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New questions were added in 2005 to address several aspects of travelers' perceptions about planning and the impact of the transportation system on the environment
Grade |
Overall |
Northeast |
South |
Midwest |
West |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
A |
11% |
11% |
12% |
12% |
11% |
B |
34 |
33 |
31 |
40 |
34 |
C |
34 |
33 |
34 |
34 |
34 |
D / F |
20 |
23 |
24 |
14 |
20 |
Mean |
2.28 |
2.23 |
2.20 |
2.44 |
2.31 |
Grade |
C+ |
C+ |
C+ |
C+ |
C+ |
*Grades based on four-point grade scale where "A" = 4.0-3.85; "A-" = 3.84-3.45"; "B+" = 3.44-3.15; "B" = 3.14-2.85; "B-" =2.84-2.5; "C+" = 2.49-2.15; "C" = 2.14-1.85; "C-" = 1.84-1.5; "D+"= 1.49-1.15; "D" = 1.14-0.85; "D-" = 0.84-0.5;and "F"= 0.4-0.0."
Travelers give the second lowest overall grade for transportation planning.
The lowest grades are given in the South and Northeast. The West receives only a slightly higher than average grade.
In addition to the differences noted regionally, there are differences in ratings for planning among other key segments.
Overall |
Impact on Overall Grade |
|
---|---|---|
Overall satisfaction |
3.31 |
|
Way region is planning for a system to accommodate future needs |
3.33 |
.160 *** |
Degree to which agencies provide information to public |
3.17 |
.159 *** |
Way region is planning for where future land development will occur |
3.29 |
.140 *** |
Way region is planning to growth |
3.30 |
.120 *** |
Coordination of planning activities between regional jurisdictions |
3.42 |
.073 *** |
Coordination of planning activities between local and state agencies |
3.41 |
.073 *** |
Degree to which agencies use public input in planning |
3.18 |
.065 *** |
Coordination of planning activities between state and federal agencies |
3.40 |
.061 |
* Mean based on a 5-point scale where "1" means "very dissatisfied" and "5" means "very satisfied".
** Shown are standardized beta coefficients which indicate amount of effect on the overall grade. For example, if improvements are made to a specific characteristic that results in one scale unit increase in satisfaction with that attribute, the overall grade given will increase by this amount.
*** Significance is determined using regression analysis with overall grade for programs to reduce congestion and improve traffic serving as the dependent variable and the specific attributes related to programs to reduce congestion and improve traffic serving as the independent variables.
Providing better information to the public and planning for a system to accommodate the future would have the greatest impact on the overall grade.
Grade |
Overall |
Northeast |
South |
Midwest |
West |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
A |
16% |
11% |
16% |
16% |
16% |
B |
38 |
39 |
35 |
41 |
39 |
C |
30 |
33 |
29 |
31 |
28 |
D / F |
16 |
17 |
19 |
11 |
14 |
Mean |
2.48 |
2.38 |
2.39 |
2.59 |
2.60 |
Grade |
C+ |
C+ |
C+ |
B- |
B- |
*Grades based on four-point grade scale where "A" = 4.0-3.85; "A-" = 3.84-3.45"; "B+" = 3.44-3.15; "B" = 3.14-2.85; "B-" =2.84-2.5; "C+" = 2.49-2.15; "C" = 2.14-1.85; "C-" = 1.84-1.5; "D+"= 1.49-1.15; "D" = 1.14-0.85; "D-" = 0.84-0.5;and "F"= 0.4-0.0."
Travelers have generally mixed feelings about how effective the system is in minimizing its impact on the environment.
In addition to the differences noted regionally, there are differences in the grades given and satisfaction with key aspects for consideration of the environment among other key segments.
Overall |
Impact on Overall Grade for Efforts to |
|
---|---|---|
Overall satisfaction |
3.65 |
|
Impact on habitats, wetlands |
3.65 |
.282 *** |
Air quality |
3.54 |
.268 *** |
Impact on water quality |
3.68 |
.136 *** |
Impact on noise |
3.75 |
.104 *** |
* Mean based on a 5-point scale where "1" means "very dissatisfied" and "5" means "very satisfied".
** Shown are standardized beta coefficients which indicate amount of effect on the overall grade. For example, if improvements are made to a specific characteristic that results in one scale unit increase in satisfaction with that attribute, the overall grade given will increase by this amount.
*** Significance is determined using regression analysis with overall grade for efforts to minimize impact of system on the environment serving as the dependent variable and the specific attributes related specific aspects of the environment.
The nation should continue to focus on minimizing the impact of the transportation system on air quality.
Finally, questions were added in 2005 to measure travelers' interest in becoming involved in the planning process and the extent to which they feel their input matters.
Respondents were asked the degree to which they agree or disagree with statements about their interest in participating in the transportation planning process and the extent to which they are informed about and know how to participate. Responses were recorded on an 11-point scale where "0" means "strongly disagree" and "10" means "strongly agree."
% Strongly Agree (10) |
% Agree |
Mean |
|
---|---|---|---|
Would attend neighborhood meetings |
19% |
56% |
6.38 |
Would like to be involved in how region plans |
17 |
51 |
6.21 |
Would use the Internet to find information on plans and issues |
20 |
54 |
6.13 |
Would attend city-wide meetings |
15 |
47 |
5.88 |
Know how to become involved in planning |
10 |
32 |
4.92 |
Am well-informed about the decisions being made |
8 |
31 |
4.92 |
* Mean based on 11-point scale where "0" means "strongly disagree" and "10" means "strongly agree."
Travelers are moderately interested in being involved in the transportation planning process.
However, they do not know how to become involved or feel they are well-informed about the decisions that are being made.
Respondents were asked about their satisfaction with the information provided about the future of transportation by their city, state, and federal governments. Responses were given on a five-point scale where "1" means "very dissatisfied" and "5" means "very satisfied." This set of questions was asked of a subset (n = 1,600) of respondents.
% Very Satisfied |
% Somewhat Satisfied |
% Dissatisfied |
Mean * |
|
---|---|---|---|---|
Overall Satisfaction |
3.10 |
|||
City |
18% |
40% |
41% |
3.19 |
State |
16 |
42 |
41 |
3.15 |
Federal government |
12 |
38 |
48 |
2.95 |
Mean based on 5-point scale where "1" means "very dissatisfied" and "5" means "very satisfied."
Travelers have generally neutral opinions on how well government agencies provide information about future transportation plans.
Cities and state governments do better than the federal government.
Finally, respondents were asked to what extent they feel they have an opportunity affect transportation planning and policy decisions. Responses were given on an 11-point scale where "0" means "no opportunity at all" and "10" means "a significant opportunity."
Overall |
Northeast |
South |
Midwest |
West |
|
No opportunity at all (0) |
21% |
24% |
23% |
18% |
17% |
Little opportunity (1 - 3) |
28 |
28 |
26 |
32 |
26 |
In the middle (4 - 6) |
34 |
33 |
32 |
35 |
35 |
Opportunity (7 - 10) |
17 |
16 |
19 |
15 |
23 |
Mean |
3.72 |
3.48 |
3.74 |
3.61 |
4.03 |
Mean based on 5-point scale where "1" means "very dissatisfied" and "5" means "very satisfied."
Travelers feel that have little opportunity to affect transportation planning and policy decisions. More than one out of five (21%) travelers feels they have "no opportunity at all"; an additional 28 percent feel they have little opportunity
Respondents were asked their satisfaction with travel on federal lands. Responses were recorded on a five-point satisfaction scale where "1" means "very dissatisfied" and "5" means "very satisfied."
2000 |
2005 |
|
---|---|---|
Visual appeal |
87% |
98% |
Convenient access to destination |
83 |
95 |
Preservation of natural resources |
83 |
93 |
Traffic flow |
76 |
93 |
Safety of driving conditions |
71 |
94 |
Bridge conditions |
83 |
93 |
Road surface conditions |
71 |
90 |
Amount of congestion |
n.a. |
88 |
Travelers are generally satisfied with their travel on federal and satisfaction has increased from 2000.
Respondents also gave the system an overall grade for travel on federal lands. They gave a letter grade between A meaning excellent and F meaning failing. They could also apply a plus or minus ratings. Grades were then converted to a continuous four-point scale ranging from 0.0 for failing and 4.0 for excellent.
Grade |
Overall |
Northeast |
South |
Midwest |
West |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
A |
36% |
32% |
46% |
31% |
32% |
B |
48 |
49 |
38 |
55 |
51 |
C |
14 |
17 |
14 |
11 |
15 |
D / F |
2 |
2 |
2 |
3 |
2 |
Mean |
3.18 |
3.13 |
3.28 |
3.16 |
3.13 |
Grade |
B+ |
B |
B+ |
B+ |
B |
Travelers on federal lands give generally high grades.
*Grades based on four-point grade scale where "A" = 4.0-3.85; "A-" = 3.84-3.45"; "B+" = 3.44-3.15; "B" = 3.14-2.85; "B-" =2.84-2.5; "C+" = 2.49-2.15; "C" = 2.14-1.85; "C-" = 1.84-1.5; "D+"= 1.49-1.15; "D" = 1.14-0.85; "D-" = 0.84-0.5;and "F"= 0.4-0.0."
Regression analysis was used to determine the extent to which satisfaction with different aspects of travel on federal lands are related to the overall grade travelers give for this travel.
Overall |
Impact on Overall Grade for |
|
---|---|---|
Road surface conditions |
4.23 |
.196 *** |
Safety of driving conditions |
4.36 |
.190 *** |
Visual appeal |
4.57 |
.173 *** |
Preservation of natural resources |
4.38 |
.140 *** |
Traffic flow |
4.38 |
.101 *** |
Amount of congestion |
4.19 |
.062 |
Convenient access to destination |
4.43 |
.053 |
Bridge conditions |
4.34 |
-.036 |
* Mean based on a 5-point scale where "1" means "very dissatisfied" and "5" means "very satisfied".
** Shown are standardized beta coefficients which indicate amount of effect on the overall grade. For example, if improvements are made to a specific characteristic that results in one scale unit increase in satisfaction with that attribute, the overall grade given will increase by this amount.
*** Significance is determined using regression analysis with overall grade for programs to reduce congestion and improve traffic serving as the dependent variable and the specific attributes related to programs to reduce congestion and improve traffic serving as the independent variables.
Improving the condition of the road surface and improving the general safety of the driving conditions would have the greatest impact on the overall grade given for travel on federal lands.
A primary objective of this study was to translate the results into a set of Strategic Imperatives - concrete strategies for improvement that federal and state highway agencies could apply to further improve the traveling public's satisfaction with the transportation system. Looking at what is important to travelers and the extent to which the system currently delivers what is important can identify these Strategic Imperatives.
To accomplish these objectives, a preliminary quadrant analysis was completed to identify overall system strengths and weaknesses. This was done by classifying the perceived importance of different elements of service and the ratings for quality into four quadrants that provide indicators of potential problems and opportunities. They can be used to set priorities for areas that may require attention, as illustrated below:
Importance |
|||
---|---|---|---|
Low |
High |
||
Overall Grades |
Highest |
Priority 4: |
Priority 1: |
Lowest |
Priority 3: |
Priority 2: |
In addition, a diagonal line is drawn through the quadrant from lowest importance / lowest grade to highest importance / highest grade. This line represents the "ideal" match between traveler requirements and system performance. The further the distance from a point to this line suggests the greater the mismatch between traveler requirements and system performance.
However, the distance from customer requirements (as indicated by the distance from the diagonal line) and system performance is significant. This would suggest that while a system strength, additional resources should continue to be devoted to not only maintaining but further improving system performance. In addition, there is an opportunity for the Safety Program Office to communicate what is being done to improve safety. This would make people aware of what programs actually exist and potentially improve their perceptions of actual performance.
Efforts / programs to improve safety are potentially a greater problem in the West.
Other critical weaknesses include:
The system's current strengths are bridge conditions and management of work zones.
Overall safety and safety programs are also strengths although continued efforts are needed here.
Pavement conditions and planning for the future of transportation are the system's most critical weaknesses
The analysis throughout has shown that there are clear differences in ratings - both the importance of different aspects of the system and the grades given to the system - by region. The following tables show the quadrant analyses for the four different census regions.
Northeast |
Highest Grades |
Secondary Strengths |
Primary Strengths Maintain / Improve Current Level of Service |
---|---|---|---|
|
|
||
Lowest |
Potential Weaknesses Improve if Resources are Available |
Critical Weaknesses Invest Immediately to Improve |
|
|
|
||
Lower Importance |
Greater Importance |
South |
Highest Grades |
Secondary Strengths Maintain Current Level of Service / Targeted Improvements |
Primary Strengths Maintain / Improve Current Level of Service |
---|---|---|---|
|
|
||
Lowest |
Potential Weaknesses Improve if Resources are Available |
Critical Weaknesses Invest Immediately to Improve |
|
|
|
||
Lower Importance |
Greater Importance |
Midwest |
Highest Grades |
Secondary Strengths Maintain Current Level of Service / Targeted Improvements |
Primary Strengths Maintain / Improve Current Level of Service |
---|---|---|---|
|
|
||
Lowest |
Potential Weaknesses Improve if Resources are Available |
Critical Weaknesses Invest Immediately to Improve |
|
|
|
||
Lower Importance |
Greater Importance |
West |
Highest Grades |
Secondary Strengths Maintain Current Level of Service / Targeted Improvements |
Primary Strengths Maintain / Improve Current Level of Service |
---|---|---|---|
|
|
||
Lowest |
Potential Weaknesses Improve if Resources are Available |
Critical Weaknesses Invest Immediately to Improve |
|
|
|
||
Lower Importance |
Greater Importance |
A second stage of the analysis sought to identify specific areas of strength and weakness within each major attribute of the system. This entailed a two-step process.
The following table summarizes the results of this analysis.
More Satisfied |
Secondary Strengths Maintain Current Level of Service / Targeted Improvements |
Primary Strengths Maintain / Improve Current Level of Service |
---|---|---|
|
|
|
Less Satisfied |
Potential Weaknesses Improve if Resources are Available |
Critical Weaknesses Invest Immediately to Improve |
|
|
|
Lower Impact of Grade |
Highest Impact on Grades |
OVERALL SYSTEM PRIMARY STRENGTHS |
SETUP OF WORK ZONES |
More Satisfied |
Secondary Strengths Maintain Current Level of Service / Targeted Improvements |
Primary Strengths Maintain / Improve Current Level of Service |
---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|||
Less Satisfied |
Potential Weaknesses Improve if Resources are Available |
Critical Weaknesses Invest Immediately to Improve |
||
|
|
|||
Lower Impact of Grade |
Highest Impact on Grades |
|||
BRIDGE CONDITIONS |
More Satisfied |
Secondary Strengths Maintain Current Level of Service / Targeted Improvements |
Primary Strengths Maintain / Improve Current Level of Service |
|
|
|
|||
Less Satisfied |
Potential Weaknesses Improve if Resources are Available |
Critical Weaknesses Invest Immediately to Improve |
||
|
|
|||
Lower Impact of Grade |
Highest Impact on Grades |
|||
SAFETY |
More Satisfied |
Secondary Strengths Maintain Current Level of Service / Targeted Improvements |
Primary Strengths Maintain / Improve Current Level of Service |
|
|
|
|||
Less Satisfied |
Potential Weaknesses Improve if Resources are Available |
Critical Weaknesses Invest Immediately to Improve |
||
|
|
|||
Lower Impact of Grade |
Highest Impact on Grades |
OVERALL SYSTEM CRITICAL WEAKNESSES |
PAVEMENT CONDITIONS |
More Satisfied |
Secondary Strengths Maintain Current Level of Service / Targeted Improvements |
Primary Strengths Maintain / Improve Current Level of Service |
---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|||
Less Satisfied |
Potential Weaknesses Improve if Resources are Available |
Critical Weaknesses Invest Immediately to Improve |
||
|
|
|||
Lower Impact of Grade |
Highest Impact on Grades |
|||
PLANNING FOR THE FUTURE |
More Satisfied |
Secondary Strengths Maintain Current Level of Service / Targeted Improvements |
Primary Strengths Maintain / Improve Current Level of Service |
|
|
|
|||
Less Satisfied |
Potential Weaknesses Improve if Resources are Available |
Critical Weaknesses Invest Immediately to Improve |
||
|
|
|||
Lower Impact of Grade |
Highest Impact on Grades |
OVERALL SYSTEM CRITICAL WEAKNESSES |
PEDESTRIAN SAFETY AND MOBILITY |
More Satisfied |
Secondary Strengths Maintain Current Level of Service / Targeted Improvements |
Primary Strengths Maintain / Improve Current Level of Service |
---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|||
Less Satisfied |
Potential Weaknesses Improve if Resources are Available |
Critical Weaknesses Invest Immediately to Improve |
||
|
|
|||
Lower Impact of Grade |
Highest Impact on Grades |
|||
REDUCING CONGESTION / IMPROVING TRAFFIC FLOW |
More Satisfied |
Secondary Strengths Maintain Current Level of Service / Targeted Improvements |
Primary Strengths Maintain / Improve Current Level of Service |
|
|
|
|||
Less Satisfied |
Potential Weaknesses Improve if Resources are Available |
Critical Weaknesses Invest Immediately to Improve |
||
|
|
|||
Lower Impact of Grade |
Highest Impact on Grades |
OVERALL SYSTEM POTENTIAL WEAKNESSES |
DELAYS FROM ROAD WORK |
More Satisfied |
Secondary Strengths Maintain Current Level of Service / Targeted Improvements |
Primary Strengths Maintain / Improve Current Level of Service |
---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|||
Less Satisfied |
Potential Weaknesses Improve if Resources are Available |
Critical Weaknesses Invest Immediately to Improve |
||
|
|
|||
Lower Impact of Grade |
Highest Impact on Grades |
|||
BICYCLE SAFETY AND MOBILITY |
More Satisfied |
Secondary Strengths Maintain Current Level of Service / Targeted Improvements |
Primary Strengths Maintain / Improve Current Level of Service |
|
|
|
|||
Less Satisfied |
Potential Weaknesses Improve if Resources are Available |
Critical Weaknesses Invest Immediately to Improve |
||
|
|
|||
Lower Impact of Grade |
Highest Impact on Grades |
OVERALL SYSTEM SECONDARY STRENGTHS |
VISUAL APPEAL |
More Satisfied |
Secondary Strengths Maintain Current Level of Service / Targeted Improvements |
Primary Strengths Maintain / Improve Current Level of Service |
---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|||
Less Satisfied |
Potential Weaknesses Improve if Resources are Available |
Critical Weaknesses Invest Immediately to Improve |
||
|
|
|||
Lower Impact of Grade |
Highest Impact on Grades |
|||
TRAVELER INFORMATION |
More Satisfied |
Secondary Strengths Maintain Current Level of Service / Targeted Improvements |
Primary Strengths Maintain / Improve Current Level of Service |
|
|
|
|||
Less Satisfied |
Potential Weaknesses Improve if Resources are Available |
Critical Weaknesses Invest Immediately to Improve |
||
|
|
|||
Lower Impact of Grade |
Highest Impact on Grades |
|||
AMENITIES |
More Satisfied |
Secondary Strengths Maintain Current Level of Service / Targeted Improvements |
Primary Strengths Maintain / Improve Current Level of Service |
|
|
|
|||
Less Satisfied |
Potential Weaknesses Improve if Resources are Available |
Critical Weaknesses Invest Immediately to Improve |
||
|
|
|||
Lower Impact of Grade |
Highest Impact on Grades |
OVERALL SYSTEM SECONDARY STRENGTHS (continued) | MAINTENANCE RESPONSE TIMES |
More Satisfied |
Secondary Strengths Maintain Current Level of Service / Targeted Improvements |
Primary Strengths Maintain / Improve Current Level of Service |
---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|||
Less |
Potential Weaknesses Improve if Resources are Available |
Critical Weaknesses Invest Immediately to Improve |
||
|
|
|||
Lower Impact of Grade |
Highest Impact on Grades |
|||
CONSIDERATION FOR THE ENVIRONMENT |
More Satisfied |
Secondary Strengths Maintain Current Level of Service / Targeted Improvements |
Primary Strengths Maintain / Improve Current Level of Service |
|
|
|
|||
Less Satisfied |
Potential Weaknesses Improve if Resources are Available |
Critical Weaknesses Invest Immediately to Improve |
||
|
|
|||
Lower Impact of Grade |
Highest Impact on Grades |