FOREWORD

This report is one of a series of reports produced as part of a contract designed to develop precise, detailed human factors design guidelines for Advanced Traveler Information Systems (ATIS) and Commercial Vehicle Operations (CVO). The contractual effort consists of three phases: analytic, empirical, and integration. This report is a product of the empirical phase. The empirical phase will also address topics such as: ATIS function transition, display channels, multi-modality displays, CVO driver fatigue, display formats and workload, and head-up displays. Among the analytic topics discussed in the series are a functional description of ATIS/CVO, comparable systems analysis, task analysis of ATIS/CVO functions, alternate systems analysis, identification and exploration of driver acceptance, and definition and prioritization of research studies.

This report describes an experimental examination of In-Vehicle Safety Advisory and Warning Systems (IVSAWS) and In-Vehicle Signing Information Systems (ISIS) characteristics and their effect on driver performance. The study examines the impact of display modality, message style, and display location on driver compliance with warning messages and driving safety.

A. George Ostensen, Director
Office of Safety and Traffic
Operations Research and Development

NOTICE

This document is disseminated under the sponsorship of the Department of Transportation in the interest of information exchange. The United States Government assumes no liability for its contents or use thereof. This report does not constitute a standard, specification, or regulation.

The United States Government does not endorse products or manufacturers. Trade and manufacturers' names appear in this report only because they are considered essential to the object of the document.

Technical Report Documentation Page

1. Report No.

FHWA-RD-96-147

2. Government Accession No. 3. Recipient's Catalog No.
4. Title and Subtitle

Advanced Traveler Information Systems and Commercial Vehicle Operations Components of the Intelligent Transportation Systems: Design Alternatives for In-Vehicle Information Displays

5. Report Date

October 1997
6. Performing Organization Code

7. Author(s)

J. D. Lee, S. Stone, B. F. Gore, C. Colton, J. Macauley, R. Kinghorn,

J. L. Campbell, M. Finch, G. Jamieson

8. Performing Organization Report No.



9. Performing Organization Name and Address

Battelle Human Factors Transportation Center

4000 NE 41st Street

P.O. Box 5395

Seattle, WA 98105-0395

10. Work Unit No. (TRAIS)

3B2C1012

11. Contract or Grant No.

DTFH61-92-C-00102

12. Sponsoring Agency Name and Address

Office of Safety and Traffic Operations R&D

Federal Highway Administration

6300 Georgetown Pike

McLean, VA 22101-2296

13. Type of Report and Period Covered

Technical Report

April 1995 - August 1996

14. Sponsoring Agency Code



15. Supplementary Notes

Contracting Officer's Technical Representative (COTR): Joe Moyer, HSR-30; Thomas Granda, SAIC

16. Abstract

This report describes the results of an experiment that examines the effect of Advanced Traveler Information Systems (ATIS) devices. Specifically, it examines how In-Vehicle Safety and Warning Systems (IVSAWS) and In-Vehicle Signing and Information Systems (ISIS) characteristics affect driver compliance with warning messages and driving safety. These characteristics include display modality, message style, and display location. A general issue facing ATIS designers is the concern that ATIS warning messages may go unheeded by drivers. Therefore, a critical element of ATIS design concerns is making information easily accessible and compelling so drivers comply with the warnings. The results show converging evidence that ATIS warnings can generate greater compliance compared to road signs. Another general issue that faces ATIS designers is the potential for ATIS devices to undermine driving safety. The results of this experiment show that ATIS devices can undermine driving safety by fostering an overreliance on ATIS information. The results also show how particular ATIS design characteristics can minimize the overreliance and its negative effects on driving safety.
17. Key Words

ATIS, ISIS, ITS, IVSAWS, warning compliance, driving safety.

 18. Distribution Statement

No restrictions. This document is available to the public through the National Technical Information Service, Springfield, Virginia, 22161.

19. Security Classif. (of this report)

Unclassified

20. Security Classif. (of this page)

Unclassified

21. No. of Pages

86

22. Price

Form DOT F 1700.7 (8-72)