List of Exhibits

Executive Summary

• Percentage of Highway Miles, Lane Miles, and Vehicle Miles Traveled by Functional System, 2004
• Highway Mileage by Jurisdiction, 2004
• Urban Capacity-Equivalent Revenue Vehicle Miles
• Urban Passenger Transit Miles

• Percentage of VMT on Roads with Acceptable Ride Quality
• Percentage of VMT on Roads with Acceptable Ride Quality, by Urban Area Size, 2004
• Percentage of Rural and Urban Bridge Deficiencies, by Number Bridges
• Definitions of Transit Asset Conditions
• Conditions of Bus Maintenance Facilities, 2004
• Conditions of Rail Maintenance Facilities, 2004

• Percent of VMT Under Congested Conditions, by Urbanized Area Size, 1995–2004
• Average Travel Time Index for All Urbanized Areas, 1995–2004
• Vehicle Utilization Passenger Miles per Capacity-Equivalent Vehicle
• Index of Rail Speed and Capacity Utilization of Rail Vehicles
• Passengers by Waiting Times

• Fatality Rate, 1995–2004
• Injury Rate, 1995–2004
• Fatalities per 100 Million PMT, 2002 and 2004
• Incidents and Injuries per 100 Million PMT, 2004

• Highway Expenditures by Type, 2004
• Revenue Sources for Highways, 2004
• 2004 Transit Revenue Sources
• Sources of Transit Capital Investment Funding, 2002 and 2004
• 2004 Transit Operating Expenditures

• Cost to Maintain Highways and Bridges Distribution by Improvement Type
• Maximum Economic Investment for Highways and Bridges Distribution by Improvement Type
• Transit Average Annual Investment Scenario Estimates, 2003–2022 and 2005–2024
• Annual Cost to Maintain and Improve Conditions and Performance by Investment Type, 2005–2024
• Average Annual Transit Investment Scenario Estimates by Asset Type, 2005–2024

• 2004 Capital Outlay by All Levels of Government vs. Highway and Bridge Investment Scenario Estimates
• Investment Scenarios and 2004 Capital Outlay Distribution by Improvement Type
• A Comparison of 2004 Capital Spending with Average Annual Investment Scenario Estimates

• Projected Changes in 2024 Highway Condition and Performance Measures Compared with 2004 Levels, at Different Possible Funding Levels
• Effect of Capital Spending Constraints on Transit Conditions

• Impact of Congestion Reduction Strategies on Average Annual Investment Scenario Estimates
• The Effect of Variations in PMT Growth on Transit Annual Investment Scenario Estimates

Main Report

• Exhibit 2-1 Comparison of System and Use Characteristics with Those in the 2004 C&P Report
• Exhibit 2-2 Highway Mileage by Owner, 1995 and 2004
• Exhibit 2-3 Highway Mileage by Owner and by Size of Area, 1995–2004
• Exhibit 2-4 Highway Functional Classification Hierarchy
• Exhibit 2-5 Percentage of Highway Miles, Lane Miles, and VMT by Functional System and by Size of Area, 2004
• Exhibit 2-6 Highway Route Miles by Functional System and by Size of Area, 1995–2004
• Exhibit 2-7 Highway Lane Miles by Functional System and by Size of Area, 1995–2004
• Exhibit 2-8 Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT) and Passenger Miles Traveled (PMT), 1995–2004
• Exhibit 2-9 Highway Travel by Vehicle Type, 1995–2004
• Exhibit 2-10 Highway Travel by System and Vehicle Type, 1995–2004
• Exhibit 2-11 Deployment of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) in 78 of the Largest Metropolitan Areas, 1997–2005
• Exhibit 2-12 Progress in Integrated Deployment of ITS in 75 of the Largest Metropolitan Areas, 1997–2005
• Exhibit 2-13 Bridges by Owner, 1996–2004
• Exhibit 2-14 Percent Bridge Inventory, Traffic, and Deck Area by Owner
• Exhibit 2-15 Number of Bridges by Functional System, 1996–2004
• Exhibit 2-16 Bridges by Functional Class Weighted by Numbers, ADT, and Deck Area
• Exhibit 2-17 Transit Active Fleet by Vehicle Type, 2004
• Exhibit 2-18 Composition of Urban Transit Road Vehicle Fleet, 2004
• Exhibit 2-19 Maintenance Facilities for Directly Operated Services, 2004
• Exhibit 2-20 Transit Rail Mileage and Stations, 2004
• Exhibit 2-21 Transit Directional Route Miles, 1995–2004
• Exhibit 2-22 Vehicle Revenue Miles, 1995–2004
• Exhibit 2-23 2004 Capacity-Equivalent Factors by Mode
• Exhibit 2-24 Change in Vehicle Capacity, 2004 Versus 1995
• Exhibit 2-25 Capacity-Equivalent Vehicle Revenue Miles, 1995–2004
• Exhibit 2-26 Modal Distribution of 8.9 Billion Unlinked Passenger Trips in 2004
• Exhibit 2-27 Modal Distribution of 46.5 Billion Passenger Miles Traveled in 2004
• Exhibit 2-28 Transit Urban Passenger Miles, 1995–2004
• Exhibit 2-29 Urban Transit Operators' ADA Vehicle Fleets by Mode, 2004
• Exhibit 2-30 Urban Transit Operators' ADA Stations by Mode, 2004
• Exhibit 3-1 Comparison of System Conditions Statistics with Those in the 2004 C&P Report
• Exhibit 3-2 Pavement Condition Criteria
• Exhibit 3-3 Percent of VMT on Pavements With Good and Acceptable Ride Quality, 1995–2004
• Exhibit 3-4 Percent of VMT on Pavements With Good and Acceptable Ride Quality, by Population Area, 1995–2004
• Exhibit 3-5 Percent of VMT on Pavements With Good and Acceptable Ride Quality, by Functional System, 1995–2004
• Exhibit 3-6 Percent of Mileage With Good and Acceptable Ride Quality, by Functional System, 1995–2004
• Exhibit 3-7 Rural Alignment by Functional Class, 2004
• Exhibit 3-8 Lane Width by Functional Class, 2004
• Exhibit 3-9 Bridge Condition Rating Categories
• Exhibit 3-10 Bridge Condition Ratings, 2004
• Exhibit 3-11 Bridge Appraisal Rating Categories
• Exhibit 3-12 Structural Evaluation/Waterway Adequacy Ratings, 2004
• Exhibit 3-13 Functional Obsolescence: Deck Geometry, Underclearance, and Approach Alignment Ratings, 2004
• Exhibit 3-14 Bridge Deficiency Percentages, 1994–2004
• Exhibit 3-15 Bridge Deficiencies by Number, Percent of Deck Area on Deficient Bridges, and Percent of ADT Carried on Deficient Bridges, 2004
• Exhibit 3-16 Bridge Deficiencies by Owner, 2004
• Exhibit 3-17 Bridge Deficiencies by Functional System, 2004
• Exhibit 3-18 Percent Deficient Bridges by Functional Class and Area, 1994–2004
• Exhibit 3-19 Culvert Condition Ratings, 2004
• Exhibit 3-20 Definitions of Transit Asset Conditions
• Exhibit 3-21 Urban Transit Bus Fleet Count, Age, and Condition, 1995–2004
• Exhibit 3-22 Urban Bus Maintenance Facility Ages, 2004
• Exhibit 3-23 Conditions of Urban Bus Maintenance Facilities, 2004
• Exhibit 3-24 Urban Transit Rail Fleet Count, Age, and Condition, 1995–2004
• Exhibit 3-25 Rail Maintenance Facility Ages, 2004
• Exhibit 3-26 Conditions of Urban Rail Maintenance Facilities, 2004
• Exhibit 3-27 Conditions of Urban Rail Passenger Stations, 2004
• Exhibit 3-28 Conditions of U.S. Transit Rail Systems-Selected Years, 1997–2004
• Exhibit 3-29 Conditions of U.S. Transit Rail Infrastructure-Selected Years, 1997–2004
• Exhibit 3-30 Estimated Valuation of the Nation's Transit Assets, 2004
• Exhibit 3-31 Average Vehicle Age and Percent of Overage Vehicles in Rural Transit
• Exhibit 4-1 Comparison of Highway and Transit Operational Performance Statistics with Those in the 2004 C&P Report
• Exhibit 4-2 Average Daily Percent of VMT Under Congested Conditions, by Urbanized Area Size, 1995–2004
• Exhibit 4-3 Average Daily Percent Vehicle Miles Traveled Under Congested Conditions, by Urbanized Area Size, 1987 vs. 2004
• Exhibit 4-4 Average Length of Congested Conditions, All Urbanized Areas
• Exhibit 4-5 Average Length of Congested Conditions by Urbanized Area, 1995–2004
• Exhibit 4-6 Average Travel Time Index for All Urbanized Areas, 1995–2004
• Exhibit 4-7 Travel Time Index by Urbanized Area Size, 1995–2004
• Exhibit 4-8 Annual Delay per Peak Period Traveler for All Urbanized Areas, 1995–2004
• Exhibit 4-9 Annual Delay per Peak Period Traveler by Urbanized Area Size, 1995–2004
• Exhibit 4-10 Average Annual Delay per Capita for All Urbanized Areas, 1995–2004
• Exhibit 4-11 Average Annual Hours of Delay per Capita by Urbanized Area Size, 1995–2004
• Exhibit 4-12 Daily Vehicle-Miles Traveled (DVMT) per Lane-mile by Population Area and Functional Class, 1995–2004
• Exhibit 4-13 Percent of Peak-hour Travel Exceeding V/SF Thresholds, 1995–2004
• Exhibit 4-14 Average Transit Passenger-Carrying Speed, 2004
• Exhibit 4-15 Passenger-Mile Weighted Average Operating Speed by Transit Mode, 1995–2004
• Exhibit 4-16 Unadjusted Vehicle Occupancy: Passengers per Transit Vehicle, 1995–2004
• Exhibit 4-17 Adjusted Vehicle Occupancy: Passengers per Capacity-Equivalent Transit Vehicle, 1995–2004
• Exhibit 4-18 Transit Vehicle Utilization: Annual Passenger Miles per Capacity-Equivalent Vehicle by Mode, 1995–2004
• Exhibit 4-19 Index of Rail Speed and Capacity Utilization of Rail Vehicles
• Exhibit 4-20 Vehicle Service Utilization: Vehicle Revenue Miles per Vehicle by Mode, 1995–2004
• Exhibit 4-21 Distribution of Passengers by Waiting Times
• Exhibit 4-22 Passenger Wait-Times According to Household Income
• Exhibit 5-1 Comparison of Safety Statistics with Those in the 2004 C&P Report
• Exhibit 5-2 Summary of Fatality and Injury Rates, 1966–2004
• Exhibit 5-3 Fatalities, 1980–2004
• Exhibit 5-4 Fatality Rate, 1980–2004
• Exhibit 5-5 Fatalities by Functional System, 1995–2004
• Exhibit 5-6 Fatality Rates by Functional System, 1995–2004
• Exhibit 5-7 Crash by Severity, 1995–2004
• Exhibit 5-8 Highway Fatalities by Crash Type, 1995–2004
• Exhibit 5-9 Roadway Departure-related Fatalities by Functional System, 2004
• Exhibit 5-10 Summary of Fatalities and Fatality Rates for Vehicles Involved in Rollover Crashes, 1997 & 2004
• Exhibit 5-11 Intersection-related Fatalities by Functional System, 2004
• Exhibit 5-12 Pedestrian-related Fatalities, 1995–2004
• Exhibit 5-13 Alcohol-related Fatalities, 1995–2004
• Exhibit 5-14 Fatalities for Vehicle Occupants by Type of Vehicle, 1995–2004
• Exhibit 5-15 Injuries for Vehicle Occupants by Type of Vehicle, 1995–2004
• Exhibit 5-16 Age of Drivers Involved in Fatal Crashes, 2004
• Exhibit 5-17 Annual Transit Fatalities, 1995–2004: Directly Operated Service
• Exhibit 5-18 Annual Incidents and Injuries, 2002–2004: Directly Operated Service
• Exhibit 5-19 Transit Fatalities by Mode, 1995–2004: Annual Rates per 100 Million Passenger Miles, Directly Operated Service
• Exhibit 5-20 Fatality Rates by Mode, 1995–2004
• Exhibit 5-21 Transit Incidents and Injuries by Mode, 2002–2004: Directly Operated Service
• Exhibit 5-22 Fatalities per 100 Incidents by Mode, 2002–2004
• Exhibit 6-1 Comparison of Highway and Transit Finance Statistics with Those in the 2004 C&P Report
• Exhibit 6-2 Revenue Sources for Highways, 2004
• Exhibit 6-3 Disposition of Highway-user Revenue by Level of Government, 2004
• Exhibit 6-4 Highway Revenue Sources by Type, All Units of Government, 1921–2004
• Exhibit 6-5 Percent of Highway Revenue Derived from User Charges, Each Level of Government, 1957–2004
• Exhibit 6-6 Direct Expenditures for Highways, by Expending Agencies and by Type, 2004
• Exhibit 6-7 Expenditures for Highways by Type, All Units of Government, 1957–2004
• Exhibit 6-8 Funding for Highways by Level of Government, 1957–2004
• Exhibit 6-9 Total Highway Expenditures in Current and Constant 2004 Dollars, All Units of Government, 1957–2004
• Exhibit 6-10 Highway Capital, Maintenance, and Other Noncapital Expenditures in Current and Constant 2004 Dollars, All Units of Government, 1957–2004
• Exhibit 6-11 Highway Expenditures per Vehicle Mile Traveled, All Units of Government, 1957–2004
• Exhibit 6-12 Highway Capital Outlay by Functional System, 2004
• Exhibit 6-13 Highway Capital Outlay by Improvement Type, 2004
• Exhibit 6-14 Highway Capital Outlay by Improvement Type: 1997, 2000, 2002, and 2004
• Exhibit 6-15 Distribution of Capital Outlay by Improvement Type and Functional System, 2004
• Exhibit 6-16 Revenue Sources for Transit Financing, 2004
• Exhibit 6-17 2004 Public Transit Revenue Sources
• Exhibit 6-18 2004 State Sources of Transit Funding
• Exhibit 6-19 2004 Local Sources of Transit Funding
• Exhibit 6-20 Public Funding for Transit by Government Jurisdiction, 1960–2004
• Exhibit 6-21 Federal Share of Public Funding for Transit, 1962–2004
• Exhibit 6-22 Current and 2004 Constant Dollar Public Funding for Public Transportation, 1956–2004
• Exhibit 6-23 Sources of Funds for Transit Capital Expenditures,1995–2004
• Exhibit 6-24 Transit Capital Expenditures by Mode and by Type, 2004
• Exhibit 6-25 Sources of Funds for Transit Operating Expenditures, 1995–2004
• Exhibit 6-26 Transit Operating Expenditures by Mode, 1995–2004
• Exhibit 6-27 Operating Expenditures by Mode and Type of Cost, 2004
• Exhibit 6-28 Operating Expenditures per Vehicle Revenue Mile, 1995–2004
• Exhibit 6-29 Operating Expenditures per Capacity-Equivalent Vehicle Revenue Mile, 1995–2004
• Exhibit 6-30 Operating Expenditures per Passenger Mile Traveled by Mode, 1995–2004
• Exhibit 6-31 Farebox Recovery Ratio by Mode, 2002–2004
• Exhibit 6-32 Rural Transit Operators' Budget Sources for Operating Expenditures, 2000
• Exhibit II-1 Economically Efficient Investment
• Exhibit 7-1 Highway, Bridge, and Transit Investment Scenario Projections Compared with Data from the 2004 C&P Report
• Exhibit 7-2 Cost to Maintain Highways and Bridges Scenario: Average Annual National Investment by Functional Class and Improvement Type
• Exhibit 7-3 Maximum Economic Investment for Highways and Bridges Scenario: Average Annual National Investment by Functional Class and Improvement Type
• Exhibit 7-4 Highway and Bridge Investment Scenario Estimates: Distribution by Improvement Type
• Exhibit 7-5 Sources of the Highway and Bridge Investment Scenario Estimates
• Exhibit 7-6 HERS Investment Scenarios, 2005–2024
• Exhibit 7-7 NBIAS Investment Scenarios, 2005–2024
• Exhibit 7-8 Average Annual Transit Investment by Scenario, 2005–2024
• Exhibit 7-9 Annual Transit Investment by Scenario and Type of Improvement, 2005–2024
• Exhibit 7-10 Transit Average Annual Investment by Scenario and by Area Population Size and Mode, 2005–2024
• Exhibit 7-11 Annual Average Cost to Maintain and Improve Transit Conditions and Performance, 2005–2024
• Exhibit 7-12 Transit Infrastructure Average Annual Investment by Scenario and by Asset Type, 2005–2024
• Exhibit 7-13 Annual Rail Investment by Scenario, 2005–2024
• Exhibit 7-14 Nonrail Annual Investment by Scenario, 2005–2024
• Exhibit 7-15 Estimated Backlog by Transit Asset Type in 2004
• Exhibit 7-16 Estimated Backlog by Transit Mode in 2004
• Exhibit 8-1 Highway, Bridge, and Transit Spending vs. Investment Scenario Estimates Compared with Data from the 2004 C&P Report
• Exhibit 8-2 Average Annual Investment Scenario Estimates vs. 2004 Capital Outlay
• Exhibit 8-3 Highways and Bridges Investment Scenario Estimates and 2004 Capital Outlay, Percentage by Improvement Type
• Exhibit 8-4 Average Annual Investment Scenario Estimates vs. Current Spending, 1997 to 2006 C&P Reports
• Exhibit 8-5 2004 Transit Capital Expenditures vs. Estimated Average Annual Investment by Scenario
• Exhibit 8-6 Average Annual Transit Investment by Scenario vs.2004 Capital Spending by Asset Type
• Exhibit 8-7 2004 Transit Capital Spending by Asset Type vs. Average Annual Investment by Scenario
• Exhibit 8-8 Current Transit Capital Spending Levels vs. Rehabilitation and Replacement Investment, 1993–2004
• Exhibit 8-9 Average Annual Transit Investment by Scenario vs. Current Spending, 1995 to 2006 Conditions and Performance Reports
• Exhibit 9-1 Projected Changes in 2024 Highway Physical Conditions Compared with 2004 Levels for Different Possible Funding Levels
• Exhibit 9-2 Projected Changes in 2024 Highway Operational Performance Compared with 2004 Levels for Different Possible Funding Levels
• Exhibit 9-3 Projected Changes in 2024 Highway Travel Delay Compared with 2004 Levels for Different Possible Funding Levels
• Exhibit 9-4 Projected Changes in 2024 Highway User Costs Compared with 2004 Levels for Different Possible Funding Levels
• Exhibit 9-5 Annual VMT Growth Rates, 1984 to 2004
• Exhibit 9-6 Annual Projected Highway VMT Based on Highway Performance Monitoring System Forecasts
• Exhibit 9-7 Projected Average Annual VMT Growth Rates, 2005–2024, for Different Possible Funding Levels
• Exhibit 9-8 Projected Changes in 2024 Bridge Investment Backlog Compared with 2004 Levels for Different Possible Funding Levels
• Exhibit 9-9 Effect of Capital Spending Constraints on Transit Condition Estimates
• Exhibit 10-1 Impact of Aggressive Congestion Reduction Strategies on Investment Scenario Estimates
• Exhibit 10-2 Impact of Recent Model Enhancements on Investment Scenario Estimates
• Exhibit 10-3 Impact of Alternate Model Assumptions on Investment Scenario Estimates
• Exhibit 10-4 Impact of Alternate Model Parameters on Investment Scenario Estimates
• Exhibit 10-5 Impact of Alternative PMT Growth Rates on Transit Investment Estimates by Scenario
• Exhibit 10-6 Impact of a 25 Percent Increase in Capital Costs on Transit Investment Estimates by Scenario
• Exhibit 10-7 Impact of Replacing BRT with Light Rail to Improve Estimates by Scenario
• Exhibit 10-8 Impact of Using 2004 C&P Condition Replacement Thresholds
• Exhibit 10-9 Impact of Change in the Value of Time on Transit Investment Estimates by Scenario
• Exhibit 10-10 Impact of Change in the Value of User Cost Elasticities on Transit Investment Estimates by Scenario
• Exhibit 11-1 Interstate Route Miles and Lane Miles, 1995–2004
• Exhibit 11-2 Number of Interstate Bridges, 1996–2004
• Exhibit 11-3 Interstate Vehicle Miles Traveled, 1995–2004
• Exhibit 11-4 Interstate Highway Travel by Vehicle Type, 1995–2004
• Exhibit 11-5 Percent of Interstate VMT on Pavements With Good and Acceptable Ride Quality, by Population Area, 1995–2004
• Exhibit 11-6 Rural Interstate Vertical/Horizontal Alignment Status, 2004
• Exhibit 11-7 Interstate Lane Width, 2004
• Exhibit 11-8 Age Composition of Interstate Bridges, 2004
• Exhibit 11-9 Interstate Bridge Deficiency Percentages, by Population Area, 1994–2004
• Exhibit 11-10 Interstate Bridge Deficiency Percentages, by Period Built
• Exhibit 11-11 Fatalities on the Interstate System, 1995–2004
• Exhibit 11-12 Interstate System Fatality Rates, 1994–2004
• Exhibit 11-13 Interstate Capital Expenditures, 2004
• Exhibit 11-14 Interstate Capital Expenditures, 2004 versus 2002
• Exhibit 11-15 Projected Rural Interstate Pavement Condition in 2024 for Different Possible Funding Levels
• Exhibit 11-16 Projected Rural Interstate Conditions and Performance in 2024 for Different Possible Funding Levels
• Exhibit 11-17 Projected Urban Interstate Pavement Condition in 2024 for Different Possible Funding Levels
• Exhibit 11-18 Projected Urban Interstate Conditions and Performance in 2024 for Different Possible Funding Levels
• Exhibit 11-19 Projected Interstate Bridge Investment Backlog in 2024 for Different Possible Funding Levels
• Exhibit 12-1 Highway Route Mileage, Lane Mileage, and VMT on the NHS Compared with All Roads, by Functional System, 2004
• Exhibit 12-2 NHS Mileage by Owner, 2004
• Exhibit 12-3 Percent of NHS VMT on Pavements with Good and Acceptable Ride Quality, 1996–2004
• Exhibit 12-4 Percent of VMT on Pavements with Good and Acceptable Ride Quality, by Population Area, 2002 vs. 2004
• Exhibit 12-5 NHS Bridge Deficiency Percentages, 1995–2004
• Exhibit 12-6 NHS Bridges Compared with All Bridges, 2004
• Exhibit 12-7 STRAHNET Miles by Functional Class, 2004
• Exhibit 12-8 Percent of STRAHNET VMT on Pavements with Good and Acceptable Ride Quality, 2002 vs. 2004
• Exhibit 12-9 STRAHNET Bridge Deficiency Percentages, 2002 vs. 2004
• Exhibit 12-10 Highway Capital Outlay on the NHS by Functional System, 2004
• Exhibit 12-11 NHS Capital Expenditures, 2004
• Exhibit 12-12 Projected Rural NHS Pavement Condition in 2024 for Different Possible Funding Levels
• Exhibit 12-13 Projected Rural NHS Conditions and Performance in 2024 for Different Possible Funding Levels
• Exhibit 12-14 Projected Urban NHS Pavement Condition in 2024 for Different Possible Funding Levels
• Exhibit 12-15 Projected Urban NHS Conditions and Performance in 2024 for Different Possible Funding Levels
• Exhibit 12-16 Projected NHS Bridge Investment Backlog in 2024 for Different Possible Funding Levels
• Exhibit 13-1 Financial Performance of TIFIA-assisted Projects (as of July 15, 2006)
• Exhibit 13-2 State Infrastructure Bank Loans and Loan Agreements by State, as of June 2005
• Exhibit 13-3 GARVEE Transactions to Date, as of May 2006
• Exhibit 13-4 Public-Private Partnership Options and Range of Responsibility
• Exhibit 14-1 Trucks, Truck Miles, and Average Miles per Truck by Major Use
• Exhibit 14-2 Freight Shipments by Tons and Value
• Exhibit 15-1 Sources of Congestion
• Exhibit 15-2 Traveler Problems and Operational Responses
• Exhibit A-1 Impacts of Operations Strategies in HERS
• Exhibit C-1 Asset Decay Curves
• Exhibit C-2 TERM Asset Replacement Condition Thresholds
• Exhibit C-3 National Condition Assessments of Transit Vehicles
• Exhibit C-4 Average Conditions and Ages of Bus and Rail Maintenance Facilities
• Exhibit C-5 New Station Decay Curve vs. Facility Decay Curve
• Exhibit C-6 Heavy Rail Station Conditions
• Exhibit C-7 Station Condition vs. Age: Impact of Rehabilitation