Included as debts are amounts due the U.S. from fees, duties, leases, rents, royalties, services, sales of real or personal property, overpayments, fines, penalties, damages, taxes, interest, forfeitures, and other sources.

Debt Collection: Recovery of amounts due after routine follow-up fails. This activity includes the assessment of the debtor's ability to pay, the exploration of possible alternative arrangements to increase the debtor's ability to repay and other efforts to secure payment.

Deed-in-Lieu of Foreclosure: A voluntary transfer of marketable title to a property to avoid foreclosure.

Default: Failure to meet any obligation or term of a credit agreement, grant, or contract. Often used to refer accounts more than 90 days delinquent.

Deficiency: Portion of a loan which remains outstanding after pledged property has been liquidated (converted to cash) and applied to the outstanding balance.

Delinquency: Failure of the debtor to pay an obligation or debt by the date specified in the agency's initial written notification or applicable contractual agreement, unless other satisfactory payment arrangements have been made by that date. Delinquency would also occur if, at any time thereafter, the debtor fails to satisfy the obligations under payment agreement with the agency.

Design-Build: A procurement or project delivery arrangement whereby a single entity (a contractor with subconsultants, or team of contractors and engineers, often with subconsultants) is entrusted with both design and construction of a project. This contrasts with traditional procurement where one contract is bid for the design phase and then a second contract is bid for the construction phase of the project.

Direct Loan: A disbursement of funds by the Government to a non-Federal borrower under a contract that requires repayment of such funds with or without interest. The term includes the purchase of, or participation in, a loan made by a non-Federal lender. The term also includes the sale of a Government asset on credit terms of more than 90 days duration. The term does not include the acquisition of Federally guaranteed non-Federal loans in satisfaction of default or other guarantee claims or the price-support loans of the Commodity Credit Corporation.

Direct Loan Obligation: A legal or binding agreement by a Federal agency to make a direct loan when specified conditions are fulfilled by the borrower. Acquisitions of federally guaranteed non-Federal loans in satisfaction of default or other guarantee claims are not recorded as direct loan obligations.

Direct Loan Subsidy Cost: Estimated long-term cost to the federal government of direct loans calculated on a present value basis, excluding administrative costs. The cost is the present value of present value of estimated net cash outflows at the time the direct loans are discharged. The discount rate used on the calculation is the average interest rate (yield) on marketable Treasury securities of similar maturity to the loan, applicable to the time when the loans are disbursed.

Discharge: Satisfying a debt as a legal obligation through the performance of the obligation(s) imposed under the debt instrument, such as to pay the debt in full, or through another action such as a compromise.

Discretionary Spending: Outlays controllable through the congressional appropriation process. Such outlays result from the provision of budgetary resources (including appropriations and obligation limitations but excluding mandatory spending authority) in appropriation acts. The Budget Enforcement Act establishes annual spending limitations or caps on discretionary appropriations and resulting outlays.