Enhanced Night Visibility Series, Volume IX: Phase II—Characterization of Experimental Objects
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LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
General Terms
| ENV |
Enhanced Night Visibility |
| IR |
infrared |
| VES |
vision enhancement system |
| SUV |
sport utility vehicle |
| UV–A |
ultraviolet A (wavelength 315 to 400 nanometers) |
Vision Enhancement Systems
|
|
| HLB |
halogen (i.e., tungsten-halogen) low beam |
| hybrid UV–A + HLB |
hybrid UV–A/visible output together with halogen low beam |
| three UV–A + HLB |
three UV–A headlamps together with halogen low beam |
| five UV–A + HLB |
five UV–A headlamps together with halogen low beam |
| HLB–LP |
halogen low beam at a lower profile |
| HHB |
halogen high beam |
| HOH |
high output halogen |
| HID |
high intensity discharge |
| hybrid UV–A + HID |
hybrid UV–A/visible output together with high intensity discharge |
| three UV–A + HID |
three UV–A headlamps together with high intensity discharge |
| five UV–A + HID |
five UV–A headlamps together with high intensity discharge |
| IR–TIS |
infrared thermal imaging system |
Objects
| BC |
black-clothed cyclist |
| BPL |
black-clothed pedestrian, parallel configuration |
| BPP |
black-clothed pedestrian, perpendicular configuration |
| CB |
child’s bicycle |
| TT |
tire tread |
| WC |
white-clothed cyclist |
| WPL |
white-clothed pedestrian, parallel configuration |
| WPP |
white-clothed pedestrian, perpendicular configuration |
Statistical Terms
| ANOVA |
analysis of variance |
| DF |
degrees of freedom |
| F value |
F-ratio |
| MS |
mean square |
| N |
number of measurements |
| P value |
statistical significance |
| SS |
sums of squares |
Measurements
 L |
luminance difference |
| Lth |
threshold luminance difference |
| C |
contrast |
| cd/m² |
candela per square meter |
| ft |
feet |
| kPa |
kilopascals |
| L |
luminance |
| lx |
lux |
| m |
meters |
| nm |
nanometers |
| psi |
pounds per square inch |
| s |
seconds |
| VL |
visibility level |
| µm |
micrometers |
Calculated Variables
| AF |
age factor |
| FCP |
negative contrast factor |
| t |
observation time |
| TF |
time factor |
 |
reflectivity |
| E |
illuminance |
 ( ) |
angular scattering coefficient |
|
angle of observation |
| dx |
length of lamina |
|
total scattering per unit length |
|
