Human Factors Assessment of Pedestrian Roadway Crossing Behavior

Results

The follow subsections describe the overall crossing behavior results from phase 1.

Descriptive Data

Table 2 summarizes the crossing behaviors recorded during the coded data collection times. All values are combined over all eight data collection locations. The following subsections explain the basic descriptive data for each of the eight locations in further detail.

Table 2. Summary of pedestrian crossings combined across all eight data collection locations.

— Indicates no actions of this type were recorded.

Location 1

Total Crossings:

There were a total of 1,110 pedestrian crossings on H Street Northeast between 3rd and 4th Streets Northeast during the coded data collection times (a total of just over 48 h of video). (See table 3 for a summary of the crossings.) Of these crossings, 976 (or 87.93 percent) occurred within the marked intersection (i.e., marked crosswalk). These crossings can be broken down into when they occurred during the light phases. During the walk phase, 834 pedestrians crossed the marked intersection. An additional 94 crossings occurred in the marked intersection during the don’t walk phase. In addition, 48 crossings occurred in the marked intersection that included a traffic flow change. Of these crossings, eight began in the walk phase and ended in the don’t walk phase. An additional 40 began in the don’t walk phase and concluded in the walk phase. In other words, pedestrians who cross during a crosswalk light phase change were approximately equally likely to start the crossing during the don’t walk phase as during the walk phase.

At Location 1, 134 (or 12.07 percent) of the total 1,110 crossings took place at the unmarked non-intersection areas. Of these crossings, 58 took place with traffic, and 64 took place against traffic. A portion of the pedestrian crossings that took place at an unmarked non-intersection area involved a traffic flow change. Five of these crossings began with traffic and ended against traffic, and seven began against traffic and ended with traffic.

Yielding:

In total, there were 45 yielding behaviors (combined across pedestrians and vehicles). In 34 instances, a vehicle yielded to a pedestrian crossing in the marked intersection during a walk phase. In other words, vehicles were appropriately yielding to the pedestrians crossing during the appropriate light phase. There was a single case where a pedestrian yielded to a vehicle while crossing in the marked intersection during a walk phase.

Ten pedestrian crossings with yielding occurred outside the marked intersection. In four cases, pedestrians yielded to vehicles in the unmarked non-intersection. In six instances, vehicles yielded to pedestrians who were crossing in the unmarked non-intersection.

Evasive Pedestrian Actions:

A total of 97 pedestrians took evasive actions at Location 1. (Note that some pedestrians took more than one evasive action, e.g., returning to the curb followed by running.) There were 29 instances of pedestrian running/accelerated walking while in the marked intersection during the walk phase. Although a pedestrian taking an evasive action while crossing the street during a walk phase in the marked intersection may seem counterintuitive, there were many instances of “courtesy” acceleration. In other words, it appeared that pedestrians would run, or accelerate, through a crossing to allow turning vehicles to complete their turn during the signal phase. There were 20 instances of pedestrian running/accelerated walking while in the marked intersection during the don’t walk phase. In six instances, pedestrians ran/accelerated while in the marked intersection and a traffic flow change was involved. Of these, one began in the walk phase and was completed during the don’t walk phase, and five began in the don’t walk phase and were completed in the walk phase. In addition, there were 28 instances of running/accelerated walking while in an unmarked non-intersection area.

There were also eight instances where pedestrians abruptly stopped while crossing the roadway. In a single instance, a pedestrian abruptly stopped while walking in the marked intersection during the walk signal phase to yield to a vehicle. In two instances, pedestrians abruptly stopped while walking in the marked intersection during a traffic flow change (from the don’t walk phase to the walk phase). An additional four pedestrians abruptly stopped in the marked intersection during the don’t walk phase. Finally, four pedestrians stopped during crossings at unmarked non-intersection locations.

In five instances, pedestrians made a travel directional change (e.g., returned to the curb). One of these occurred at an unmarked non-intersection area, three occurred at the marked intersection during the don’t walk phase, and one occurred at the marked intersection during the walk phase.

Evasive Vehicle Actions:

In a total of two instances, a vehicle took an evasive action to avoid a potential collision with a pedestrian at Location 1. In one instance, a vehicle abruptly braked for a pedestrian crossing at an unmarked non-intersection area. In the second instance, a vehicle abruptly braked for a pedestrian crossing marked intersection during the don’t walk phase.

Table 3. Summary of pedestrian crossings at Location 1.

— Indicates no actions of this type were recorded.

Location 2

Total Crossings:

There were a total of 4,631 pedestrian crossings on New York Avenue Northwest between 7th Street Northwest and 6th Street Northwest during the coded data collection times. (See table 4 for a summary of the crossings.) Location 2 was not coded on February 10 or 13 because of a camera malfunction that resulted in a “frozen” image. In other words, no new feed from the camera was recorded during this time frame. Of the recorded and coded crossings, 4,228 (or 91.3 percent) occurred within the marked intersection (i.e., marked crosswalk). These crossings can be broken down into when they occurred during the light phases. During the walk phase, 4,071 pedestrians crossed entirely within the near marked intersection. An additional 81 crossings occurred entirely in the marked intersection during the don’t walk phase. In addition, 76 crossings occurred in the marked intersection and included a traffic flow change. Of these crossings, 52 began in the walk phase and ended in the don’t walk phase. An additional 24 began in the don’t walk phase and concluded in the walk phase. In other words, pedestrians who crossed during a crosswalk light phase change were more likely to start the crossing during the walk phase than the don’t walk phase.

At Location 2, 403 (or 8.7 percent) of the total 4,631 crossings took place at unmarked non-intersection areas. Of these crossings, 289 took place entirely with traffic, and 74 took place entirely against traffic. A portion of the pedestrian crossings that took place at an unmarked non-intersection area involved a traffic flow change. Fourteen of these crossings began with traffic and ended against traffic, and 26 began against traffic and ended with traffic.

Yielding:

In total, there were 342 yielding behaviors (combined across pedestrians and vehicles) at Location 2. In 294 instances, a vehicle yielded to a pedestrian in the marked intersection during a walk phase. In five instances, a pedestrian yielded to a vehicle while crossing in the marked intersection during a walk phase. In addition, seven pedestrian crossings took place in the marked intersection area and involved a traffic flow change. Of these crossings, one began in the walk phase and ended in the don’t walk phase. An additional six began in the don’t walk phase and concluded in the walk phase.

There were 25 instances of a pedestrian yielding to a vehicle while crossing at an unmarked non-intersection location.

Evasive Pedestrian Actions:

A total of 268 pedestrians took evasive actions at Location 2. There were 198 instances of pedestrian running/accelerated walking while in the marked intersection during the walk phase. There were also 13 instances of pedestrian running/accelerated walking while in the marked intersection during the don’t walk phase. In addition, 14 pedestrians crossed during a traffic flow change in the marked intersection. Two people began crossing during the don’t walk phase and completed during the walk phase, and 12 began crossing during the walk phase and completed the crossing during the don’t walk phase. In addition, 25 pedestrians ran/accelerated at an unmarked non-intersection area.

In addition, in 16 cases, pedestrians abruptly stopped while crossing the roadway. In two instances, pedestrians abruptly stopped while walking in the marked intersection during the walk signal phase to yield to a vehicle. Three pedestrians abruptly stopped in the marked intersection during the don’t walk phase. There were also three cases of abruptly stopping during a traffic flow change, one during the walk phase and completed the crossing during the don’t walk phase, and two that began crossing during the don’t walk phase and completed during the walk phase. Eight pedestrians abruptly stopped while crossing in an unmarked non-intersection location.

In six instances, pedestrians made a travel directional change (i.e., returned to the curb). Two of these occurred in the marked intersection during the walk phase, and the remaining four occurred at an unmarked non-intersection area.

Evasive Vehicle Actions:

In a total of 10 instances, a vehicle took an evasive action to avoid a potential collision with a pedestrian at Location 2. All 10 of these instances occurred while the pedestrians were crossing at the marked intersection during the walk phase.

Table 4. Summary of pedestrian crossings at Location 2.

— Indicates that no actions of this type were recorded.

Location 3

Total Crossings:

There were a total of 5,200 pedestrian crossings on Rhode Island Avenue Northwest between 7th Street Northwest and 6th Street Northwest during the coded data collection times. (See table 5 for a summary of the crossings.) Of these crossings, 2,646 (or 50.9 percent) occurred within the marked intersection (i.e., marked crosswalk). These crossings can be broken down into where they occurred during the light phases. During the walk phase, 2,317 pedestrians crossed within the near marked intersection. An additional 298 crossings occurred in the marked intersection during the don’t walk phase. In addition, 31 crossings occurred in the marked intersection that included a traffic flow change. Of these crossings, 20 began in the walk phase and ended in the don’t walk phase. An additional 11 began in the don’t walk phase and concluded in the walk phase. In other words, pedestrians who crossed during a crosswalk light phase change were more likely to start the crossing during the walk phase than the don’t walk phase.

At Location 3, 232 (or 4.5 percent) of the total 5,200 crossing took place at unmarked non-intersection areas. Of these crossings, 60 took place with traffic; 5 of these included the pedestrian waiting on the median (4 included a traffic flow change to against traffic). The remaining 172 crossings that took place at an unmarked non-intersection location occurred against traffic, 77 of which included the pedestrian waiting on the median. (Five included a traffic flow change to with traffic.)

Pedestrian crossings at the unmarked intersection of Marion Street Northwest and Rhode Island Avenue Northwest were also recorded. Marion Street is located to the south of Rhode Island Avenue. Northbound Marion Street traffic must turn (either right or left) when it meets Rhode Island Avenue. This intersection does not contain a marked pedestrian crossing. There were 2,322 crossings (or 44.7 percent of the 5,200 total crossings) at this unmarked intersection. Of these, 954 occurred with traffic; 42 included the pedestrian waiting on the median. An additional 84 crossings took place with traffic, but concluded against traffic; 48 of these crossings included the pedestrian waiting on the median. A further 1,251 crossings at the unmarked intersection occurred against traffic; 855 of these crossings included the pedestrian waiting on the median. The remaining 33 crossings involved a traffic flow change where pedestrians began crossing against traffic and concluded the crossing with traffic; 15 of these crossings included the pedestrian waiting on the median. In total, 960 (or 41 percent) of the 2,322 crossings that occurred at the unmarked intersection involved the pedestrian waiting on the median.

Yielding:

In total, there were 105 yielding behaviors (combined across pedestrians and vehicles) at Location 3. None of these occurred while a pedestrian was in the marked intersection.

There were 11 crossings where pedestrians yielded to vehicles at unmarked non-intersection locations. There was a single instance where a vehicle yielded to pedestrian at an unmarked non-intersection area.

In 76 instances, pedestrians yielded to vehicles at the unmarked intersection. In an additional 17 cases, a vehicle yielded to a pedestrian at the unmarked intersection.

Evasive Pedestrian Actions:

A total of 113 pedestrians took evasive actions. There were four instances of pedestrian running/accelerated walking while in the marked intersection during the walk phase. An additional four pedestrians began crossing during the walk phase but completed their crossing in the don’t walk phase, who ran/accelerated while in the marked intersection. Nineteen pedestrians ran/accelerated while crossing at the marked intersection during the don’t walk phase. In addition, 17 pedestrians ran/accelerated while crossing at unmarked non-intersection locations. At the unmarked intersection, 61 pedestrians ran/accelerated through the crossing.

In a total of three instances, the pedestrian abruptly stopped to avoid a potential collision with a vehicle. Of these, two occurred during the don’t walk phase in the marked intersection, and one took place in the unmarked intersection.

On six occasions, pedestrians made a travel directional change (i.e., returned to the curb). One occurred in the marked intersection during the walk phase, one occurred at an unmarked non-intersection location, and the remained four took place at the unmarked intersection.

Evasive Vehicle Actions:

No vehicle evasive actions were recorded during the data collection period at Location 3.

Table 5. Summary of pedestrian crossings at Location 3.

— Indicates no actions of this type were recorded.

Location 4

Total Crossings:

There were a total of 13,199 pedestrian crossings on I (eye) Street Northwest between 13th and 14th Streets northwest during the coded data collection times. (See table 6 for a summary of crossings.) Of these crossings, 12,034 (or 91.2 percent) occurred within the marked intersection (i.e., marked crosswalk). These crossings can be broken down into when they occurred during the light phases. During the walk phase, 8,973 pedestrians crossed within the near marked intersection. An additional 2,361 crossings occurred in the marked intersection during the don’t walk phase. In addition, 700 crossings occurred in the marked intersection and included a traffic flow change. Of these crossings, 94 began in the walk phase and ended in the don’t walk phase. An additional 606 began in the don’t walk phase and concluded in the walk phase. In other words, pedestrians were more likely to begin their crossing during the don’t walk phase than the walk phase.

At Location 4, 1,165 (or 8.8 percent) of the total 13,199 crossings took place at unmarked non-intersection areas. Of these crossings, 710 took place with traffic, and 365 took place against traffic. A portion of the pedestrian crossings that took place at an unmarked non-intersection area involved a traffic flow change. Twenty-two of these crossings began with traffic and ended against traffic, and 68 began against traffic and ended with traffic.

Yielding:

In total, there were 2,693 yielding behaviors (combined across pedestrians and vehicles) at Location 4. In 15 cases, the pedestrian yielded to the vehicle in the marked intersection during the walk phase. In 2,681 instances, a vehicle yielded to a pedestrian in the marked intersection during the walk phase.

In addition, there were 11 instances of yielding behavior while pedestrians crossed during a traffic flow change. In six of these cases, the pedestrians began crossing during the don’t walk phase and completed the crossing during the walk phase and vehicles yielded to the pedestrian. In three cases, pedestrians yielded to vehicles after beginning to cross during the don’t walk phase and completing the crossing the walk phase. In the remaining two instances, pedestrians that began their crossing during the walk phase and completed it during the don’t walk phase yielded to vehicles in the marked intersection.

Evasive Pedestrian Actions:

A total of 288 pedestrians took evasive actions. There were 136 instances of pedestrian running/accelerated walking while in the marked intersection during the walk phase. An additional 12 pedestrians who began crossing during the walk phase but completed their crossing in the don’t walk phase, ran/accelerated while in the marked intersection. During the don’t walk phase, 104 pedestrians ran/accelerated while crossing at the marked intersection. An additional six pedestrians began crossing during the don’t walk phase but completed during the walk phase while running/accelerated walking. While in the unmarked non-intersection, 16 pedestrians ran/accelerated while completing their crossing.

In a total of 10 instances, the pedestrian abruptly stopped to avoid a potential collision with a vehicle. Of these, four occurred during the walk phase in the marked intersection. Three crossings occurred entirely during the don’t walk phase. An additional three pedestrians abruptly stopped in the marked intersection after beginning crossing during the don’t walk phase and completed during the walk phase.

In five instances, pedestrians made a travel directional change. Of these, three occurred in the marked intersection during the walk phase, one occurred in the marked intersection during the don’t walk phase, and one occurred in an unmarked non-intersection location.

Evasive Vehicle Actions:

No vehicle evasive actions were recorded during the data collection period at Location 4.

Table 6. Summary of pedestrian crossings at Location 4.

— Indicates no actions of this type were recorded.

Location 5

Total Crossings:

There were a total of 10,635 pedestrian crossings on H Street Northwest between 14th and 15th Streets Northwest during the coded data collection times. (See table 7 for a summary of crossings.) Location 5 was not coded after February 13 because the camera was facing a different direction. Of the coded crossings, 10,032 (or 94.3 percent) occurred within the marked intersection (i.e., marked crosswalk). These crossings can be broken down into when they occurred during the light phases. During the walk phase, 9,936 pedestrians crossed within the near marked intersection. An additional 52 crossings occurred in the marked intersection during the don’t walk phase. In addition, 44 crossings occurred in the marked intersection that included a traffic flow change. Of these, 39 began in the walk phase and ended in the don’t walk phase. Five crossings began in the don’t walk phase and concluded in the walk phase.

At Location 5, 603 (or 5.7 percent) of the total 10,635 pedestrian crossing took place at unmarked non-intersection areas. Of these crossings, 552 took place with traffic, and 35 took place against traffic. A portion of the pedestrian crossings that took place at an unmarked non-intersection area involved a traffic flow change. Fifteen of these crossings began with traffic and ended against traffic, while one began against traffic and ended with traffic.

Yielding:

There were a total of 19 yielding behaviors (combined across pedestrians and vehicles) at Location 5. In three cases, pedestrians yielded to vehicles, and in a single case, a vehicle yielded to a pedestrian in the marked intersection during the walk phase. In addition, in 11 instances a vehicle yielded to a pedestrian in the marked intersection that involved a traffic flow change; in each, the pedestrian began his or her crossing during the walk phase and concluded during the don’t walk phase.

In two instances, a pedestrian yielded to a vehicle, and in two instances, a vehicle yielded to a pedestrian in an unmarked non-intersection area.

Evasive Pedestrian Actions:

A total of 235 pedestrians took evasive actions. There were 163 instances of pedestrian running/ accelerated walking while in the marked intersection during the walk phase. An additional 29 pedestrians, who began crossing during the walk phase but completed their crossing in the don’t walk phase, ran/accelerated while in the marked intersection. During the don’t walk phase, 13 pedestrians ran/accelerated while crossing at the marked intersection. An additional two pedestrians, who began crossing during the don’t walk phase but completed their crossing in the walk phase, ran/accelerated while in the marked intersection. Nineteen pedestrians ran/accelerated while crossing in an unmarked non-intersection area.

In a total of five instances, the pedestrian abruptly stopped to avoid a potential collision with a vehicle. Of these, two occurred during the walk phase in the marked intersection. Two crossings occurred during the don’t walk phase, and a single pedestrian abruptly stopped while crossing at an unmarked non-intersection location.

In eight instances, pedestrians made a travel directional change. Of these, four occurred in the marked intersection during the walk phase, and four occurred in the marked intersection during the don’t walk phase.

Evasive Vehicle Actions:

No vehicle evasive actions were recorded during the data collection period at Location 5.

Table 7. Summary of pedestrian crossings at Location 5.

— Indicates no actions of this type were recorded.

Location 6

Total Crossings:

There were a total of 16,418 pedestrian crossings on 14th Street Northwest between New York Avenue Northwest and G Street Northwest during the coded data collection times. (See table 8 for a summary of crossings.) Of these crossings, 15,312 (or 93.3 percent) occurred within the marked intersection. These crossings can be broken down into when they occurred during the light phases. During the walk phase, 14,879 pedestrians crossed within the marked intersection. An additional 151 crossings occurred in the marked intersection during the don’t walk phase. In addition, 282 crossings occurred in the marked intersection and included a traffic flow change. Of these, 135 began in the walk phase and ended in the don’t walk phase. An additional 147 crossings began in the don’t walk phase and concluded in the walk phase.

At Location 6, 1,106 (or 6.7 percent) of the total 16,418 crossings took place at unmarked non-intersection areas. Of these crossings, 767 took place with traffic, and 183 took place against traffic. A portion of the pedestrian crossings that took place at an unmarked non-intersection area involved a traffic flow change. Forty-five of these crossings began with traffic and ended against traffic, while 111 began against traffic and ended with traffic.

Yielding:

There were a total of 1,357 yielding behaviors (combined across pedestrians and vehicles) at Location 6. In 22 cases, pedestrians yielded to vehicles, and in 1,300 cases, vehicles yielded to pedestrians in the marked intersection during the walk phase. There were also eight instances of yielding that involved a traffic flow change in the marked intersection. In a single instance, a vehicle yielded to the pedestrian, who began the crossing during the walk phase and concluded during the don’t walk phase in the marked intersection. In seven cases, the pedestrian yielded to a vehicle in a crossing that began during the don’t walk phase of and concluded during the walk phase.

In 26 cases, pedestrians yielded to vehicles in an unmarked non-intersection area. In a single instance, a vehicle yielded to a pedestrian in an unmarked non-intersection.

Evasive Pedestrian Actions:

A total of 416 pedestrians took evasive actions. There were 263 instances of pedestrian running/ walking while in the marked intersection during the walk phase. An additional 38 pedestrians, who began crossing during the walk phase but completed their crossing in the don’t walk phase, ran/accelerated while in the marked intersection. During the don’t walk phase, 31 pedestrians ran/accelerated while crossing at the marked intersection. An additional eight pedestrians, who began crossing during the don’t walk phase but completed their crossing in the walk phase, ran/accelerated while in the marked intersection. Fifty-eight pedestrians ran/accelerated while crossing in an unmarked non-intersection area.

In a total of 13 instances, the pedestrian abruptly stopped to avoid a potential collision with a vehicle. Of these, four occurred during the walk phase, and four occurred during the don’t walk phase in the marked intersection. Two additional cases involved a traffic flow change; pedestrians began their crossing during the don’t walk phase and concluded during the walk phase. Three pedestrians abruptly stopped while crossing at an unmarked non-intersection location.

In 11 instances, pedestrians made a travel directional change. Of these, six occurred in the marked intersection during the walk phase, and four occurred in the marked intersection during the don’t walk phase. A single directional change instance involved a traffic flow change; the pedestrian began crossing during the don’t walk phase and concluded during the walk phase.

Evasive Vehicle Actions:

No vehicle evasive actions were recorded during the data collection period at Location 6.

Table 8. Summary of pedestrian crossings at Location 6.

— Indicates no actions of this type were recorded.

Location 7

Total Crossings:

There were a total of 12,958 crossings on 19th Street Northwest between Pennsylvania Avenue Northwest and H Street Northwest during the coded data collection times. (See table 9 for a summary of crossings.) Of these crossings, 12,567 (or 97.0 percent) occurred within the marked intersection. These crossings can be broken down into when they occurred during the light phases. During the walk phase, 9,778 pedestrians crossed within the marked intersection. An additional 2,422 crossings occurred in the marked intersection during the don’t walk phase. In addition, 367 crossings occurred in the marked intersection and included a traffic flow change. Of these, 169 began in the walk phase and ended in the don’t walk phase. A further 198 crossings began in the don’t walk phase and concluded in the walk phase.

At Location 7, 391 (or 3.0 percent) of the total 12,958 crossings took place at unmarked non-intersection areas. Of these crossings, 235 took place with traffic, and 155 took place against traffic. Four crossings included a traffic flow change. A single pedestrian crossing began with traffic and ended against traffic, while three crossings began against traffic and ended with traffic.

Yielding:

There were a total of 5,100 yielding behaviors (combined across pedestrians and vehicles) at Location 7. In 72 instances, pedestrians yielded to vehicles, and in 4,958 cases, a vehicle yielded to a pedestrian in the marked intersection during the walk phase. There were also four cases where a pedestrian yielded to a vehicle and 15 cases where a vehicle yielded to a pedestrian in the marked intersection during the don’t walk phase.

There were 37 instances of yielding that involved a traffic flow change in the marked intersection. In 28 instances, a vehicle yielded to the pedestrian, who began the crossing during the walk phase and concluded during the don’t walk phase in the marked intersection. In seven cases, the pedestrian yielded to a vehicle in a crossing that began during the walk phase and concluded during the don’t walk phase. There were two instances of yielding for pedestrians who began crossing during the don’t walk phase and concluded during the walk phase; once the pedestrian yielded to the vehicle and once the vehicle yielded to the pedestrian.

In two cases, pedestrians yielded to vehicles in an unmarked non-intersection area. In 12 instances, a vehicle yielded to a pedestrian in an unmarked non-intersection.

Evasive Pedestrian Actions:

A total of 264 pedestrians took evasive actions. There were 22 instances of pedestrian running/accelerated walking while in the marked intersection during the walk phase. An additional 25 pedestrians, who began crossing during the walk phase but completed their crossing in the don’t walk phase, ran/accelerated while in the marked intersection. During the don’t walk phase, 126 pedestrians ran/accelerated while crossing at the marked intersection. Thirty-two pedestrians ran/accelerated while crossing in an unmarked non-intersection area.

In a total of 51 instances, the pedestrian abruptly stopped to avoid a potential collision with a vehicle. Of these, 49 occurred during the don’t walk phase in the marked intersection. In a single case that involved a traffic flow change, the pedestrian began crossing during the don’t walk phase and concluded during the walk phase. A single pedestrian abruptly stopped while crossing at an unmarked non-intersection location.

In 31 instances, pedestrians made a travel directional change. Of these, 29 occurred in the marked intersection during the don’t walk phase. A single directional change instance involved a pedestrian who began crossing during the walk phase in the marked intersection. A single pedestrian had a directional change while crossing at an unmarked non-intersection location.

Evasive Vehicle Actions:

No vehicle evasive actions were recorded during the data collection period at Location 7.

Table 9. Summary of pedestrian crossings at Location 7.

— Indicates no actions of this type were recorded.

Location 8

Total Crossings:

There were a total of 1,574 crossings on Connecticut Avenue between Oliver Street and Northampton Street Northwest during the coded data collection times. (See table 10 for a summary of crossings.) Of these crossings, 1,209 (or 76.8 percent) occurred within the marked intersection. These crossings can be broken down into when they occurred during the light phases. During the walk phase, 1,168 pedestrians crossed within the marked intersection. An additional 21 crossings occurred in the marked intersection during the don’t walk phase. In addition, 20 crossings occurred in the marked intersection and included a traffic flow change. Of these, 10 began in the walk phase and ended in the don’t walk phase. An additional 10 crossings began in the don’t walk phase and concluded in the walk phase.

At Location 7, 365 (or 23.2 percent) of the total 1,574 crossings took place at unmarked non-intersection areas. Of these crossings, 261 took place with traffic, and 86 took place against traffic. A portion of the pedestrian crossings that took place at an unmarked non-intersection area involved a traffic flow change. Ten of these crossings began with traffic and ended against traffic, while eight began against traffic and ended with traffic.

In 12 instances, a pedestrian waited in the median to complete a crossing at Location 8. Three of these occurred when pedestrians crossed during the don’t walk phase in the marked intersection. There were also nine crossings involving waiting on the median that occurred in the marked intersection and included a traffic flow change. Two of these crossings began with traffic and ended against traffic, and six began against traffic and ended with traffic. In a single case, a pedestrian waited in the median area when crossing at an unmarked non-intersection location.

Yielding:

There were a total of 12 yielding behaviors (combined across pedestrians and vehicles) at Location 8. In a single instance, a pedestrian yielded to a vehicle, and in four cases, a vehicle yielded to a pedestrian in the marked intersection during the walk phase. Two instances of yielding involved a traffic flow change in the marked intersection. In both instances, a vehicle yielded to the pedestrian who began the crossing during the walk phase and concluded during the don’t walk phase in the marked intersection.

In a single case, a pedestrian yielded to a vehicle in an unmarked non-intersection area. In four instances, a vehicle yielded to a pedestrian in an unmarked non-intersection.

Evasive Pedestrian Actions:

A total of 136 pedestrians took evasive actions at Location 8. There were 40 instances of pedestrian running/accelerated walking while in the marked intersection during the walk phase. An additional seven pedestrians, who began crossing during the walk phase but completed their crossing in the don’t walk phase, ran/accelerated while in the marked intersection. During the don’t walk phase, eight pedestrians ran/accelerated while crossing at the marked intersection. An additional four pedestrians began crossing during the don’t walk phase, but completed their crossing in the walk phase, ran/accelerated while in the marked intersection. Seventy-two pedestrians ran/accelerated while crossing in an unmarked non-intersection area.

In a total of eight instances, the pedestrian abruptly stopped to avoid a potential collision with a vehicle. Of these, one occurred during the don’t walk phase in the marked intersection. In three cases that involved a traffic flow change, the pedestrian began crossing during the don’t walk phase and concluded during the walk phase. Four pedestrians abruptly stopped while crossing at an unmarked non-intersection location.

There was a single instance of a pedestrian directional change. In this case, there was a traffic flow change where the pedestrian began crossing during the walk phase and completed the crossing during the don’t walk phase.

Evasive Vehicle Actions:

No vehicle evasive actions were recorded during the data collection period at Location 8.

Table 10. Summary of pedestrian crossings at Location 8.

— Indicates no actions of this type were recorded.