This report is an archived publication and may contain dated technical, contact, and link information

Federal Highway Administration >
Publications >
Research Publications >
10037 >
Appendixe.Cfm
Step Frequency Ground Penetrating Radar Characterization and Federal Evaluation Tests

Publication Number: FHWA-HRT-10-037
Date: October 2010

Step Frequency Ground Penetrating Radar Characterization and Federal Evaluation Tests

Appendix E: Certified Laboratory Test Report: Follow-up Test

The following certified laboratory test report contains supporting documentation and results of the testing performed for the research initiative in this report. The authors of this current study have not edited or changed the test report in this appendix except to remove more than one instance of company logo within the document and to format the report.

Test report no. :133876/2

Item tested : B1823CH

Type of equipment : 3d-radar Geoscope

Client : 3d-Radar AS

Nemko is granted accreditation by
Norwegian Accreditation under
registration number TEST 033.
FCC test firm registration # 994405

Federal Highway Administration/Department of Transportation

Step Frequency Ground Penetrating Radar

Characterization and federal Compliance Tests

2009-10-27

Authorized by : ..............................................

Geir Antonsen

Technical Verificator

Contents

1. GENERAL INFORMATION

1.1 Testhouse Info
1.2 Client Information
1.3 Manufacturer (if other than client)

2. TEST INFORFMATION

2.1 Tested Item
2.2 Test Environment
2.2.1 Normal test condition
2.3 Test Period
2.4 Standards and Regulations
2.5 Test Engineer(s)
2.6 Additional information
2.6.1 Test Methods
2.6.2 Test Equipment

3. OTHER COMMENTS

3.1 General:
3.2 EUT (Equipment Under Test):
3.3 List of ports:

4. EMISSION MEASUREMENTS

4.1 Outdoor test
4.2 Indoor test

5. TEST EQUIPMENT AND ANCILLARIES USED FOR TESTS

6. PHOTO OF EUT AND TEST SET UP

GENERAL INFORMATION

Testhouse Info

Name: Nemko A/S

Address: Nemko Kjeller
Instituttvn 6, Box 96
N-2027 Kjeller, NORWAY

Telephone: +47 64 84 57 00

Fax: +47 64 84 57 05

E-mail: comlab@nemko.com

FCC test firm registration #: 994405

Number of Pages: 93

Client Information

Name: 3d-Radar AS

Address: KlÂ: buveien 196 B,

N-7037 Trondheim, Norway

Telephone: + 47 72 89 32 02

E-mail egil@3d-radar.com

Contact:

Name: Egil Eide

Phone: + 47 72 89 32 02

E-mail: egil@3d-radar.com

Manufacturer (if other than client)

Name:

Address:

Telephone:

Fax:

Contact:

Name:

Phone:

E-mail:

TEST INFORFMATION

Tested Item

Name :	3d-Radar Geoscope
Model/version :	B1823CH
Serial number :	6052
Hardware identity and/or version:	-
Software identity and/or version :	-
Frequency Range :	140 MHz – 3 GHz
Type of Power Supply :	12 V dc
Desktop Charger :	No

Description of Tested Device(s)

Step frequency Geo Radar.

Test Environment

Normal test condition at the test sites

Temperature:	Outdoor: 10 - 15 ^oC, Indoor: 22,1 - 22,6 ^oC
Relative humidity:	38,2 %
Normal test voltage:	237,3 – 240,0 V ac

The values are the limit registered during the test period.

Test Period

Item received date: 2009-09-10

Test period: 2009-09-10 – 2009-09-11

Standards and Regulations

Federal Highway Administration/Department of Transportation

Step Frequency Ground Penetrating Radar Characterization and Federal compliance Tests

July 2, 2009

Test Engineer(s)

Egil Hauger

Additional information

Test Methods

Described in the relevant basic standards.

Test Equipment

List of used test equipment, see clause 7.

THIS TEST REPORT APPLIES ONLY TO THE ITEM(S) AND CONFIGURATIONS TESTED.

TESTED BY : DATE: 2009-10-20

Test Engineer

Nemko Group authorizes the above named company to reproduce this report provided it is reproduced in its entirety and for use by the company's employees only. Any reproduction of parts of this report requires approval in writing from Nemko Group.

Any use which a third party makes of this report, or any reliance on or decisions to be made based on it, are the responsibility of such third parties. Nemko Group accepts no responsibility for damages suffered by any third party as a result of decisions made or actions based on this report.

OTHER COMMENTS

General:

The outdoor test was performed in rural area with no surroundings reflecting objects, see photo on fig 29 to 31.

The indoor test was performed in a semi-anechoic chamber with dimensions 22 Â' 13 Â' 9,5 meters (l Â' w Â' h m), see photo on fig 32.

EUT (Equipment Under Test):

EUT size 2,5x0,75x0,75 m

See photo fig 30 to 33.

List of ports:

Signal ports: Signal cable

Internal antenna

Power ports: 12 V dc

EMISSION MEASUREMENTS

Outdoor test

Test set up:

The outdoor measurements were performed in rural area with no reflecting objects in the surroundings, see photo on fig 29 to 31. The weather was dry with temperature around 12-15 ^oC. The ground was sand with some smaller stones.

The test equipment was more that 5 m away from the radar.

All tests were stored as data file with frequency and EIRP in dBm.

Effective radiated power was calculated using Friis free space transmission formula with a distance of 3 m. This equals the formula presented in the test specification:

EIRP (dBm) = dBµV/m – 95,2

Test antennas used:

50 – 200 MHz: Biconic antenna

200 – 1000 MHz: Log.periodic antenna

1000 – 6000 MHz: Horn antenna

All antennas were calibrated by National Physical Laboratory NPL UK.

The conversion factors converting the measured values to EIRP in dBm including cables and pre.amplifier were calibrated before the test and stored in the test equipment.

Measurement instruments set up: Resolution bandwidth 1 MHz

Video bandwidth 3 MHz

Sweep time 15 sec

Detector Peak and RMS

All test files with frequency and EIRP are enclosed.

Some of the files with the most interesting frequency spectra are converted to Excel and shown below.

See fig 1 to 13.

Test file notation:
						File no	File no
Test	Config	Freq	Ant	Az	Pol	Peak	RMS
A1	Ambient	50-200 MHz	Bicon	0	V	003	004
A2	No notching	50-200	Bicon	0	V	005	006
A3	Notch A1	50-200	Bicon	0	V	007	008
A4	Notch A2	50-200	Bicon	0	V	009	010
A5	Notch A3	50-200	Bicon	0	V	011	012
A6	Ambient	50-200	Bicon	90	H	002	001
A7	No notching	50-200	Bicon	90	H	019	020
A8	Notch A1	50-200	Bicon	90	H	018	017
A9	Notch A2	50-200	Bicon	90	H	015	016
A10	Notch A3	50-200	Bicon	90	H	014	013
A11	Ambient	200-1000 MHz	Log.per	0	V	032	031
A12	No notching	200-1000	Log.per	0	V	040	039
A13	Notch A1	200-1000	Log.per	0	V	037	038
A14	Notch A2	200-1000	Log.per	0	V	035	036
A15	Notch A3	200-1000	Log.per	0	V	033	034
A16	Ambient	200-1000	Log.per	90	H	021	022
A17	No notching	200-1000	Log.per	90	H	024	023
A18	Notch A1	200-1000	Log.per	90	H	025	026
A19	Notch A2	200-1000	Log.per	90	H	028	027
A20	Notch A3	200-1000	Log.per	90	H	029	030
A21	Ambient	1-6 GHz	Horn	0	V	041	042
A22	No notching	1-6	Horn	0	V	043	044
A23	Notch A1	1-6	Horn	0	V	046	045
A24	Notch A2	1-6	Horn	0	V	047	048
A25	Notch A3	1-6	Horn	0	V	050	049
A26	Ambient	1-6	Horn	90	H	080	079
A27	No notching	1-6	Horn	90	H	078	077
A28	Notch A1	1-6	Horn	90	H	075	076
A29	Notch A2	1-6	Horn	90	H	074	073
A30	Notch A3	1-6	Horn	90	H	071	072
A31	Ambient	1-3	Horn	0	V	059	060
A32	No notching	1-3	Horn	0	V	058	057
A33	Notch A1	1-3	Horn	0	V	055	056
A34	Notch A2	1-3	Horn	0	V	054	053
A35	Notch A3	1-3	Horn	0	V	051	052
A36	Ambient	1-3	Horn	90	H	062	061
A37	No notching	1-3	Horn	90	H	063	064
A38	Notch A1	1-3	Horn	90	H	066	965
A39	Notch A2	1-3	Horn	90	H	067	068
A40	Notch A3	1-3	Horn	90	H	070	069
A41	No notching	1,164-1,240 GHz	Horn	0	V	088	087
A42	No notching	1,559-1,610	Horn	0	V	085	086
A43	No notching	1,165-1,240	Horn	90	H	082	081
A44	No notching	1,559-1610	Horn	90	H	083	084

Figure 1. Graph. Ambient emissions between 50 MHz and 200 MHz are presented corresponding to the outdoor test configuration used for follow-up testing.

Fig 1

Figure 2. Graph. Peak and RMS SF GPR emission measurements are shown for the range from 50 MHz to 200 MHz, (outdoor test configuration). Structured intentional emissions are observed above 140 MHz while no clear pattern in the emissions data is observed below 140 MHz. No notching is implemented for this vertically polarized measurement.

Fig 2

Fig 3

Fig 4

Fig 5

Fig 6

Fig 7

Fig 8

Fig 9

Fig 10

Fig 11

Fig 12

Fig 13

Indoor test

Test set up:

The test is performed in a semi anechoic chamber with a size of 22 Â' 13 Â' 9,5 meters
(l Â' w Â' h).

The EUT was placed on a table with a height of 80 cm. on a turntable. Absorbers with ferrite tiles were placed below the table to prevent reflection from the floor. The receiver antenna height was 2 m, both with horizontal and vertical polarisation with a distance of 3 m to EUT. The EUT was rotated in 30 dgr step from 0 to 180 dgr., see photo on fig 32.

Quasi-Peak measurement with 3 m test distance:

120 kHz BW

Frequency MHz	EUT Az	Polarization HP/VP	Level dBm
50	0	VP	-73,6
60	0	VP	-67,2
60,95	180	VP	-62,2
70	0	VP	-73,9
75	0	VP	-79,3
80	0	VP	-80,9
90	0	VP	-71,5
100	0	VP	-70,8
110	0	VP	-78,5
120	0	VP	-77,6
130	0	VP	-76,9
158	0	VP	-54,7
160	0	VP	-55,3
160	180	VP	-54,8
180	0	VP	-54,9
180	180	VP	-54,5
50	90	HP	-86,5
60	90	HP	-78,3
70	90	HP	-87,2
75	90	HP	-89,1
80	90	HP	-85,9
90	90	HP	-81,7
100	90	HP	-72,3
110	90	HP	-76,5
120	90	HP	-84,7
130	90	HP	-82,7
160	90	HP	-56,4
180	90	HP	-53,8

Sveep measurement:

Test #	Configuration	Frequency Band	Antenna	RBW	VBW	Sweep Time	Az	Pol	Datafile (Peak)	Datafile (RMS)
B1	Ambient	50 MHz - 200 MHz	Biconic	1 MHz	3 MHz	15sec	-	V	100	101
B2	No notching	50 MHz - 200 MHz	Biconic	1 MHz	3 MHz	15sec	0	V	102	103
B3	No notching	50 MHz - 200 MHz	Biconic	1 MHz	3 MHz	15sec	30	V	104	105
B4	No notching	50 MHz - 200 MHz	Biconic	1 MHz	3 MHz	15sec	60	V	106	107
B5	No notching	50 MHz - 200 MHz	Biconic	1 MHz	3 MHz	15sec	90	V	108	109
B6	No notching	50 MHz - 200 MHz	Biconic	1 MHz	3 MHz	15sec	120	V	110	111
B7	No notching	50 MHz - 200 MHz	Biconic	1 MHz	3 MHz	15sec	150	V	112	113
B8	No notching	50 MHz - 200 MHz	Biconic	1 MHz	3 MHz	15sec	180	V	114	115
B9	Ambient	50 MHz - 200 MHz	Biconic	1 MHz	3 MHz	15sec	-	H	130	131
B10	No notching	50 MHz - 200 MHz	Biconic	1 MHz	3 MHz	15sec	0	H	128	129
B11	No notching	50 MHz - 200 MHz	Biconic	1 MHz	3 MHz	15sec	30	H	126	127
B12	No notching	50 MHz - 200 MHz	Biconic	1 MHz	3 MHz	15sec	60	H	125	124
B13	No notching	50 MHz - 200 MHz	Biconic	1 MHz	3 MHz	15sec	90	H	122	123
B14	No notching	50 MHz - 200 MHz	Biconic	1 MHz	3 MHz	15sec	120	H	120	121
B15	No notching	50 MHz - 200 MHz	Biconic	1 MHz	3 MHz	15sec	150	H	118	119
B16	No notching	50 MHz - 200 MHz	Biconic	1 MHz	3 MHz	15sec	180	H	117	116

See fig 14 to 28.

Figure 14. Graph. Ambient emissions between 50 MHz and 200 MHz are presented corresponding to the indoor test configuration used for follow-up testing.

Fig 14

Figure 15. Graph. Peak and RMS SF GPR emission measurements are shown for the range from 50 MHz to 200 MHz, (indoor test configuration, 0-degree orientation). Structured intentional emissions are observed above 140 MHz while no clear pattern in the emissions data is observed below 140 MHz. No notching is implemented for this vertically polarized measurement.

Fig 15

Figure 16. Graph. Peak and RMS SF GPR emission measurements are shown for the range from 50 MHz to 200 MHz, (indoor test configuration, 30-degree orientation). Structured intentional emissions are observed above 140 MHz while no clear pattern in the emissions data is observed below 140 MHz. No notching is implemented for this vertically polarized measurement.

Fig 16

Figure 17. Graph. Peak and RMS SF GPR emission measurements are shown for the range from 50 MHz to 200 MHz, (indoor test configuration, 60-degree orientation). Structured intentional emissions are observed above 140 MHz while no clear pattern in the emissions data is observed below 140 MHz. No notching is implemented for this vertically polarized measurement.

Fig 17

Figure 18. Graph. Peak and RMS SF GPR emission measurements are shown for the range from 50 MHz to 200 MHz, (indoor test configuration, 90-degree orientation). Intentional emissions observed above 140 MHz have less structure than at other orientations, while no clear pattern in the emissions data is observed below 140 MHz. No notching is implemented for this vertically polarized measurement.

Fig 18

Figure 19. Graph. Peak and RMS SF GPR emission measurements are shown for the range from 50 MHz to 200 MHz, (indoor test configuration, 120-degree orientation). Structured intentional emissions are observed above 140 MHz while no clear pattern in the emissions data is observed below 140 MHz. No notching is implemented for this vertically polarized measurement.

Fig 19

Figure 20. Graph. Peak and RMS SF GPR emission measurements are shown for the range from 50 MHz to 200 MHz, (indoor test configuration, 150-degree orientation). Structured intentional emissions are observed above 140 MHz while no clear pattern in the emissions data is observed below 140 MHz. No notching is implemented for this vertically polarized measurement.

Fig 20

Figure 21. Graph. Peak and RMS SF GPR emission measurements are shown for the range from 50 MHz to 200 MHz, (indoor test configuration, 180-degree orientation). Structured intentional emissions are observed above 140 MHz while no clear pattern in the emissions data is observed below 140 MHz. No notching is implemented for this vertically polarized measurement.

Fig 21

Figure 22. Graph. Peak and RMS SF GPR emission measurements are shown for the range from 50 MHz to 200 MHz, (indoor test configuration, 0-degree orientation). Structured intentional emissions are observed above 140 MHz while no clear pattern in the emissions data is observed below 140 MHz. No notching is implemented for this horizontally polarized measurement.

Fig 22

Figure 23. Graph. Peak and RMS SF GPR emission measurements are shown for the range from 50 MHz to 200 MHz, (indoor test configuration, 30-degree orientation). Structured intentional emissions are observed above 140 MHz while no clear pattern in the emissions data is observed below 140 MHz. No notching is implemented for this horizontally polarized measurement.

Fig 23

Figure 24. Graph. Peak and RMS SF GPR emission measurements are shown for the range from 50 MHz to 200 MHz, (indoor test configuration, 60-degree orientation). Structured intentional emissions are observed above 140 MHz while no clear pattern in the emissions data is observed below 140 MHz. No notching is implemented for this horizontally polarized measurement.

Fig 24

Figure 25. Graph. Peak and RMS SF GPR emission measurements are shown for the range from 50 MHz to 200 MHz, (indoor test configuration, 90-degree orientation). Structured intentional emissions are observed above 140 MHz while no clear pattern in the emissions data is observed below 140 MHz. No notching is implemented for this horizontally polarized measurement.

Fig 25

Figure 26. Graph. Peak and RMS SF GPR emission measurements are shown for the range from 50 MHz to 200 MHz, (indoor test configuration, 120-degree orientation). Structured intentional emissions are observed above 140 MHz while no clear pattern in the emissions data is observed below 140 MHz. No notching is implemented for this horizontally polarized measurement.

Fig 26

Figure 27. Graph. Peak and RMS SF GPR emission measurements are shown for the range from 50 MHz to 200 MHz, (indoor test configuration, 150-degree orientation). Structured intentional emissions are observed above 140 MHz while no clear pattern in the emissions data is observed below 140 MHz. No notching is implemented for this horizontally polarized measurement.

Fig 27

Figure 28. Graph. Peak and RMS SF GPR emission measurements are shown for the range from 50 MHz to 200 MHz, (indoor test configuration, 180-degree orientation). Structured intentional emissions are observed above 140 MHz while no clear pattern in the emissions data is observed below 140 MHz. No notching is implemented for this horizontally polarized measurement.

Fig 28.

TEST EQUIPMENT AND ANCILLARIES USED FOR TESTS

To facilitate inclusion on each page of the test equipment used for related tests, each item of test equipment and ancillaries such as cables are identified (numbered) by the Test Laboratory.

No	Instrument/Ancillary	Type	Manufacturer	Ref. No.
1	Test receiver	ESN	R&S	LR 1237
2	Biconical antenna	3104C	EMCO	LR 1262
3	Log.per antenna	3146	EMCO	LR 1221
4	Horn antenna	3115	EMCO	LR 1330
5	Spectrum analyzer	FSP	R&S	LR 1551
6	Pre.amp	8447F	HP	TF 03305
7	Pre.amp	8449B	HP	TF 03475
8	Cable	Sucoflex 106 6 m	Suhner

PHOTO OF EUT AND TEST SET UP

Fig 29 Test set up outdoor measurement

Fig 30 Test set up outdoor measurement

Fig 31 Test set up outdoor measurement

Figure 32. Photo. Photograph of indoor test configuration, including anechoic chamber. The yellow trapezoidal SF GPR unit is resting on a set of grey blocks sitting on a beige floor. The walls are patterned with white square emissions absorbing blocks.

Fig 32 Test set up indoor measurement

Previous | Table of Contents | Next

Page Owner: Office of Research, Development, and Technology, Office of Operations, RDT

Topics: research, operations, enabling technology
Keywords: research, operations, imaging, ground penetrating radar, step frequency, GPR
TRT Terms: Communication and control, Control, Radar, Ground penetrating radar
Scheduled Update: Archive - No Update needed

This page last modified on 03/08/2016