum restoration prior to AC overlay with saw and seal (***604).
Table 46. Maximum restoration of bare PCC (***605).
Table 47. Maximum restoration prior to AC overlay (***606)
Table 48. Crack/break and seat with 102-mm (4-inch) AC overlay (***607)
Table 49. Crack/break and seat with 203-mm (8-inch) AC overlay (***608).
Table 50. As-built sites as placed in original design factorial.
Table 51. Alabama SPS-6 site summary
Table 52. Design and monitoring requirements for Alabama SPS-6 site.
Table 53. Arizona SPS-6 site summary.
Table 54. Design and monitoring requirements for Arizona SPS-6 site.
Table 55. Arkansas SPS-6 site summary.
Table 56. Design and monitoring requirements for Arkansas SPS-6 site.
Table 57. California SPS-6 site summary
Table 58. Design and monitoring requirements for California SPS-6 site.
Table 59. Illinois SPS-6 site summary
Table 60. Design and monitoring requirements for Illinois SPS-6 site.
Table 61. Indiana SPS-6 site summary.
Table 62. Design and monitoring requirements for Indiana SPS-6 site.
Table 63. Iowa SPS-6 site summary.
Table 64. Design and monitoring requirements for Iowa SPS-6 site.
Table 65. Michigan SPS-6 site summary
Table 66. Design and monitoring requirements for Michigan SPS-6 site.
Table 67. Missouri SPS-6 site summary
Table 68. Design and monitoring requirements for Missouri SPS-6 site.
Table 69. Missouri (A) SPS-6 site summary.
Table 70. Design and monitoring requirements for Missouri (A) SPS-6 site.
Table 71. Oklahoma SPS-6 site summary.
Table 72. Design and monitoring requirements for Oklahoma SPS-6 site.
Table 73. Pennsylvania SPS-6 site summary
Table 74. Design and monitoring requirements for Pennsylvania SPS-6 site.
Table 75. South Dakota SPS-6 site summary.
Table 76. Design and monitoring requirements for South Dakota SPS-6 site.
Table 77. Tennessee SPS-6 site summary.
Table 78. Design and monitoring requirements for Tennessee SPS-6 site.
Table 79. Monitoring activities for each rehabilitation technique
Table 80. Statistical grouping of pavement sections based on IRI performance.
Table 81. As-built sites as placed in original experimental design factorial.
Table 82. Summary of SPS-6 data availability and completeness for key data types.
Table 83. Summary of SPS-6 data availability and completeness assessment for monitoring data.
Table 84. Summary of roughness performance.
Table 85. Summary of distress performance trends for bare PCC pavement.
Table 86. Summary of reflection cracking performance for AC overlays on nonfractured PCC
Table 87. Summary of distress performance trends for AC overlays on fractured PCC pavement.
Table 88. Summary of SPS-6 cracked and seated sections in Indiana.
Table 89. Amount of full-depth repair in sections 290603, 290606, and 290666.
Table 90. Summary of SPS-6 cracked and seated sections in Missouri.
Table 91. Summary of SPS-6 rubblized sections in Missouri.
Table 92. Materials summary for Alabama.
Table 93. Materials summary for Arizona
Table 94. Materials summary for Arkansas
Table 95. Materials summary for California
Table 96. Materials summary for Illinois.
Table 97. Materials summary for Indiana
Table 98. Materials summary for Iowa
Table 99. Materials summary for Michigan.
Table 100. Materials summary for Missouri
Table 101. Materials summary for Missouri (A).
Table 102. Materials summary for Oklahoma.
Table 103. Materials summary for Pennsylvania.
Table 104. Materials summary for South Dakota
Table 105. Materials summary for Tennessee.
Table 106. Summary of visits to LTPP sites
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