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Federal Highway Administration
1200 New Jersey Avenue, SE
Washington, DC 20590
202-366-4000


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Indiana Department of Transportation SEP 14 Report Alternate Pavement Type

Appendix K PR 69 (IR-33051)

This project was bid as a design build contract. INDOT let this project on mainline as an optional pavement section (HMA or PCCP) or the Contractor's alternate pavement section. INDOT received four (4) bids (4 PCCP options, 1 HMA option, and 3 Contractor's alternate pavement section) and all bids were substantially below the engineer's estimate. One (1) Contractor participated in all three: HMA, PCCP, and the alternate pavement section.

INDOT provided the following pavement design thickness for mainline of this project:

  1. 11 inches of PCCP at 18 feet Joint Spacing or
  2. 13 inches of HMA

The Contractor's alternate pavement sections for this project were as follow:

  1. The first Contractor's alternate pavement section was 11 inches PCCP at 18 feet Joint Spacing on mainline and inside shoulder with modified subgrade treatment.
  2. The second Contractor's alternate pavement section was 10 inches PCCP at 18 feet Joint Spacing on cement treated open graded subbase with modified subgrade treatment.
  3. The third Contractor's alternate pavement section was 10 inches PCCP at 16 feet Joint Spacing on mainline and inside shoulder. Contractor will control the Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (CTE) value not to exceed 5.4.

Bid Analysis Summary

PCCP Option
Bidders Initial Bid PW Cost for PCCP Bid Analysis
A $84,750,000.00 + $3,219,678.88 = $87,969,678.88
B $89,425,000.00 + $3,219,678.88 = $92,644,678.88
C $93,175,880.00 + $3,219,678.88 = $96,395,558.88
D $102,307,004.89 + $3,219,678.88 = $105,526,683.77
HMA Option
Bidders Initial Bid PW Cost for HMA Bid Analysis
A $86,100,000.00 + $5,276,981.59 = $91,376,981.59
1st Contractor's Alternate PCCP Pavement
Bidders Initial Bid PW Cost for Alt. PCCP Bid Analysis
D $101,937,004.89 + $3,180,575.78 = $105,117,580.67
2nd Contractor's Alternate PCCP Pavement
Bidders Initial Bid PW Cost for Alt. PCCP Bid Analysis
C $91,190,880.00 + $3,248,275.85 = $94,439,155.85
3rd Contractor's Alternate PCCP Pavement
Bidders Initial Bid PW Cost for Alt. PCCP Bid Analysis
A $83,900,000.00 + $3,503,697.42 = $87,403,697.42

The low bid amount, out of all 4 bids, was for 3rd Contractor's Alternate PCCP section (Bidder A) and after adding PW cost of HMA, PCCP, and Contractor's Alternate PCCP to the respective pavement type, 3rd Contractor's Alternate PCCP section was the low bid (Bidder A). The 3rd Contractor's Alternate PCCP section of Bidder A was awarded for this contract. The PW cost factor did not affected the outcome of the bidding.

INDOT is unable to compared the estimated cost of pavement pay items with actual low bid costs of all three pavement types since this contract was not let as an itemized proposal. All other pavement types such as "S"-lines in the bids were common to all pavement options.

Conclusion

INDOT saved the tax payers approximately $2,151,050.00 immediately, at the bid opening, (HMA Low Bid – PCCP Low Bid). Using the Bid Analysis amounts (after PW costs applied); INDOT saved the tax payers approximately $3,924,334.17 over the 50 year service life of the pavement. These savings include the reduction of INDOT's consultant cost of $48,950.00 for producing two sets of typical plan sheets and quantities. The inhouse costs for INDOT were determined negligible.

The PW cost for future maintenance did not impact the bids and which contractor received the contract but the Contractor's alternate PCCP section did impact the overall outcome. INDOT believes using this process of alternate bids for pavement type selection on this project was very successful.

PW of Future Maintenance of the Pavement I-69 (IR-33051)

  1. 1) Optional Pavement Section (INDOT)
    • PW of HMA Section = $5,276,981.59
    • PW of PCCP Section = $3,219,678.88
  2. 2) PCCP Alternate Pavement Section (1st Contractor)
    • PW of Alternate Pavement Type (PCCP) = $3,180,575.78
  3. 3) PCCP Alternate Pavement Section (2nd Contractor)
    • PW of Alternate Pavement Type (PCCP) = $3,248,275.85
  4. 4) PCCP Alternate Pavement Section (3rd Contractor)
    • PW of Alternate Pavement Type (PCCP) = $3,503,697.42
HMA PW for Future Rehabilitation Work (INDOT)
Age in Years Rehab. Cost $ Present Worth Cost $
3 Joint Seal287,204.00$255,323.31
6 Joint Seal287,204.00$226,981.49
9 Joint Seal287,204.00$201,785.72
12 Joint Seal287,204.00$179,386.77
15 Joint Seal287,204.00$159,474.19
18 Joint Seal287,204.00$141,771.97
20 Mill and Functional Overlay6,055,977.00$2,763,868.85
23 Joint Seal287,204.00$116,526.23
26 Joint Seal287,204.00$103,591.39
29 Joint Seal287,204.00$92,092.37
32 Joint Seal287,204.00$81,869.78
35 Mill and Resurface2,902,313.00$735,491.02
38 Joint Seal287,204.00$64,702.88
41 Joint Seal287,204.00$57,520.62
44 Joint Seal287,204.00$51,135.62
47 Joint Seal287,204.00$45,459.38
Total HMA PW Cost $5,276,981.59
PCCP PW for Future Rehabilitation Work (INDOT)
Age in Years Rehab. Cost $ Present Worth Cost $
8 Reseal the Joint 276,567.00 $202,084.80
16 Reseal the Joint 276,567.00 $147,661.38
24 Reseal the Joint 276,567.00 $107,894.73
30 Mill and Functional Overlay 6,119,400.00 $1,886,725.26
33 Joint Seal 287,204.00 $78,720.94
36 Joint Seal 287,204.00 $69,982.63
39 Joint Seal 287,204.00 $62,214.30
42 Mill and Resurface 2,967,754.00 $571,515.02
45 Joint Seal 287,204.00 $49,168.87
48 Joint Seal 287,204.00 $43,710.95
Total PCCP PW Cost $3,219,678.88

PW = F [1/(1+i)n]

Where: F = Future Construction Cost
i = Discount rate (4%)
n = Number of years from year zero

PCCP PW for Future Rehabilitation Work (1st Contractor)
Age in Years Rehab. Cost $ Present Worth Cost $
8 Reseal the Joint 319,116.00 $233,174.94
16 Reseal the Joint 319,116.00 $170,378.64
24 Reseal the Joint 319,116.00 $124,494.00
30 Mill and Functional Overlay 6,092,663.00 $1,878,481.74
33 Joint/Crack Seal 191,469.00 $52,480.54
36 Joint/Crack Seal 191,469.00 $46,655.01
39 Joint/Crack Seal 191,469.00 $41,476.13
42 Mill and Resurface 2,967,754.00 $571,515.02
45 Joint/Crack Seal 191,469.00 $32,779.19
48 Joint/Crack Seal 191,469.00 $29,140.58
Total PCCP PW Cost $3,180,575.78

PW = F [1/(1+i)n]

Where: F = Future Construction Cost
i = Discount rate (4%)
n = Number of years from year zero

PCCP PW for Future Rehabilitation Work (2nd Contractor)
Age in Years Rehab. Cost $ Present Worth Cost $
8Reseal the Joint276,567.00$202,084.80
16Reseal the Joint276,567.00$147,661.38
24Reseal the Joint276,567.00$107,894.73
30Mill and Functional Overlay6,196,602.00$1,910,528.07
33Joint/Crack Seal287,204.00$78,720.94
36Joint/Crack Seal287,204.00$69,982.63
39Joint/Crack Seal287,204.00$62,214.30
42Mill and Resurface2,992,649.00$576,309.17
45Joint/Crack Seal287,204.00$49,168.87
48Joint/Crack Seal287,204.00$43,710.95
Total PCCP PW Cost $3,248,275.85

PW = F [1/(1+i)n]

Where: F = Future Construction Cost
i = Discount rate (4%)
n = Number of years from year zero

PCCP PW for Future Rehabilitation Work (3rd Contractor)
Age in Years Rehab. Cost $ Present Worth Cost $
8Reseal the Joint454,740.00$332,274.06
16Reseal the Joint454,740.00$242,789.40
24Reseal the Joint454,740.00$177,403.84
30Mill and Functional Overlay6,079,236.00$1,874,341.95
33Joint/Crack Seal287,204.00$78,720.94
36Joint/Crack Seal287,204.00$69,982.63
39Joint/Crack Seal287,204.00$62,214.30
42Mill and Resurface2,975,935.00$573,090.48
45Joint/Crack Seal287,204.00$49,168.87
48Joint/Crack Seal287,204.00$43,710.95
Total PCCP PW Cost $3,503,697.42

PW = F [1/(1+i)n]

Where: F = Future Construction Cost
i = Discount rate (4%)
n = Number of years from year zero

Total Cost (INDOT)
Total Cost Alternative 1: 11 inches PCCP Alternative 2: 13 inches HMA
Agency Cost ($1000) User Cost ($1000) Agency Cost ($1000) User Cost ($1000)
Undiscounted Sum $11,352.88 $0.00 $12,979.15 $0.00
Present Value $3,219.68 $0.00 $5,276.98 $0.00
EUAC $149.88 $0.00 $245.64 $0.00
Lowest Present Value Agency Cost Alternative 1: 11 inches PCCP
Lowest Present Value User Cost Alternative 1: 11 inches PCCP
Expenditure Stream
YearAlternative 1: 11 inches PCCPAlternative 2: 13 inches HMA
Agency Cost ($1000) User Cost ($1000)Agency Cost ($1000)User Cost ($1000)
0
1
2
3$287.20
4
5
6$287.20
7
8$276.57
9$287.20
10
11
12$287.20
13
14
15$287.20
16$276.57
17
18$287.20
19
20$6,055.98
21
22
23$287.20
24$276.57
25
26$287.20
27
28
29$287.20
30$6,119.40
31
32$287.20
33$287.20
34
35$2,902.31
36$287.20
37
38$287.20
39$287.20
40
41$287.20
42$2,967.75
43
44$287.20
45$287.20
46
47$287.20
48$287.20
49
50
Total Cost (1st Contractor)
Total Cost Alternative 1: 11 inches PCCP Alternative 2:
Agency Cost ($1000) User Cost ($1000) Agency Cost ($1000) User Cost ($1000)
Undiscounted Sum $10,975.11 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00
Present Value $3,180.58 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00
EUAC $148.06 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00
Lowest Present Value Agency Cost Alternative 2:
Lowest Present Value User Cost Alternative 1: 11 inches PCCP
Expenditure Stream
YearAlternative 1: 11 inches PCCPAlternative 2:
Agency Cost ($1000)User Cost ($1000)Agency Cost ($1000)User Cost ($1000)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8$319.12
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16$319.12
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24$319.12
25
26
27
28
29
30$6,092.66
31
32
33$191.47
34
35
36$191.47
37
38
39$191.47
40
41
42$2,967.75
43
44
45$191.47
46
47
48$191.47
49
50
Total Cost (2nd Contractor)
Total CostAlternative 1: 10 inches PCCPAlternative 2:
Agency Cost ($1000) User Cost ($1000)Agency Cost ($1000)User Cost ($1000)
Undiscounted Sum $11,454.97 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00
Present Value $3,248.28 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00
EUAC $151.21 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00
Lowest Present Value Agency Cost Alternative 2:
Lowest Present Value User Cost Alternative 1: 10 inches PCCP
Expenditure Stream
YearAlternative 1: 10 inches PCCPAlternative 2:
Agency Cost ($1000)User Cost ($1000)Agency Cost ($1000)User Cost ($1000)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8$276.57
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16$276.57
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24$276.57
25
26
27
28
29
30$6,196.60
31
32
33$287.20
34
35
36$287.20
37
38
39$287.20
40
41
42$2,992.65
43
44
45$287.20
46
47
48$287.20
49
50
Total Cost (3rd Contractor)
Total Cost Alternative 1: 10 inches PCCP Alternative 2:
Agency Cost ($1000) User Cost ($1000) Agency Cost ($1000) User Cost ($1000)
Undiscounted Sum $11,855.41 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00
Present Value $3,503.70 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00
  $163.10 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00
Lowest Present Value Agency Cost Alternative 2:
Lowest Present Value User Cost Alternative 1: 10 inches PCCP
Expenditure Stream
YearAlternative 1: 10 inches PCCPAlternative 2:
Agency Cost ($1000)User Cost ($1000)Agency Cost ($1000)User Cost ($1000)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8$454.74
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16$454.74
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24$454.74
25
26
27
28
29
30$6,079.24
31
32
33$287.20
34
35
36$287.20
37
38
39$287.20
40
41
42$2,975.94
43
44
45$287.20
46
47
48$287.20
49
50
Updated: 07/25/2017
Federal Highway Administration | 1200 New Jersey Avenue, SE | Washington, DC 20590 | 202-366-4000