Design

Manual for Controlling and Reducing the Frequency of Pavement Utility Cuts

• Notice
• Preface
• Excecutive Summary
• Chapter 1 Introduction
  • 1.1 Background
  • 1.2 Objectives of Manual
  • 1.3 Examples of Existing Problem
  • 1.4 Impacts of Pavement Utility Cuts
  • 1.5 Background of 1996 Telecommunications Act
  • 1.5.1 Section 253
  • 1.5.2 Court Actions
  • 1.5.3 FCC Actions
  • 1.5.4 State and Local Efforts
  • 1.6 Overview of Methods
  • 1.6.1 Implementation of Policy
  • 1.6.2 Integration of Technology
• Chapter 2 Discussion of the Problem
  • 2.1 Degradation of National and Local Infrastructure
  • 2.1.1 Untimely Pavement Deterioration
  • 2.1.2 Congestion of Utilities
  • 2.2 Public Impacts
  • 2.2.1 Public Perception
  • 2.2.2 Traffic Delay
  • 2.2.3 Local Business
  • 2.2.4 User Costs
  • 2.2.5 Air Quality
  • 2.2.6 Untimely Pavement Deterioration
• Chapter 3 Controlling Pavement Cuts by Implementing Policy
  • 3.1 Definitions
  • 3.2 Legislative Issues Regarding Policy Implementation
  • 3.2.1 Federal - 1996 Telecommunications Act
  • 3.2.2 At the State Level - Right of Way Compensation and Regulatory Limitations
  • 3.2.3 At the Local Level - Right of Way Compensation and Regulatory Ordinances
  • 3.3 Types of Policies
  • 3.3.1 Incentive-Based Policies
  • 3.3.2 Fee-Based Policies
  • 3.3.3 Requirement-Based Policies
  • 3.4 Survey of the State of Practice
  • 3.4.1 Franchise/Permitting Process
  • 3.4.2 Franchise/Model Agreements
  • 3.4.3 Franchise Agreement Requirements for ROW Access
  • 3.4.4 Permit Required Before Access
  • 3.4.5 Underground Conduit Owned
  • 3.4.6 License Fee Assessments
  • 3.4.7 Jurisdiction Tax Revenues
  • 3.4.8 Cell Tower Construction
  • 3.4.9 Antenna Attachments
  • 3.4.10 Trenchless Technology Use
  • 3.4.11 ROW Management Systems Used
  • 3.4.12 Use of Jurisdiction-Owned Land
  • 3.5 Additional Policies
  • 3.5.1 GIS Implementation
  • 3.5.2 Cut Repair Warranties
  • 3.5.3 Automated Permit System
  • 3.6 Implementation
  • 3.6.1 Franchise and Permitting Procedures
  • 3.6.2 Methods for Developing Level of Fees
  • 3.6.3 Model Ordinances (Rulemaking Documents)
  • 3.6.4 Summary
• Chapter 4 Reducing Pavement Cuts by Integrating Technology
  • 4.1 Available Technology
  • 4.1.1 Horizontal Directional Drilling (or Guided Boring)
  • 4.1.2 Boring
  • 4.1.3 Pipe Jacking and Microtunneling
  • 4.1.4 Impact Moling and Ramming
  • 4.1.5 Pipe Bursting
  • 4.2 Summary of Methods
  • 4.2.1 Finding the Appropriate Method
  • 4.2.2 Advantages and Limitations
  • 4.2.3 Potential Impacts
  • 4.2.4 Cost and Cost Analysis
  • 4.2.5 Safety
  • 4.2.6 Project Planning
  • 4.3 Subsurface Utility Engineering
  • 4.3.1 What is SUE?
  • 4.3.2 Benefits of SUE
  • 4.3.3 Case Studies
  • 4.4 Survey Results and Informal Interviews
  • 4.4.1 Survey Results
  • 4.4.2 Informal Interviews
  • 4.5 Other Technologies and Methods
• Chapter 5 Conclusions and Recommendations

Appendix A. Sample Degradatation Fee Calculation

Appendix B. Model Ordinanaces

appendix C. Sample Trenchless Technology Specifications

Appendix D. Utility Excavation Control Checklist

Appendix E. Survey REsponses

References

Bibliography

LIST OF FIGURES

• Figure 1. Drilling the Pilot Bore.⁽²⁰⁾
• Figure 2. Backreaming and Pulling the Pipe.⁽²⁰⁾
• Figure 3. Surface-Launched HDD Rig (Courtesy of Purdue University)
• Figure 4. General HDD Drill Head Assembly.⁽²¹⁾
• Figure 5. Towing Heads for Directional Drilling Applications.⁽²⁰⁾
• Figure 6. Typical Auger Boring Operation.⁽¹⁷⁾
• Figure 7. Track-Type Auger Boring Operation (Courtesy of Purdue University)
• Figure 8. Cradle-Type Auger Boring System.⁽¹⁷⁾
• Figure 9. Various Pipe Jacking Excavation Techniques.⁽¹⁷⁾
• Figure 10. Pipe Jacking Setup.⁽¹⁷⁾
• Figure 11. Typical Microtunneling Setup.⁽¹⁷⁾
• Figure 12. Typical Impact Moling Operation.⁽²⁰⁾
• Figure 13. Impact Moling Process.⁽¹⁷⁾
• Figure 14. Pipe Ramming Entry Pit.⁽²⁰⁾
• Figure 15. Stepped Cone Impact Moling Head Emerging at the Reception Pit.⁽²⁰⁾
• Figure 16. Typical Pipe Ramming Setup and Process.⁽¹⁷⁾
• Figure 17. Pipe Bursting Mechanism.⁽²⁰⁾
• Figure 18. Standard Pipe Bursting Head.⁽¹⁸⁾
• Figure 19. On-Line Replacement by Pipe Bursting.⁽²⁰⁾
• Figure 20. Break-Even Depth for Trenchless Methods in Sewer Construction.⁽³³⁾

LIST OF TABLES

• Table 1. Examples of In-Kind Goods and Services
• Table 2. Utility Users of Public Rights-of-Way
• Table 3. Rights-of-Way Assessment
• Table 4. Gross Revenues from Rights-of-Way Fees
• Table 5. Survey of Selected Cities
• Table 6. Initial States Selected for Fees Survey
• Table 7. ROW Practices and Trenchless Technology Usage Survey Respondents
• Table 8. Assessment of Franchise Fees by State
• Table 9. Cell Tower Construction in State ROW
• Table 10. Application Options
• Table 11. Comparison of Main Features of Typical Maxi-, Midi-, and Mini-HDD Systems.⁽¹⁷⁾
• Table 12. Typical Ranges for Auger and Slurry Boring Systems
• Table 13. Comparison of Pipe Jacking and Microtunneling Features.⁽²⁵⁾
• Table 14. Appropriate Techniques for New Installation.⁽¹⁸⁾
• Table 15. Appropriate Techniques for Online Replacement.⁽¹⁸⁾
• Table 16. Appropriate Techniques for Renovation.⁽¹⁸⁾
• Table 17. Appropriate Techniques for Repair and Maintenance.⁽¹⁸⁾
• Table 18. Range of Application for New Construction.⁽¹⁷⁾