The results of the white-on-brown legend signs are shown in table 12 and figure 16. These results indicate the minimum luminance required for sign legibility for a given percentage of the older driver subject sample. The data are divided by roadway lighting condition (on or off) and presence of glare (on or off).
Table 17. Minimum MR levels.
| Sign Color |
Sheeting Type (ASTM D4956-11a) |
Additional Criteria |
| Beaded Sheeting |
Prismatic Sheeting |
| I |
II |
III |
III, IV, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X |
| White on green |
W*; G ≥ 7 |
W*; G ≥ 15 |
W*; G ≥ 25 |
W ≥ 250; G ≥ 25 |
Overhead |
| W*; G ≥ 7 |
W ≥ 120; G ≥ 15 |
Ground mounted |
| White on blue |
W*; B ≥ 3 |
W*; B ≥ 5 |
W*; B ≥ 12 |
W ≥ 250; B ≥ 12 |
Overhead |
| W*; B ≥ 3 |
W ≥ 120; B ≥ 7 |
Ground mounted |
| White on brown |
W*; Br ≥ 1 |
W*; Br ≥ 5 |
W*; Br ≥ 10 |
W ≥ 350; Br ≥ 10 |
Overhead |
| W*; Br ≥ 1 |
W ≥ 150; Br ≥ 5 |
Ground mounted |
Black on yellow
or black on orange |
Y*; O* |
Y ≥ 50; O ≥ 50 |
 |
| Y*; O* |
Y ≥ 75; O ≥ 75 |
 |
| White on red |
W ≥ 35; R ≥ 7 |
 |
| Black on white |
W ≥ 50 |
 |
The minimum MR levels shown in this table are in units of cd/lx/m2 measured at an observation angle of 0.2° and an entrance angle of-4.0°.
For text and fine symbol signs measuring at least 1,200 mm (48 inches) and for all sizes of bold symbol signs.
For text and fine symbol signs measuring less than 1,200 mm (48 inches).
Minimum Sign Contrast Ratio ≥ 3:1 (white retroreflectivity ÷ red retroreflectivity).
* This sheeting type should not be used for this color for this application. |
| Bold Symbol Signs |
- W1-1, -2 – Turn and Curve
- W1-3, -4 – Reverse Turn and Curve
- W1-5 – Winding Road
- W1-6, -7 – Large Arrow
- W1-8 – Chevron
- W1-10 – Intersection in Curve
- W1-11 – Hairpin Curve
- W1-15 – 270 Degree Loop
- W2-1 – Cross Road
- W2-2, -3 – Side Road
- W2-4, -5 – T and Y Intersection
- W2-6 – Circular Intersection
|
- W3-1 – Stop Ahead
- W3-2 – Yield Ahead
- W3-3 – Signal Ahead
- W4-1 – Merge
- W4-2 – Lane Ends
- W4-3 – Added Lane
- W4-5 – Entering Roadway Merge
- W4-6 – Entering Roadway Added Lane
- W6-1, -2 – Divided Highway Begins and Ends
- W6-3 – Two-Way Traffic
- W10-1, -2, -3, -4, -11, -12 – Highway-Railroad Advance Warning
|
- W11-2 – Pedestrian Crossing
- W11-3 – Deer Crossing
- W11-4 – Cattle Crossing
- W11-5 – Farm Equipment
- W11-6 – Snowmobile Crossing
- W11-7 – Equestrian Crossing
- W11-8 – Fire Station
- W11-10 – Truck Crossing
- W12-1 – Double Arrow
- W16-5p, -6p, -7p – Pointing Arrow Plaques
- W20-7a – Flagger
- W21-1a – Worker
|
| Fine Symbol Signs – Symbol signs not listed as Bold Symbol Signs. |
| Special Cases |
- W3-1 – Stop Ahead: red retroreflectivity ≥ 7
- W3-2 – Yield Ahead: red retroreflectivity ≥ 7; white retroreflectivity ≥ 35
- W3-3 – Signal Ahead: red retroreflectivity ≥ 7; green retroreflectivity ≥ 7
- W3-5 – Speed Reduction: white retroreflectivity ≥ 50
- For non-diamond-shaped signs such W14-3 (No Passing Zone), W4-4p (Cross Traffic Does Not Stop), or W13-1,
-2, -3, -5 (Speed Advisory Plaques), use largest sign dimension to determine proper minimum retroreflectivity level.
|
