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High-Performance Concretes

A State-of-Art Report (1989-1994)

Paul Zia, Shuaib Ahmad, and Michael Leming

CONTENTS

• ABSTRACT

• ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

• EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1. INTRODUCTION
   • 1.1 Background
   • 1.2 Definition of High Performance Concrete (HPC)
   • 1.3 Scope
   • 1.4 Organization of Report
   • 1.5 References
2. MATERIALS AND PRODUCTION
   • 2.1 Introduction
   • 2.2 Raw Materials and Proportions
     • 2.2.1 New Materials
     • 2.2.2 Review of Other Selected Raw Materials
     • 2.2.3 Proportioning Methods
     • 2.2.4 Air Entrainment
     • 2.2.5 Other Types of HPC
   • 2.3 Production Considerations
   • 2.4 Fiber Reinforced Concrete
   • 2.5 References
3. BEHAVIOR OF FRESH CONCRETE
   • 3.1 Introduction
   • 3.2 Workability
   • 3.3 Setting Time
   • 3.4 Curing
   • 3.5 Testing
   • 3.6 References
4. BEHAVIOR OF HARDENED CONCRETE
   • 4.1 Strength
     • 4.1.1 Constituent Materials and Mix Proportions
     • 4.1.2 Strength Development and Curing Temperature
     • 4.1.3 Compressive Strength
     • 4.1.4 Tensile Strength
     • 4.1.5 Bond
   • 4.2 Deformation
     • 4.2.1 Static and Dynamic Elastic Modulus
     • 4.2.2 Strain Capacity
     • 4.2.3 Poisson's Ratio
     • 4.2.4 Shrinkage and Creep
     • 4.2.5 Thermal Properties
   • 4.3 Fatigue
   • 4.4 Durability
     • 4.4.1 Porosity and Permeability
     • 4.4.2 Freeze-Thaw
     • 4.4.3 Scaling
     • 4.4.4 Abrasion
   • 4.5 High Early Strength Effects
   • 4.6 Interrelationships of Properties
   • 4.7 References
5. BEHAVIOR OF FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE
   • 5.1 Introduction
   • 5.2 Discrete Fiber-Reinforced Concrete
     • 5.2.1 Strength
     • 5.2.2 Deformations
     • 5.2.3 Fatigue
     • 5.2.4 Durability
     • 5.2.5 Applications for Pavements
   • 5.3 Continuous Fiber-Reinforced Concrete
     • 5.3.1 Constituent Materials
     • 5.3.2 Physical and Mechanical Properties
     • 5.3.3 Field Applications
   • 5.4 References
6. APPLICATIONS OF HIGH PERFORMANCE CONCRETE
   • 6.1 Pavements
     • 6.1.1 Pavement Repairs for Early Opening to Traffic
     • 6.1.2 Bridge Deck Overlays
     • 6.1.3 Special Applications and Other Developments
   • 6.2 Bridges
     • 6.2.1 Japan
     • 6.2.2 France
     • 6.2.3 Norway
     • 6.2.4 Denmark
     • 6.2.5 Germany
     • 6.2.6 Canada
     • 6.2.7 United States
   • 6.3 References
7. RECENT ACTIVITIES OF ORGANIZED PROGRAMS ON HPC
   • 7.1 Introduction
   • 7.2 Canada
   • 7.3 China
   • 7.4 Denmark
   • 7.5 France
   • 7.6 Japan
   • 7.7 Norway
   • 7.8 Sweden
   • 7.9 United States
     • 7.9.1 ACBM
     • 7.9.2 SHRP
     • 7.9.3 NIST
     • 7.9.4 FHWA
     • 7.9.5 WES
     • 7.9.6 Other Organizations
   • 7.10 References
8. CONCLUSIONS