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Appendix:
Occupational Matching
Overview
"We conclude that the very purpose of tracking changes in accessibility is to provide feedback on the degree to which resource allocation decisions in the urban transportation field are helping to redress serious inequities in accessibility to jobs, medical facilities, and other important destinations." - Cervero, Rood, and Appleyard (1995) |
Cervero, Rood, and Appleyard (1995) used census transportation planning data to study spatial and temporal trends in job accessibility, with the San Francisco Bay Area serving as a case context. The authors refined a standard measurement of accessibility to include "occupational matching." This approach accounts for the consistency between employed residents' skills and employment roles within specific neighborhoods and labor force occupational characteristics in employment zones.
The authors' use of occupational matching led to significant findings beyond those of an analysis without occupational matching. For example, inner-city neighborhoods tended to score well on job accessibility indices without occupational matching. In contrast, the greatest job opportunity mismatches tended to be found in some of the region's poorest neighborhoods, including a number of inner-city neighborhoods. The highest match effect tended to be in well-to-do residential neighborhoods where median household incomes are well above the regional average.
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