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Maintaining Traffic Sign Retroreflectivity: Impacts on State and Local Agencies

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References

1. Notice of Proposed Amendments to the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices for Streets and Highways, Federal Register Volume 69, Number 146, Pages 45623-45631, July 30, 2004.
2. Opiela, K.S., C.K. Andersen, and G. Schertz. "Driving After Dark." Public Roads, Volume 66, Number 4, Pages 22-25, Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C., Jan/Feb, 2003.
3. Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices. 2003 Edition, Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C., November 2003.
4. United States Department of Transporation and Related Agencies Appropriations Act of 1993, Public Law 102-388, 106 Stat. 1520, Section 406, October 6, 1992.
5. Paniati, J.F. and D.J. Mace. "Minimum Retroreflectivity Requirements for Traffic Signs." FHWA RD-93-077, Federal Highway Administration, Washington, DC, October 1993.
6. McGee, H.W. and S. Taori. "Impacts on State and Local Agencies for Maintaining Traffic Signs within Minimum Retroreflectivity Guidelines." FHWA-RD-97-053, Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C., April 1998.
7. Carlson, P.J. and H.G. Hawkins. "Minimum Retroreflectivity Levels for Overhead Guide Signs and Street Name Signs." FHWA-RD-03-082, Federal Highway Administration, Washington, DC, December 2003.
8. Highway Statistics 2005, U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Washington, DC, https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policy/ohim/hs05/index.htm.
9. Hawkins, H.G., P.J. Carlson, G. Schertz and K.S. Opiela. "Workshops on Nighttime Visibility of Traffic Sign: Summary of Workshop Findings." FHWA-SA-03-002, Washington, DC, February 2003.
10. Supplemental Notice of Proposed Amendments to the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices for Streets and Highways, Federal Register Volume 71, Number 88, Pages 26711-26721, May 8, 2006.
11. ASTM International. Standard Specification for Retroreflective Sheeting for Traffic Control, ASTM D4956-05. West Conshohocken, PA, August 2005.
12. McGee, H. W. and J.F. Paniati. "An Implementation Guide for Minimum Retroreflectivity Requirements for Traffic Signs." FHWA-RD-97-052, Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C., April 1998.
13. McGee, H.W.; et al. "Implementation Strategies for Sign Retroreflectivity Standards," NCHRP Report 346, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington, DC, 1992.
14. Hawkins, H.G. and P.J. Carlson. "Sign Retroreflectivity - Comparing Results of Nighttime Visual Inspections with Application of Minimum Retroreflectivity Values." Transportation Research Record 1754, Pages 11-20. Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington, DC, 2002.
15. Bischoff, A. and D. Bullock. "Sign Retroreflectivity Study." Report No. FHWA/IN/JTRP-2002/22, Indiana Department of Transportation, Indianapolis, IN, December 2002.
16. S.C. Vereen, J.E. Hummer and W.J. Rasdorf. "A Sign Inventory Study to Assess and Control Liability and Cost." Report No. FHWA/NC/2002-17, North Carolina Department of Transportation, Raleigh, NC, August 2002.

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