Development of a Speeding-Related Crash Typology
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RESULTS FOR SINGLE-VARIABLE ANALYSES
Who is More Likely To Be Involved In SR Crashes
In this section, driver and vehicle variables in SR crashes were examined. Note that while the previously shown tables were based on counts of crashes, these tables focus on counts of drivers or vehicles in crashes to correctly capture situations in which a crash includes a speeding and a nonspeeding driver. The percentage of SR crashes are examined by driver age, driver gender, restraint use, driver distraction, driver physical impairment, driver alcohol use, driver drug use, prior speeding convictions, driver license restriction compliance, vehicle type, and hazardous cargo.
Driver Age
Driver Gender
Restraint Use
Driver Distraction
Driver Physical Impairment
Driver Alcohol Use
Driver Drug Use
Prior Speeding Convictions
Driver License Restriction Compliance
Vehicle Type
Hazardous Cargo
Driver Age
Table 57. Frequency and number/percentage of SR crashes regarding driver age.
Driver Age (Years) |
FARS |
GES |
All Crashes |
SR Crashes |
All Crashes |
SR Crashes |
n |
n |
Percent |
n |
n |
Percent |
16-19 |
5,523 |
1,868 |
33.82 |
1,267,554 |
241,674 |
19.07 |
20-25 |
9,272 |
2,959 |
31.91 |
1,729,591 |
255,737 |
14.79 |
26-35 |
10,781 |
2,510 |
23.28 |
2,055,135 |
230,252 |
11.20 |
36-50 |
15,321 |
2,534 |
16.54 |
2,735,097 |
260,753 |
9.53 |
51-70 |
11,264 |
1,321 |
11.73 |
1,782,612 |
127,775 |
7.17 |
71+ |
4,513 |
407 |
9.02 |
775,128 |
89,141 |
11.50 |
Unknown |
46 |
13 |
28.26 |
436 |
364 |
83.49 |
Total |
56,720 |
11,612 |
20.47 |
10,345,553 |
1,205,696 |
11.65 |
Note: n represents frequency of crashes. |
Table 58. Frequency and number/percentage of SR crashes regarding driver age in North Carolina.
Driver Age (Years) |
Over Speed Limit |
Too Fast for Conditions |
Total SR |
Not SR |
Total |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
16-19 |
3,122 |
3.77 |
9,449 |
11.40 |
12,571 |
15.16 |
70,338 |
84.84 |
82,909 |
100.00 |
20-25 |
3,423 |
2.83 |
11,595 |
9.60 |
15,018 |
12.43 |
105,820 |
87.57 |
120,838 |
100.00 |
26-35 |
2,550 |
1.68 |
10,997 |
7.26 |
13,547 |
8.94 |
137,991 |
91.06 |
151,538 |
100.00 |
36-50 |
1,867 |
1.02 |
10,196 |
5.59 |
12,063 |
6.61 |
170,297 |
93.39 |
182,360 |
100.00 |
51-70 |
565 |
0.50 |
4,487 |
3.93 |
5,052 |
4.43 |
109,030 |
95.57 |
114,082 |
100.00 |
71+ |
63 |
0.22 |
562 |
1.98 |
625 |
2.21 |
27,706 |
97.79 |
28,331 |
100.00 |
Unknown |
1,295 |
5.60 |
3,055 |
13.21 |
4,350 |
18.80 |
18,783 |
81.20 |
23,133 |
100.00 |
Total |
12,885 |
1.83 |
50,341 |
7.16 |
63,226 |
8.99 |
639,965 |
91.01 |
703,191 |
100.00 |
Note: n represents frequency of crashes. |
Table 59. Frequency and number/percentage of SR crashes regarding driver age in Ohio.
Driver Age (Years) |
Over Speed Limit |
Too Fast for Conditions |
Total SR |
Not SR |
Total |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
16-19 |
5,693 |
6.51 |
3,589 |
4.11 |
9,282 |
10.62 |
78,145 |
89.38 |
87,427 |
100.00 |
20-25 |
7,772 |
6.41 |
4,671 |
3.85 |
12,443 |
10.26 |
108,886 |
89.74 |
121,329 |
100.00 |
26-35 |
6,528 |
4.41 |
4,499 |
3.04 |
11,027 |
7.46 |
136,877 |
92.54 |
147,904 |
100.00 |
36-50 |
6,608 |
3.07 |
5,129 |
2.38 |
11,737 |
5.45 |
203,745 |
94.55 |
215,482 |
100.00 |
51-70 |
3,407 |
2.35 |
2,791 |
1.93 |
6,198 |
4.28 |
138,607 |
95.72 |
144,805 |
100.00 |
71+ |
662 |
1.81 |
371 |
1.01 |
1,033 |
2.82 |
35,632 |
97.18 |
36,665 |
100.00 |
Unknown |
2,213 |
7.84 |
356 |
1.26 |
2,569 |
9.10 |
25,675 |
90.90 |
28,244 |
100.00 |
Total |
32,883 |
4.21 |
21,406 |
2.74 |
54,289 |
6.94 |
727,567 |
93.06 |
781,856 |
100.00 |
Note: n represents frequency of crashes. |
Regardless of database or SR definition used, the percentage of SR crashes was highest for the youngest drivers (i.e., 16–19 years old) and decreased with age (see table 57 through table 59). It should be noted, however, that the 20–25–year–old category was also consistently higher than the categories with older drivers.
Top
Driver Gender
Table 60. Frequency and number/percentage of SR crashes regarding driver gender.
Driver Gender |
FARS |
GES |
All Crashes |
SR Crashes |
All Crashes |
SR Crashes |
n |
n |
Percent |
n |
n |
Percent |
Male |
41,742 |
9,405 |
22.53 |
5,870,675 |
736,951 |
12.55 |
Female |
14,578 |
2,114 |
14.50 |
4,312,121 |
436,702 |
10.13 |
Unknown |
400 |
93 |
23.25 |
162,758 |
32,043 |
19.69 |
Total |
56,720 |
11,612 |
20.47 |
10,345,554 |
1,205,696 |
11.65 |
Note: n represents frequency of crashes. |
Table 61. Frequency and number/percentage of SR crashes regarding driver gender in North Carolina.
Driver Gender |
Over Speed Limit |
Too Fast for Conditions |
Total SR |
Not SR |
Total |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
Male |
8,709 |
2.20 |
30,417 |
7.67 |
39,126 |
9.87 |
357,240 |
90.13 |
396,366 |
100.00 |
Female |
2,882 |
1.02 |
16,884 |
5.95 |
19,766 |
6.97 |
263,933 |
93.03 |
283,699 |
100.00 |
Unknown |
1,294 |
5.60 |
3,040 |
13.15 |
4,334 |
18.74 |
18,792 |
81.26 |
23,126 |
100.00 |
Total |
12,885 |
1.83 |
50,341 |
7.16 |
63,226 |
8.99 |
639,965 |
91.01 |
703,191 |
100.00 |
Note: n represents frequency of crashes. |
Table 62. Frequency and number/percentage of SR crashes regarding driver gender in Ohio.
Driver Gender |
Over Speed Limit |
Too Fast for Conditions |
Total SR |
Not SR |
Total |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
Male |
20,707 |
4.71 |
12,643 |
2.88 |
33,350 |
7.59 |
405,946 |
92.41 |
439,296 |
100.00 |
Female |
10,080 |
3.21 |
8,397 |
2.67 |
18,477 |
5.88 |
295,516 |
94.12 |
313,993 |
100.00 |
Unknown |
2,096 |
7.34 |
366 |
1.28 |
2,462 |
8.62 |
26,105 |
91.38 |
28,567 |
100.00 |
Total |
32,883 |
4.21 |
21,406 |
2.74 |
54,289 |
6.94 |
727,567 |
93.06 |
781,856 |
100.00 |
Note: n represents frequency of crashes. |
All databases and definitions seen in table 60 through table 62 showed a higher percentage of SR crashes for male drivers versus female drivers, with GES showing the smallest difference.
Top
Restraint Use
Table 63. Frequency and number/percentage of SR crashes regarding driver restraint.
Driver Restraint |
FARS |
GES |
All Crashes |
SR Crashes |
All Crashes |
SR Crashes |
n |
n |
Percent |
n |
n |
Percent |
None used or not available |
17,592 |
5,592 |
31.79 |
300,304 |
61,274 |
20.40 |
Shoulder belt only |
256 |
45 |
17.58 |
43,444 |
4,002 |
9.21 |
Lap belt only |
496 |
67 |
13.51 |
101,938 |
7,077 |
6.94 |
Lap and shoulder |
31,517 |
3,947 |
12.52 |
8,350,726 |
949,369 |
11.37 |
Motorcycle helmet |
2,543 |
990 |
38.93 |
57,665 |
13,041 |
22.62 |
Used, type unknown |
110 |
20 |
18.18 |
|
|
|
Belt use improper |
56 |
15 |
26.79 |
|
|
|
Helmet use improper |
60 |
21 |
35.00 |
|
|
|
None available |
|
|
|
2,948 |
185 |
6.28 |
Restraint used/specifics unknown or other |
|
|
|
536,973 |
34,911 |
6.50 |
Unknown |
4,090 |
915 |
22.37 |
951,556 |
135,836 |
14.28 |
Total |
56,720 |
11,612 |
20.47 |
10,345,554 |
1,205,695 |
11.65 |
Note: n represents frequency of crashes. Blank cells indicate that the code was not present in this database. |
Table 64. Frequency and number/percentage of SR crashes regarding driver restraint in North Carolina.
Driver Restraint |
Over Speed Limit |
Too Fast for Conditions |
Total SR |
Not SR |
Total |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
None used |
1,055 |
7.93 |
1,465 |
11.01 |
2,520 |
18.93 |
10,789 |
81.07 |
13,309 |
100.00 |
Motorcycle helmet |
276 |
8.55 |
455 |
14.10 |
731 |
22.65 |
2,496 |
77.35 |
3,227 |
100.00 |
Lap and shoulder belt |
5,790 |
1.38 |
27,377 |
6.53 |
33,167 |
7.92 |
385,847 |
92.08 |
419,014 |
100.00 |
Lap belt only |
3,056 |
1.39 |
15,671 |
7.12 |
18,727 |
8.51 |
201,295 |
91.49 |
220,022 |
100.00 |
Shoulder belt only |
59 |
1.38 |
234 |
5.49 |
293 |
6.87 |
3,971 |
93.13 |
4,264 |
100.00 |
Unknown |
2,649 |
6.11 |
5,139 |
11.85 |
7,788 |
17.96 |
35,567 |
82.04 |
43,355 |
100.00 |
Total |
12,885 |
1.83 |
50,341 |
7.16 |
63,226 |
8.99 |
639,965 |
91.01 |
703,191 |
100.00 |
Note: n represents frequency of crashes. Blank cells indicate that the code was not present in this database. |
Table 65. Frequency and number/percentage of SR crashes regarding driver restraint in Ohio.
Driver Restraint |
Over Speed Limit |
Too Fast for Conditions |
Total SR |
Not SR |
Total |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
None used |
2,548 |
11.38 |
1,210 |
5.40 |
3,758 |
16.79 |
18,630 |
83.21 |
22,388 |
100.00 |
Motorcycle helmet |
189 |
9.49 |
189 |
9.49 |
378 |
18.99 |
1,613 |
81.01 |
1,991 |
100.00 |
Lap and shoulder belt |
25,698 |
3.74 |
19,216 |
2.80 |
44,914 |
6.53 |
642,372 |
93.47 |
687,286 |
100.00 |
Lap belt only |
148 |
3.06 |
81 |
1.67 |
229 |
4.73 |
4,609 |
95.27 |
4,838 |
100.00 |
Shoulder belt only |
161 |
4.82 |
49 |
1.47 |
210 |
6.28 |
3,132 |
93.72 |
3,342 |
100.00 |
Unknown |
4,139 |
6.67 |
661 |
1.07 |
4,800 |
7.74 |
57,211 |
92.26 |
62,011 |
100.00 |
Total |
32,883 |
4.21 |
21,406 |
2.74 |
54,289 |
6.94 |
727,567 |
93.06 |
781,856 |
100.00 |
Note: n represents frequency of crashes. |
All databases in table 63 through table 65 showed that the highest percentage of SR crashes was for those who did not use restraints (at least twice as high) with the over speed limit category for North Carolina and Ohio showing the largest percentage–three to four times higher than other categories. Note that the "Motorcycle helmet" category was an indicator vehicle type, which is examined in a later section.
Top
Driver Distraction
Table 66. Frequency and number/percentage of SR crashes driver distractiion.
Driver Distraction |
GES |
All Crashes |
SR Crashes |
n |
n |
Percent |
Not distracted |
4,874,677 |
467,828 |
9.60 |
Inattentive |
676,562 |
150,267 |
22.21 |
Persons/objects inside or outside of vehicle |
125,094 |
25,600 |
20.46 |
The driver is doing something |
90,832 |
20,326 |
22.38 |
Sleepy or fell asleep |
82,810 |
16,851 |
20.35 |
Unknown |
4,495,579 |
524,825 |
11.67 |
Total |
10,345,554 |
1,205,697 |
11.65 |
Note: n represents frequency of crashes. |
Table 67. Frequency and number/percentage of SR crashes regarding driving distraction in North Carolina.
Driver Distraction |
Over Speed Limit |
Too Fast for Conditions |
Total SR |
Not SR |
Total |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
Not distracted |
11,365 |
1.86 |
45,387 |
7.42 |
56,752 |
9.28 |
555,026 |
90.72 |
611,778 |
100.00 |
Inattentive |
1,209 |
1.43 |
4,411 |
5.23 |
5,620 |
6.67 |
78,648 |
93.33 |
84,268 |
100.00 |
Driver distracted |
38 |
1.63 |
89 |
3.81 |
127 |
5.44 |
2,207 |
94.56 |
2,334 |
100.00 |
Sleepy or fell asleep |
273 |
5.67 |
454 |
9.44 |
727 |
15.11 |
4,084 |
84.89 |
4,811 |
100.00 |
Unknown |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0.00 |
Total |
12,885 |
1.83 |
50,341 |
7.16 |
63,226 |
8.99 |
639,965 |
91.01 |
703,191 |
100.00 |
Note: n represents frequency of crashes. |
Table 68. Frequency and number/percentage of SR crashes regarding driver distraction in Ohio.
Driver Distraction |
Over Speed Limit |
Too Fast for Conditions |
Total SR |
Not SR |
Total |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
Not distracted |
30,346 |
4.02 |
21,337 |
2.83 |
51,683 |
6.84 |
703,384 |
93.16 |
755,067 |
100.00 |
Inattentive |
668 |
5.09 |
0 |
0.00 |
668 |
5.09 |
12,458 |
94.91 |
13,126 |
100.00 |
Driver distracted |
257 |
9.26 |
28 |
1.01 |
285 |
10.27 |
2,491 |
89.73 |
2,776 |
100.00 |
Sleepy or fell asleep |
1,002 |
15.98 |
41 |
0.65 |
1,043 |
16.63 |
5,227 |
83.37 |
6,270 |
100.00 |
Unknown |
610 |
13.21 |
0 |
0.00 |
610 |
13.21 |
4,007 |
86.79 |
4,617 |
100.00 |
Total |
32,883 |
4.21 |
21,406 |
2.74 |
54,289 |
6.94 |
727,567 |
93.06 |
781,856 |
100.00 |
Note: n represents frequency of crashes. |
FARS did not include data for this variable. The GES data in table 63 showed consistently higher SR percentages for distracted drivers regardless of the type of distraction. The North Carolina and Ohio databases showed that the type of distraction with the highest percentage of SR crashes was the "Sleepy or feel asleep" category for both the over speed limit and combined (i.e., total SR) definitions. In Ohio, the SR percentage for the "driver distracted" category was also higher than the SR percentage for the "Not distracted" category using both definitions, while in North Carolina, the "Not distracted" category had a higher percentage of SR crashes than any remaining category.
Top
Driver Physical Impairment
Table 69. Frequency and number/percentage of SR crashes regarding driver physical impairment.
Driver Physical Impairment |
GES |
All Crashes |
SR Crashes |
n |
n |
Percent |
None |
9,564,263 |
1,015,263 |
10.62 |
Illness or blackout |
30,345 |
2,944 |
9.70 |
Drowsy, sleepy, fell asleep, or fatigued |
83,545 |
18,541 |
22.19 |
Deaf |
1,418 |
6 |
0.42 |
Physical impairment no details |
4,419 |
1,010 |
22.86 |
Other physical impairment |
230,676 |
67,677 |
29.34 |
Unknown if physically impaired |
430,260 |
100,254 |
23.30 |
Total |
10,344,926 |
1,205,695 |
11.65 |
Note: n represents frequency of crashes. |
Table 70. Frequency and number/percentage of SR crashes regarding driver physical impairment in North Carolina.
Driver Physical Impairment |
Over Speed Limit |
Too Fast for Conditions |
Total SR |
Not SR |
Total |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
None |
10,501 |
1.58 |
45,321 |
6.84 |
55,822 |
8.42 |
606,955 |
91.58 |
662,777 |
100.00 |
Illness |
15 |
2.96 |
52 |
10.28 |
67 |
13.24 |
439 |
86.76 |
506 |
100.00 |
Sleepy or fatigued |
336 |
5.05 |
596 |
8.96 |
932 |
14.02 |
5,718 |
85.98 |
6,650 |
100.00 |
Medical condition |
22 |
1.43 |
74 |
4.81 |
96 |
6.23 |
1,444 |
93.77 |
1,540 |
100.00 |
Other physical impairment |
29 |
3.05 |
62 |
6.51 |
91 |
9.56 |
861 |
90.44 |
952 |
100.00 |
Unknown |
1,982 |
6.44 |
4,236 |
13.77 |
6,218 |
20.21 |
24,548 |
79.79 |
30,766 |
100.00 |
Total |
12,885 |
1.83 |
50,341 |
7.16 |
63,226 |
8.99 |
639,965 |
91.01 |
703,191 |
100.00 |
Note: n represents frequency of crashes. |
Table 71. Frequency and number/percentage of SR crashes regarding driver physical impairment in Ohio.
Driver Physical Impairment |
Over Speed Limit |
Too Fast for Conditions |
Total SR |
Not SR |
Total |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
None |
27,659 |
3.83 |
20,223 |
2.80 |
47,882 |
6.62 |
674,890 |
93.38 |
722,772 |
100.00 |
Illness |
89 |
7.81 |
10 |
0.88 |
99 |
8.69 |
1,040 |
91.31 |
1,139 |
100.00 |
Sleepy or fatigued |
913 |
16.21 |
41 |
0.73 |
954 |
16.94 |
4,679 |
83.06 |
5,633 |
100.00 |
Medical condition |
127 |
10.52 |
13 |
1.08 |
140 |
11.60 |
1,067 |
88.40 |
1,207 |
100.00 |
Other physical impairment |
339 |
10.72 |
38 |
1.20 |
377 |
11.92 |
2,786 |
88.08 |
3,163 |
100.00 |
Unknown |
3,756 |
7.83 |
1,081 |
2.25 |
4,837 |
10.09 |
43,105 |
89.91 |
47,942 |
100.00 |
Total |
32,883 |
4.21 |
21,406 |
2.74 |
54,289 |
6.94 |
727,567 |
93.06 |
781,856 |
100.00 |
Note: n represents frequency of crashes. |
FARS did not include data for driver physical impairment. GES data indicated that the "Other physical impairment" category had a percentage of SR crashes approximately three times that of the "None" category (see table 69). Both State databases for total SR showed that the major driver physical impairment with the highest percentage of SR crashes was "Sleepy or fatigued," similar to the distraction variable results seen in table 67 and table 68. In Ohio, the SR crash percentage for the "Medical condition" category was higher than for the "None" category, but this was not true for North Carolina.
Top
Driver Alcohol Use
Table 72. Frequency and number/percentage of SR crashes regarding driver alcohol use.
Alcohol Use |
FARS |
GES |
All Crashes |
SR Crashes |
All Crashes |
SR Crashes |
n |
n |
Percent |
n |
n |
Percent |
No alcohol |
26,308 |
3,224 |
12.25 |
9,285,808 |
1,020,367 |
10.99 |
Alcohol |
8,327 |
3,486 |
41.86 |
293,204 |
86,007 |
29.33 |
Unknown |
22,085 |
4,902 |
22.20 |
766,543 |
99,322 |
12.96 |
Total |
56,720 |
11,612 |
20.47 |
10,345,555 |
1,205,696 |
11.65 |
Note: n represents frequency of crashes. |
Table 73. Frequency and number/percentage of SR crashes regarding driver alcohol use in North Carolina.
Alcohol Use |
Over Speed Limit |
Too Fast for Conditions |
Total SR |
Not SR |
Total |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
No alcohol suspected/determined |
8,781 |
1.34 |
43,478 |
6.61 |
52,259 |
7.95 |
605,419 |
92.05 |
657,678 |
100.00 |
Alcohol suspected/determined |
2,405 |
12.11 |
3,107 |
15.64 |
5,512 |
27.75 |
14,350 |
72.25 |
19,862 |
100.00 |
Unknown |
1,699 |
6.62 |
3,756 |
14.64 |
5,455 |
21.27 |
20,196 |
78.73 |
25,651 |
100.00 |
Total |
12,885 |
1.83 |
50,341 |
7.16 |
63,226 |
8.99 |
639,965 |
91.01 |
703,191 |
100.00 |
Note: n represents frequency of crashes. |
Table 74. Frequency and number/percentage of SR crashes regarding driver alcohol use in Ohio.
Alcohol Use |
Over Speed Limit |
Too Fast for Conditions |
Total SR |
Not SR |
Total |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
No alcohol suspected/determined |
27,977 |
4.14 |
20,072 |
2.97 |
48,049 |
7.11 |
627,304 |
92.89 |
675,353 |
100.00 |
Alcohol suspected/determined |
1,433 |
17.38 |
569 |
6.90 |
2,002 |
24.28 |
6,244 |
75.72 |
8,246 |
100.00 |
Unknown |
3,473 |
3.53 |
765 |
0.78 |
4,238 |
4.31 |
94,019 |
95.69 |
98,257 |
100.00 |
Total |
32,883 |
4.21 |
21,406 |
2.74 |
54,289 |
6.94 |
727,567 |
93.06 |
781,856 |
100.00 |
Note: n represents frequency of crashes. |
All databases and definitions in table 72 through table 74 showed correlations between drinking and SR crashes, with drivers exhibiting alcohol use having much higher percentages of SR crashes than those who did not drink and drive (i.e., two to four times as high).
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Driver Drug Use
Table 75. Frequency and number/percentage of SR crashes regarding driver drug use.
Drug Use |
FARS |
GES |
All Crashes |
SR Crashes |
All Crashes |
SR Crashes |
n |
n |
Percent |
n |
n |
Percent |
No drugs |
15,621 |
2,468 |
15.80 |
9,389,804 |
1,072,577 |
11.42 |
Drugs involved |
1,614 |
491 |
30.42 |
44,763 |
9,562 |
21.36 |
Unknown |
39,485 |
8,653 |
21.91 |
910,987 |
123,556 |
13.56 |
Total |
56,720 |
11,612 |
20.47 |
10,345,554 |
1,205,695 |
11.65 |
Note: n represents frequency of crashes. |
Table 76. Frequency and number/percentage of SR crashes regarding driver drug use in North Carolina.
Drug Use |
Over Speed Limit |
Too Fast for Conditions |
Total SR |
Not SR |
Total |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
No drugs suspected/determined |
10,975 |
1.62 |
46,389 |
6.87 |
57,364 |
8.49 |
618,317 |
91.51 |
675,681 |
100.00 |
Drugs suspected/determined |
211 |
11.35 |
196 |
10.54 |
407 |
21.89 |
1,452 |
78.11 |
1,859 |
100.00 |
Unknown |
1,699 |
6.62 |
3,756 |
14.64 |
5,455 |
21.27 |
20,196 |
78.73 |
25,651 |
100.00 |
Total |
12,885 |
1.83 |
50,341 |
7.16 |
63,226 |
8.99 |
639,965 |
91.01 |
703,191 |
100.00 |
Note: n represents frequency of crashes. |
Table 77. Frequency and number/percentage of SR crashes regarding driver drug use in Ohio.
Drug Use |
Over Speed Limit |
Too Fast for Conditions |
Total SR |
Not SR |
Total |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
No drugs suspected/determined |
27,432 |
4.08 |
19,823 |
2.95 |
47,255 |
7.03 |
624,843 |
92.97 |
672,098 |
100.00 |
Drugs suspected/determined |
1,978 |
17.20 |
818 |
7.11 |
2,796 |
24.31 |
8,705 |
75.69 |
11,501 |
100.00 |
Unknown |
3,473 |
3.53 |
765 |
0.78 |
4,238 |
4.31 |
94,019 |
95.69 |
98,257 |
100.00 |
Total |
32,883 |
4.21 |
21,406 |
2.74 |
54,289 |
6.94 |
727,567 |
93.06 |
781,856 |
100.00 |
Note: n represents frequency of crashes. |
Like alcohol use, all databases and all definitions in table 75 through table 77 showed correlations between drug use and SR crashes, with drug users having much higher percentages of SR crashes than nonusers (three to six times as high). As expected, the percentage of total drivers using drugs was small.
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Prior Speeding Convictions
Table 78. Frequency and number/percentage of SR crashes regarding prior speeding convictions.
Prior Speeding Convictions |
FARS |
All Crashes |
SR Crashes |
n |
n |
Percent |
0 |
44,083 |
8,347 |
18.93 |
1 |
7,753 |
1,870 |
24.12 |
2 |
2,172 |
611 |
28.13 |
3+ |
1,045 |
339 |
32.44 |
Unknown |
1,667 |
445 |
26.69 |
Total |
56,720 |
11,612 |
20.47 |
Note: n represents frequency of crashes. |
Only FARS contains data on prior speeding convictions. Based on the data in table 78, the percentage of SR crashes increased as the number of prior speeding convictions increased. For drivers with three or more prior convictions, the percentage of SR crashes was almost twice that than those who had no prior convictions (32.44 percent versus 18.93 percent).
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Driver License Restriction Compliance
Table 79. Frequency and number/percentage of SR crashes regarding license type.
License Type |
FARS |
All Crashes |
SR Crashes |
n |
n |
Percent |
Not licensed |
2,149 |
765 |
35.60 |
Not required |
130 |
44 |
33.85 |
Not valid |
4,759 |
1,659 |
34.86 |
Valid |
48,530 |
8,875 |
18.29 |
Unknown if commercial drivers license |
30 |
1 |
3.33 |
Unknown |
1,122 |
268 |
23.89 |
Total |
56,720 |
11,612 |
20.47 |
Note: n represents frequency of crashes. |
Table 80. Frequency and number/percentage of SR crashes regarding license restriction compliance.
License Restriction Compliance |
FARS |
All Crashes |
SR Crashes |
n |
n |
Percent |
No restriction |
38,302 |
8,520 |
22.24 |
Compiled |
3,254 |
539 |
16.56 |
Not compiled |
520 |
215 |
41.35 |
Compliance unknown |
13,443 |
2,056 |
15.29 |
Unknown |
1,201 |
282 |
23.48 |
Total |
56,720 |
11,612 |
20.47 |
Note: n represents frequency of crashes. |
Only FARS contained data on licensing status and restriction compliance. Based on FARS data in table 79, drivers in SR crashes with no licenses and invalid licenses had SR crash percentages approximately twice as high as those with valid licenses. Those drivers that did not comply with a license restriction had SR crash percentages approximately twice as high as those with no restrictions (see table 80). Interestingly, those who had restrictions but complied with them had lower SR crash percentages than those with no restrictions.
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Vehicle Type
Table 81. Frequency and number/percentage of SR crashes regarding vehicle type.
Vehicle Type |
FARS |
GES |
All Crashes |
SR Crashes |
All Crashes |
SR Crashes |
n |
n |
Percent |
n |
n |
Percent |
Automobiles |
24,047 |
5,486 |
22.81 |
5,729,338 |
699,421 |
12.21 |
Automobile derivatives |
30 |
5 |
16.67 |
4,317 |
105 |
2.43 |
Utility vehicles |
7,869 |
1,536 |
19.52 |
1,520,109 |
163,178 |
10.73 |
Van-based light trucks |
3,569 |
398 |
11.15 |
745,788 |
69,230 |
9.28 |
Light conventional trucks |
10,567 |
2,056 |
19.46 |
1,553,955 |
193,896 |
12.48 |
Other light trucks |
99 |
8 |
8.08 |
201,318 |
21,882 |
10.87 |
Buses |
270 |
12 |
4.44 |
49,488 |
1,510 |
3.05 |
Medium/heavy trucks |
4,865 |
352 |
7.24 |
362,652 |
27,955 |
7.71 |
Motored cycles |
4,768 |
1,685 |
35.34 |
95,310 |
20,462 |
21.47 |
Other vehicles |
156 |
17 |
10.90 |
14,115 |
1,469 |
10.41 |
Unknown |
480 |
57 |
11.88 |
69,164 |
6,588 |
9.53 |
Total |
56,720 |
11,612 |
20.47 |
10,345,554 |
1,205,696 |
11.65 |
Note: n represents frequency of crashes. |
Table 82. Frequency and number/percentage of SR crashes regarding vehicle type in North Carolina.
Vehicle Type |
Over Speed Limit |
Too Fast for Conditions |
Total SR |
Not SR |
Total |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
Automobiles |
8,169 |
2.07 |
28,275 |
7.15 |
36,444 |
9.22 |
358,990 |
90.78 |
395,434 |
100.00 |
Utility vehicles |
1,196 |
1.34 |
7,561 |
8.47 |
8,757 |
9.80 |
80,560 |
90.20 |
89,317 |
100.00 |
Van-based light trucks |
400 |
0.79 |
2,106 |
4.14 |
2,506 |
4.93 |
48,342 |
95.07 |
50,848 |
100.00 |
Light conventional trucks |
1,820 |
1.59 |
8,699 |
7.60 |
10,519 |
9.19 |
103,947 |
90.81 |
114,466 |
100.00 |
Other light trucks |
34 |
1.60 |
125 |
5.89 |
159 |
7.49 |
1,963 |
92.51 |
2,122 |
100.00 |
Buses |
2 |
0.09 |
30 |
1.39 |
32 |
1.49 |
2,122 |
98.51 |
2,154 |
100.00 |
Medium/heavy trucks |
253 |
0.90 |
1,548 |
5.52 |
1,801 |
6.43 |
26,218 |
93.57 |
28,019 |
100.00 |
Motored cycles |
439 |
8.39 |
766 |
14.64 |
1,205 |
23.03 |
4,027 |
76.97 |
5,232 |
100.00 |
Other vehicles |
3 |
0.31 |
15 |
1.54 |
18 |
1.84 |
959 |
98.16 |
977 |
100.00 |
Unknown |
569 |
3.89 |
1,216 |
8.32 |
1,785 |
12.21 |
12,837 |
87.79 |
14,622 |
100.00 |
Total |
12,885 |
1.83 |
50,341 |
7.16 |
63,226 |
8.99 |
639,965 |
91.01 |
703,191 |
100.00 |
Note: n represents frequency of crashes. |
Table 83. Frequency and number/percentage of SR crashes regarding regarding vehicle type in Ohio.
Vehicle Type |
Over Speed Limit |
Too Fast for Conditions |
Total SR |
Not SR |
Total |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
Automobiles |
20,386 |
4.56 |
11,727 |
2.62 |
32,113 |
7.19 |
414,634 |
92.81 |
446,747 |
100.00 |
Utility vehicles |
3,309 |
3.61 |
3,214 |
3.50 |
6,523 |
7.11 |
85,198 |
92.89 |
91,721 |
100.00 |
Van-based light trucks |
2,187 |
3.05 |
1,297 |
1.81 |
3,484 |
4.85 |
68,292 |
95.15 |
71,776 |
100.00 |
Light conventional trucks |
3,814 |
3.57 |
3,703 |
3.46 |
7,517 |
7.03 |
99,364 |
92.97 |
106,881 |
100.00 |
Other light trucks |
237 |
7.12 |
69 |
2.07 |
306 |
9.19 |
3,022 |
90.81 |
3,328 |
100.00 |
Buses |
37 |
1.18 |
14 |
0.45 |
51 |
1.63 |
3,078 |
98.37 |
3,129 |
100.00 |
Medium/heavy trucks |
2,150 |
4.57 |
994 |
2.11 |
3,144 |
6.69 |
43,879 |
93.31 |
47,023 |
100.00 |
Motored cycles |
457 |
9.13 |
360 |
7.19 |
817 |
16.32 |
4,189 |
83.68 |
5,006 |
100.00 |
Other vehicles |
62 |
2.00 |
28 |
0.90 |
90 |
2.91 |
3,008 |
97.09 |
3,098 |
100.00 |
Unknown |
244 |
7.75 |
0 |
0.00 |
244 |
7.75 |
2,903 |
92.25 |
3,147 |
100.00 |
Total |
32,883 |
4.21 |
21,406 |
2.74 |
54,289 |
6.94 |
727,567 |
93.06 |
781,856 |
100.00 |
Note: n represents frequency of crashes. |
As seen in table 81 through table 83, regardless of database or definition, motorcycles had the highest percentage of SR crashes (two to four times as high as cars). Buses had lower SR crash percentages in all categories, and medium/heavy trucks had lower SR crash percentages relative to other types of trucks in most categories.
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Hazardous Cargo
Table 84. Frequency and number/percentage of SR crashes regarding hazardous cargo.
Hazardous Cargo |
FARS |
GES |
All Crashes |
SR Crashes |
All Crashes |
SR Crashes |
n |
n |
Percent |
n |
n |
Percent |
No hazmat |
56,133 |
11,566 |
20.60 |
|
|
|
Hazmat present |
|
|
|
3,731 |
402 |
10.77 |
Placard |
163 |
20 |
12.27 |
|
|
|
No placard |
11 |
2 |
18.18 |
|
|
|
Unknown placard |
14 |
2 |
14.29 |
|
|
|
Not applicable |
|
|
|
10,177,390 |
1,194,361 |
11.74 |
Unknown |
399 |
22 |
5.51 |
163,969 |
10,933 |
6.67 |
Total |
56,720 |
11,612 |
20.47 |
10,345,090 |
1,205,696 |
11.65 |
Note: n represents frequency of crashes. Blank cells indicate that the code was not present in this database. |
Table 85. Frequency and number/percentage of SR crashes regarding hazardous cargo in North Carolina.
Hazardous Cargo |
Over Speed Limit |
Too Fast for Conditions |
Total SR |
Not SR |
Total |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
No hazmat |
12,884 |
1.83 |
50,330 |
7.16 |
63,214 |
8.99 |
639,839 |
91.01 |
703,053 |
100.00 |
Hazmat present |
0 |
0 |
7 |
6.25 |
7 |
6.25 |
105 |
93.75 |
112 |
100.00 |
Unknown |
1 |
3.85 |
4 |
15.38 |
5 |
19.23 |
21 |
80.77 |
26 |
100.00 |
Total |
12,885 |
1.83 |
50,341 |
7.16 |
63,226 |
8.99 |
639,965 |
91.01 |
703,191 |
100.00 |
Note: n represents frequency of crashes. |
Table 86. Frequency and number/percentage of SR crashes regarding hazardous cargo in Ohio.
Hazardous Cargo |
Over Speed Limit |
Too Fast for Conditions |
Total SR |
Not SR |
Total |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
n |
Percent |
Note: n represents frequency of crashes. |
There were low frequencies of crash–involved vehicles carrying hazardous cargo in all of the databases, making conclusions difficult (see table 84 through table 86). The FARS data showed that vehicles not carrying hazardous materials had a higher percentage of SR crashes. In addition, GES and North Carolina data showed practically no difference. In the Ohio database, the total SR category showed that vehicles containing hazardous cargo had a higher percentage of SR crashes than those that did not carry hazardous materials (see table 86).
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FHWA-HRT-10-024
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