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Manual for LS-DYNA Soil Material Model 147

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REFERENCES

1. Hallquist, J.O., LS-DYNA Keyword User's Manual, Version 960, Livermore Software Technology Corporation, Livermore, CA, March 2001.

2. Reid, J.D., B.A. Coon, B.A. Lewis, S.H. Sutherland, and Y.D. Murray, Evaluation of LS-DYNA Soil Material Model 147, Report No. FHWA-HRT-04-094, Federal Highway Administration, November 2004.

3. Murray, Y.D., Manual for LS-DYNA Wood Material Model 143, Report No. FHWA-HRT-04-097, Federal Highway Administration, to be published in 2005.

4. Murray, Y.D., and J.D. Reid, Evaluation of LS-DYNA Wood Material Model 143, Report No. FHWA-HRT-04-096, Federal Highway Administration, to be published in 2005.

5. Chen, W.F., and G.Y. Baladi, Soil Plasticity Theory and Implementation, Elsevier Science LTD, 1985. ISBN 0444424555.

6. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Waterways Experiment Station, "DNA Hardened Runway Studies for Crushed Limestone," User's Guide for Material Properties Database Search and Retrieval Program, Vicksburg, MS, 1993.

7. Lade, P.V., and J.M. Duncan, "Elastoplastic Stress-Strain Theory for Cohesionless Soil," Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division, American Society of Civil Engineers, Vol. 101, No. 10, October 1975, pp. 1037-1053.

8. Coon, B.A., J.D. Reid, and J.R. Rohde, "Dynamic Impact Testing of Guardrail Posts Embedded in Soil," Federal Highway Administration, Midwest Roadside Safety Facility, University of Nebraska at Lincoln, TRP-03-77-98, July 21, 1999.

9. Abbo, A.J., and S.W. Sloan, "A Smooth Hyperbolic Approximation to the Mohr-Coulomb Yield Criterion," Computers and Structures, Vol. 54, No. 1, 1995.

10. Klisinski, M., Degradation and Plastic Deformation of Concrete, Ph.D. Dissertation, Polish Academy of Sciences, 1985, Institute of Fundamental Technology Research (IFTR) Report 38.

11. Holtz, R.D., and W.D. Kovacs, An Introduction to Geotechnical Engineering, Prentice Hall, Inc., 1981. ISBN 0134843940.

12. Simo, J.C., and J.W. Ju, "Stress- and Strain-Based Continuum Damage Models, Parts I and II," International Journal of Solids and Structures, Vol. 23, No. 7, 1987.

13. Ju, J.W., "Energy-Based Coupled Elastoplastic Damage Models at Finite Strains," Journal of Engineering Mechanics, Vol. 115, No. 11, November 1989.

14. Coon, B.A., J.D. Reid, and J.R. Rohde, Dynamic Impact Testing of Guardrail Posts Embedded in Soil, Federal Highway Administration, Midwest Roadside Safety Facility, University of Nebraska, TRP-03-77-98, July 21, 1999.

15. Murray, Y.D., "Modeling Rate Effects in Rock and Concrete," Proceedings of the 8th International Symposium on the Interaction of the Effects of Munitions With Structures, Defense Special Weapons Agency, McLean, VA, April 1997.

16. Coon, B.A., J.D. Reid, J.R. Rohde, and J. Herr, "A New Shear Strength Testing Device for NCHRP Report 350 Strong Soil," Paper 01-0412, Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board, January 2001.

17. Nayak, G.C., and O.C. Zienkiewicz, "Convenient Form of Stress Invariants for Plasticity," Journal of the Structural Division, American Society of Civil Engineers, Vol. 98, ST4, 1972, pp. 949-953.

18. Lewis, B.A., Evaluation of LS-DYNA Soil Material Model 147, Report No. FHWA-HRT-04-094, Federal Highway Administration, August 2004.

19. Chen, Y.F. and D.J. Han, Plasticity for Structural Engineers, Springer-Verlag, New York Inc., 1988.

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