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• Development of Human Factors Guidelines for Advanced Traveler Information Systems and Commercial Vehicle Operations: Comparable Systems Analysis

Development of Human Factors Guidelines for Advanced Traveler Information Systems and Commercial Vehicle Operations: Comparable Systems Analysis

In-Vehicle Routing and Navigation Systems (IRANS)

1. This subsystem has received the most attention in ITS applications. IRANS provides drivers with information about how to get from one place to another, and may include information on traffic operations and recurrent and non-recurrent urban traffic congestion. Seven functional components have been identified that have applications in both ATIS and CVO. They are:

   1. Trip planning.
   2. Multi-mode travel coordination and planning.
   3. Pre-drive route and destination selection.
   4. Dynamic route selection.
   5. Route guidance.
   6. Route navigation.
   7. Automated toll collection.

Two functional components were identified as CVO-specific:

1. 1. Route scheduling.
   2. Computer-aided dispatch.

These IRANS components are described in greater detail below:

Trip Planning

Trip planning is the route planning of long, multiple-destination journeys that may involve identifying scenic routes and historical sites, as well as coordinating hotel accommodations, restaurants, and vehicle services information.

Table 1. ATIS/CVO functional characteristics.

Multi-Mode Travel Coordination and Planning

Coordination information is provided to the driver on different modes of transportation (e.g., buses, trains, and subways) in conjunction with driving a vehicle. This information might include real-time updates of actual bus arrival times and anticipated travel times.

Pre-Drive Route and Destination Selection

This function allows the driver to select any destination and/or route before departure. The characteristics for the pre-drive selections include entering and selecting the destination, departure time, and route to the destination. System information might include real-time or historical congestion information, estimated travel time, and routes that optimize parameters such as time or distance.

Dynamic Route Selection

Dynamic route selection refers to any route selection system that operates while the vehicle is not in PARK. This capability includes the presentation of updated traffic and incident information that might affect the driver's route selection. In addition, the system would alert the driver if she or he makes an incorrect turn and leaves the planned route. Dynamic route selection can generate a new route that accommodates the driver's new position.

Route Guidance

This capability includes turn-by-turn and/or directional information. This information can be in the form of a highlighted route on an electronic map, icons indicating turn directions on a HUD, or voice guidance.

Route Navigation

Route navigation provides information to help the driver to a selected destination; however, it does not include route guidance. It might include presenting an in-vehicle electronic map with streets, direction orientation, current location of vehicle, destination location, and location of services or attractions. Route navigation provides information typically found on paper maps.

Automated Toll Collection

This system would allow a vehicle to travel through a toll roadway without the need to stop to pay tolls; tolls would be deducted automatically from the driver's account as the vehicle is driven past toll collection areas.

Route Scheduling (CVO-Specific)

Route scheduling offers coordination of numerous driver-entered destinations to minimize travel time or to accommodate delivery schedules.

Computer-Aided Dispatch (CVO-Specific)

This is a computer-aided system that assists the dispatcher in generating routes that coordinate multiple stops that are defined or entered by the dispatcher. This function may indicate which fleet vehicle is best suited for a particular destination based on information such as type of cargo, location of vehicle, and delivery/pick-up time.

FHWA-RD-95-197