Enhanced Night Visibility Series, Volume XIV: Phase III—Study 2: Comparison of Near Infrared, Far Infrared, and Halogen Headlamps on Object Detection in Nighttime Rain
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APPENDIX I—RESULTS ANOVA TABLES
Table 15. ANOVA table for discomfort glare results.
| Source |
DF |
SS |
MS |
F Value |
P Value |
| ADJUSTED TOTALS |
299 |
1302.9 |
|
|
|
| Between |
| Age |
2 |
42.5 |
21.2 |
0.92 |
0.4112 |
| Participant (Age) |
27 |
624.3 |
23.1 |
|
|
| |
| Within |
| VES |
4 |
143.6 |
35.9 |
14.36 |
<.0001 * |
| VES by Age |
8 |
32.9 |
4.1 |
1.65 |
0.1199 |
| VES by Participant (Age) |
108 |
270.0 |
2.5 |
|
|
| |
| Adaptation |
1 |
0.6 |
0.6 |
0.22 |
0.6466 |
| Adaptation by Age |
2 |
3.2 |
1.6 |
0.61 |
0.5496 |
| Adaptation by Participant (Age) |
27 |
70.7 |
2.6 |
|
|
| |
| VES by Adaptation |
4 |
0.8 |
0.2 |
0.19 |
0.9424 |
| VES by Adaptation by Age |
8 |
8.0 |
1.0 |
1.02 |
0.4254 |
| VES by Adaptation by Participant (Age) |
108 |
106.2 |
1.0 |
|
|
Table 16. ANOVA table for the objective measurement of disability glare with detection distances.
| Source |
DF |
SS |
MS |
F Value |
P Value |
| ADJUSTED TOTALS |
598 |
16036520.3 |
|
|
|
| Between |
| Age |
2 |
1768349.8 |
884174.9 |
15.92 |
<.0001 * |
| Participant (Age) |
27 |
1499180.6 |
55525.2 |
|
|
| |
| Within |
| VES |
4 |
1541883.0 |
385470.7 |
26.89 |
<.0001 * |
| VES by Age |
8 |
175486.4 |
21935.8 |
1.53 |
0.155 |
| VES by Participant (Age) |
108 |
1547940.8 |
14332.8 |
|
|
| |
| Adaptation |
1 |
8474.2 |
8474.2 |
0.66 |
0.4235 |
| Adaptation by Age |
2 |
48880.7 |
24440.3 |
1.91 |
0.1683 |
| Adaptation by Participant (Age) |
27 |
346393.3 |
12829.4 |
|
|
| |
| Pedestrian |
1 |
4864076.3 |
4864076.3 |
86.11 |
<.0001 * |
| Pedestrian by Age |
2 |
47114.7 |
23557.4 |
0.42 |
0.6632 |
| Pedestrian by Participant (Age) |
27 |
1525224.5 |
56489.8 |
|
|
| |
| VES by Adaptation |
4 |
4099.3 |
1024.8 |
0.17 |
0.9524 |
| VES by Adaptation by Age |
8 |
39558.4 |
4944.8 |
0.83 |
0.5794 |
| VES by Adaptation by Participant (Age) |
108 |
644631.6 |
5968.8 |
|
|
| |
| Pedestrian by VES |
4 |
268031.5 |
67007.9 |
10.18 |
<.0001 * |
| Pedestrian by VES by Age |
8 |
24537.8 |
3067.2 |
0.47 |
0.8776 |
| Pedestrian by VES by Participant (Age) |
108 |
710820.4 |
6581.7 |
|
|
| |
| Pedestrian by Adaptation |
1 |
16062.1 |
16062.1 |
2.66 |
0.1143 * |
| Pedestrian by Adaptation by Age |
2 |
18858.3 |
9429.1 |
1.56 |
0.2278 |
| Pedestrian by Adaptation by Participant (Age) |
27 |
162826.8 |
6030.6 |
|
|
| |
| Pedestrian by VES by Adaptation |
4 |
13723.3 |
3430.8 |
0.55 |
0.7011 |
| Pedestrian by VES by Adaptation by Age |
8 |
16110.7 |
2013.8 |
0.32 |
0.9563 |
| Pedestrian VES by Adaptation by Participant (Age) |
107 |
670372.6 |
6265.2 |
|
|
Table 17. ANOVA table for the objective measurement of driver’s eye illuminance.
| Source |
DF |
SS |
MS |
F Value |
P Value |
| ADJUSTED TOTALS |
599 |
1610.72 |
|
|
|
| Between |
| Age |
2 |
103.27 |
51.64 |
11.83 |
0.0002 * |
| Participant (Age) |
27 |
117.85 |
4.36 |
|
|
| |
| Within |
| VES |
4 |
187.68 |
46.92 |
16.26 |
<.0001 * |
| VES by Age |
8 |
131.67 |
16.46 |
5.7 |
<.0001 * |
| VES by Participant (Age) |
108 |
311.64 |
2.89 |
|
|
| |
| Pedestrian |
1 |
87.62 |
87.62 |
39.24 |
<.0001 * |
| Pedestrian by Age |
2 |
26.79 |
13.40 |
6 |
0.007 * |
| Pedestrian by Participant (Age) |
27 |
60.29 |
2.23 |
|
|
| |
| Pedestrian by VES |
4 |
81.59 |
20.40 |
12.4 |
<.0001 * |
| Pedestrian by VES by Age |
8 |
101.92 |
12.74 |
7.75 |
<.0001 * |
| Pedestrian by VES by Participant (Age) |
108 |
177.58 |
1.64 |
|
|
| |
| Adaptation |
1 |
0.20 |
0.20 |
0.39 |
0.5355 |
| Adaptation by Age |
2 |
0.15 |
0.08 |
0.15 |
0.8647 |
| Adaptation by Participant (Age) |
27 |
14.00 |
0.52 |
|
|
| |
| VES by Adaptation |
4 |
1.34 |
0.34 |
0.34 |
0.848 |
| VES by Adaptation by Age |
8 |
2.07 |
0.26 |
0.26 |
0.976 |
| VES by Adaptation by Participant (Age) |
108 |
105.66 |
0.98 |
|
|
| |
| Pedestrian by Adaptation |
1 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.13 |
0.7231 |
| Pedestrian by Adaptation by Age |
2 |
0.30 |
0.15 |
0.3 |
0.7428 |
| Pedestrian by Adaptation by Participant (Age) |
27 |
13.54 |
0.50 |
|
|
| |
| Pedestrian by VES by Adaptation |
4 |
2.82 |
0.71 |
0.98 |
0.4196 |
| Pedestrian by VES by Adaptation by Age |
8 |
5.27 |
0.66 |
0.92 |
0.5038 |
| Pedestrian VES by Adaptation by Participant (Age) |
108 |
77.40 |
0.72 |
|
|
|
