Enhanced Night Visibility Series, Volume XIII: Phase III—Study 1: Comparison of Near Infrared, Far Infrared, High Intensity Discharge, and Halogen Headlamps on Object Detection in Nighttime Clear Weather
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APPENDIX G—ANOVA SUMMARY TABLES FOR SUBJECTIVE RATINGS
Table 32. ANOVA summary table for the Likert-type scale on detection.
| Source |
DF |
SS |
MS |
F value |
P value |
| TOTAL |
107 |
225.2 |
|
|
|
| Between |
| Age |
2 |
1.7 |
0.8 |
0.23 |
0.7936 |
| Subject/Age |
15 |
53.8 |
3.6 |
|
|
| |
| Within |
| VES |
5 |
59.2 |
11.8 |
9.6 |
<0.0001 * |
| VES by Age |
10 |
18.0 |
1.8 |
1.46 |
0.1724 |
| VES by Subject/Age |
75 |
92.5 |
1.2 |
|
|
Table 33. ANOVA summary table for the Likert-type scale on recognition.
| Source |
DF |
SS |
MS |
F value |
P value |
| TOTAL |
107 |
206.3 |
|
|
|
| Between |
| Age |
2 |
0.2 |
0.1 |
0.03 |
0.9677 |
| Subject/Age |
15 |
54.9 |
3.7 |
|
|
| |
| Within |
| VES |
5 |
41.7 |
8.3 |
6.3 |
<0.0001 * |
| VES by Age |
10 |
10.2 |
1.0 |
0.77 |
0.6559 |
| VES by Subject/Age |
75 |
99.3 |
1.3 |
|
|
Table 34. ANOVA summary table for the Likert-type scale on lane-keeping assistance.
| Statement 3: Lane-keeping assistance |
| Source |
DF |
SS |
MS |
F value |
P value |
| TOTAL |
107 |
259.0 |
|
|
|
| Between |
| Age |
2 |
21.7 |
10.8 |
1.42 |
0.2713 |
| Subject/Age |
15 |
114.1 |
7.6 |
|
|
| |
| Within |
| VES |
5 |
23.5 |
4.7 |
4.14 |
0.0022 * |
| VES by Age |
10 |
14.6 |
1.5 |
1.29 |
0.2505 |
| VES by Subject/Age |
75 |
85.0 |
1.1 |
|
|
Table 35. ANOVA summary table for the Likert-type scale on roadway direction.
| Statement 4: Roadway direction |
| Source |
DF |
SS |
MS |
F value |
P value |
| TOTAL |
107 |
243.7 |
|
|
|
| Between |
| Age |
2 |
6.9 |
3.5 |
0.68 |
0.5204 |
| Subject/Age |
15 |
75.9 |
5.1 |
|
|
| |
| Within |
| VES |
5 |
37.2 |
7.4 |
5.25 |
0.0003 * |
| VES by Age |
10 |
17.4 |
1.7 |
1.23 |
0.2862 |
| VES by Subject/Age |
75 |
106.3 |
1.4 |
|
|
Table 36. ANOVA summary table for the Likert-type scale on visual discomfort.
| Statement 5: Visual discomfort |
| Source |
DF |
SS |
MS |
F value |
P value |
| TOTAL |
107 |
240.3 |
|
|
|
| Between |
| Age |
2 |
0.8 |
0.4 |
0.05 |
0.948 |
| Subject/Age |
15 |
111.4 |
7.4 |
|
|
| |
| Within |
| VES |
5 |
20.7 |
4.1 |
3.12 |
0.0129 * |
| VES by Age |
10 |
8.0 |
0.8 |
0.6 |
0.8075 |
| VES by Subject/Age |
75 |
99.5 |
1.3 |
|
|
Table 37. ANOVA summary table for the Likert-type scale on reading signs sooner.
| Statement 6: Read signs sooner |
| Source |
DF |
SS |
MS |
F value |
P value |
| TOTAL |
107 |
305.4 |
|
|
|
| Between |
| Age |
2 |
15.4 |
7.7 |
1.54 |
0.2463 |
| Subject/Age |
15 |
75.0 |
5.0 |
|
|
| |
| Within |
| VES |
5 |
66.2 |
13.2 |
8.07 |
<0.0001 * |
| VES by Age |
10 |
25.8 |
2.6 |
1.57 |
0.131 |
| VES by Subject/Age |
75 |
123.0 |
1.6 |
|
|
Table 38. ANOVA summary table for the Likert-type scale on overall safety rating.
| Statement 7. Overall safety rating |
| Source |
DF |
SS |
MS |
F value |
P value |
| TOTAL |
107 |
263.5 |
|
|
|
| Between |
| Age |
2 |
0.9 |
0.5 |
0.06 |
0.9426 |
| Subject/Age |
15 |
114.6 |
7.6 |
|
|
| |
| Within |
| VES |
5 |
22.0 |
4.4 |
2.88 |
0.0197 * |
| VES by Age |
10 |
11.6 |
1.2 |
0.76 |
0.6627 |
| VES by Subject/Age |
75 |
114.4 |
1.5 |
|
|
Table 39. ANOVA summary table for the Likert-type scale on overall VES evaluation.
| Statement 8. Overall VES evaluation (better than regular) |
| Source |
DF |
SS |
MS |
F value |
P value |
| TOTAL |
106 |
250.5 |
|
|
|
| Between |
| Age |
2 |
1.0 |
0.5 |
0.07 |
0.9299 |
| Subject/Age |
15 |
104.6 |
7.0 |
|
|
| |
| Within |
| VES |
5 |
15.0 |
3.0 |
1.89 |
0.1061 |
| VES by Age |
10 |
12.3 |
1.2 |
0.77 |
0.6532 |
| VES by Subject/Age |
74 |
117.6 |
1.6 |
|
|
|
