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Long-Term Pavement Performance Program Manual for Falling Weight Deflectometer Measurements
Appendix C: Unit Conversions for Common FWD-Related Measurements
| Deflection |
|---|
| mils (inch * 10-3) | microns (meter * 10-6) |
|---|
| 16 | 406 |
| 24 | 610 |
| 80 | 2032 |
| microns = mils * 25.4 |
| Load |
|---|
| kips (pound * 103) | kN (Newton * 103) | kPa (Pascal * 103)(for 300 mm diameter plate) |
|---|
| 6 (5.4 to 6.6) | 26.7 (24.0 to 29.4) | 378 (340 to 416) |
| 9 (8.1 to 9.9) | 40.0 (36.0 to 44.0) | 566 (509 to 662) |
| 12 (10.8 to 13.2) | 53.4 (48.1 to 58.7) | 755 (680 to 830) |
| 16 (14.4 to 17.6) | 71.2 (64.1 to 78.3) | 1007 (907 to 1108) |
| kN = kip * 4.448 | |
| | kPa = kN * 14.15
(for 300 mm-diameter (11.81-inch) plate only) |
| Temperature |
|---|
| Fahrenheit | Celsius |
|---|
| 0 | -17.8 |
| 32 | 0 |
| 70 | 21.1 |
| 100 | 37.8 |
| °C = (°F − 32) * 5/9 |
| Distance |
|---|
| feet | meters |
|---|
| 12 | 3.66 |
| 14 | 4.27 |
| 25 | 7.62 |
| 50 | 15.2 |
| 100 | 30.4 |
| 500 | 152.4 |
| 1000 | 304.8 |
| meters = feet * 0.3048 |
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