Development of Human Factors Guidelines for Advanced Traveler Information Systems and Commercial Vehicle Operations: Definition and Prioritization of Research Studies
APPENDIX C: EXPERIMENT 1 AND 1B RESULTS
EXPERIMENT 1 ANOVA TABLES
Table 64. Analysis of variance for TRAV1A: Guidance easy to learn.
source of variation |
df |
MS |
F |
p |
Age |
1 |
34.78 |
18.97 |
0.000 |
Gender |
1 |
0.02 |
0.01 |
0.912 |
Age X Gender |
1 |
1.05 |
0.57 |
0.450 |
Subjects |
102 |
1.83 |
|
|
Video |
1 |
1.89 |
5.78 |
0.18 |
Age X Video |
1 |
0.29 |
0.89 |
0.347 |
Gender X Video |
1 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.956 |
Age X Gender X Video |
1 |
0.05 |
0.14 |
0.705 |
Subjects |
102 |
0.33 |
|
|
Table 65. Analysis of variance for TRAV1B: Guidance easy to use.
source of variation |
df |
MS |
F |
p |
Age |
1 |
22.14 |
16.86 |
0.000 |
Gender |
1 |
0.05 |
0.04 |
0.851 |
Age X Gender |
1 |
0.41 |
0.31 |
0.578 |
Subjects |
99 |
1.31 |
|
|
Video |
1 |
9.54 |
20.68 |
0.000 |
Age X Video |
1 |
0.37 |
0.80 |
0.374 |
Gender X Video |
1 |
2.43 |
5.26 |
0.024 |
Age X Gender X Video |
1 |
0.31 |
0.67 |
0.416 |
Subjects |
99 |
0.46 |
|
|
Table 66. Analysis of variance for TRAV1C: Guidance useful.
source of variation |
df |
MS |
F |
p |
Age |
1 |
10.75 |
7.71 |
0.007 |
Gender |
1 |
0.04 |
0.03 |
0.867 |
Age X Gender |
1 |
0.52 |
0.38 |
0.542 |
Subjects |
99 |
1.39 |
|
|
Video |
1 |
3.21 |
7.05 |
0.009 |
Age X Video |
1 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.946 |
Gender X Video |
1 |
0.39 |
0.87 |
0.354 |
Age X Gender X Video |
1 |
1.47 |
3.21 |
0.076 |
Subjects |
99 |
0.46 |
|
|
Table 67. Analysis of variance for TRAV2A: Route map easy to learn.
source of variation |
df |
MS |
F |
p |
Age |
1 |
14.76 |
11.19 |
0.001 |
Gender |
1 |
0.11 |
0.09 |
0.770 |
Age X Gender |
1 |
0.38 |
0.29 |
0.592 |
Subjects |
102 |
1.32 |
|
|
Video |
1 |
0.95 |
2.32 |
0.131 |
Age X Video |
1 |
2.10 |
5.12 |
0.026 |
Gender X Video |
1 |
0.31 |
0.76 |
0.385 |
Age X Gender X Video |
1 |
2.15 |
5.26 |
0.024 |
Subjects |
102 |
0.41 |
|
|
Table 68. Analysis of variance for TRAV2B: Map route easy to use.
source of variation |
df |
MS |
F |
p |
Age |
1 |
13.10 |
8.51 |
0.004 |
Gender |
1 |
1.02 |
0.66 |
0.417 |
Age X Gender |
1 |
0.08 |
0.05 |
0.816 |
Subjects |
99 |
1.54 |
|
|
Video |
1 |
2.20 |
3.19 |
0.077 |
Age X Video |
1 |
2.81 |
4.07 |
0.046 |
Gender X Video |
1 |
0.28 |
0.41 |
0.523 |
Age X Gender X Video |
1 |
0.53 |
0.76 |
0.384 |
Subjects |
99 |
0.69 |
|
|
Table 69. Analysis of variance for TRAV2C: Route map useful.
source of variation |
df |
MS |
F |
p |
Age |
1 |
6.56 |
4.85 |
0.030 |
Gender |
1 |
0.41 |
0.31 |
0.582 |
Age X Gender |
1 |
0.05 |
0.03 |
0.853 |
Subjects |
100 |
1.35 |
|
|
Video |
1 |
2.27 |
3.69 |
0.058 |
Age X Video |
1 |
4.12 |
6.68 |
0.011 |
Gender X Video |
1 |
0.17 |
0.27 |
0.603 |
Age X Gender X Video |
1 |
4.12 |
6.68 |
0.011 |
Subjects |
100 |
0.62 |
|
|
Table 70. Analysis of variance for TRAV3A: Voice easy to learn.
source of variation |
df |
MS |
F |
p |
Age |
1 |
9.18 |
5.80 |
0.018 |
Gender |
1 |
0.83 |
0.52 |
0.471 |
Age X Gender |
1 |
0.29 |
0.18 |
0.670 |
Subjects |
102 |
1.58 |
|
|
Video |
1 |
5.19 |
10.06 |
0.002 |
Age X Video |
1 |
0.49 |
0.95 |
0.332 |
Gender X Video |
1 |
0.02 |
0.04 |
0.848 |
Age X Gender X Video |
1 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.985 |
Subjects |
102 |
0.52 |
|
|
Table 71. Analysis of variance for TRAV3B: Voice easy to use.
source of variation |
df |
MS |
F |
p |
Age |
1 |
9.15 |
6.08 |
0.015 |
Gender |
1 |
0.66 |
0.44 |
0.510 |
Age X Gender |
1 |
1.59 |
1.06 |
0.307 |
Subjects |
100 |
1.50 |
|
|
Video |
1 |
6.39 |
12.00 |
0.001 |
Age X Video |
1 |
0.97 |
1.83 |
0.179 |
Gender X Video |
1 |
0.04 |
0.07 |
0.785 |
Age X Gender X Video |
1 |
0.33 |
0.61 |
0.435 |
Subjects |
100 |
0.53 |
|
|
Table 72. Analysis of variance for TRAV3C: Voice useful.
source of variation |
df |
MS |
F |
p |
Age |
1 |
0.12 |
0.06 |
0.812 |
Gender |
1 |
0.32 |
0.15 |
0.704 |
Age X Gender |
1 |
0.02 |
0.01 |
0.925 |
Subjects |
100 |
2.21 |
|
|
Video |
1 |
10.67 |
9.30 |
0.003 |
Age X Video |
1 |
0.36 |
0.32 |
0.575 |
Gender X Video |
1 |
0.25 |
0.21 |
0.644 |
Age X Gender X Video |
1 |
0.67 |
0.58 |
0.448 |
Subjects |
100 |
1.15 |
|
|
Table 73. Analysis of variance for TRAV4: Routing preference.
source of variation |
df |
MS |
F |
p |
Age |
1 |
0.81 |
0.19 |
0.660 |
Gender |
1 |
2.23 |
0.54 |
0.465 |
Age X Gender |
1 |
0.85 |
0.21 |
0.652 |
Subjects |
99 |
4.16 |
|
|
Video |
1 |
32.27 |
39.01 |
0.000 |
Age X Video |
1 |
0.34 |
0.41 |
0.525 |
Gender X Video |
1 |
2.45 |
2.97 |
0.088 |
Age X Gender X Video |
1 |
0.12 |
0.14 |
0.704 |
Subjects |
99 |
0.83 |
|
|
Table 74. Analysis of variance for TRAV5A: TravTek easy to learn.
source of variation |
df |
MS |
F |
p |
Age |
1 |
35.18 |
23.36 |
0.000 |
Gender |
1 |
0.02 |
0.02 |
0.903 |
Age X Gender |
1 |
0.19 |
0.12 |
0.726 |
Subjects |
102 |
1.51 |
|
|
Video |
1 |
0.32 |
1.38 |
0.242 |
Age X Video |
1 |
0.01 |
0.03 |
0.869 |
Gender X Video |
1 |
0.15 |
0.65 |
0.421 |
Age X Gender X Video |
1 |
0.07 |
0.29 |
0.594 |
Subjects |
102 |
0.23 |
|
|
Table 75. Analysis of variance for TRAV5B: TravTek easy to use.
source of variation |
df |
MS |
F |
p |
Age |
1 |
17.71 |
13.95 |
0.000 |
Gender |
1 |
0.65 |
0.51 |
0.475 |
Age X Gender |
1 |
0.12 |
0.10 |
0.756 |
Subjects |
100 |
1.27 |
|
|
Video |
1 |
2.40 |
5.35 |
0.023 |
Age X Video |
1 |
0.10 |
0.22 |
0.643 |
Gender X Video |
1 |
0.03 |
0.08 |
0.783 |
Age X Gender X Video |
1 |
0.26 |
0.57 |
0.451 |
Subjects |
100 |
0.45 |
|
|
Table 76. Analysis of variance for TRAV5C: TravTek useful.
source of variation |
df |
MS |
F |
p |
Age |
1 |
7.38 |
4.74 |
0.032 |
Gender |
1 |
0.71 |
0.45 |
0.502 |
Age X Gender |
1 |
0.56 |
0.36 |
0.550 |
Subjects |
100 |
1.56 |
|
|
Video |
1 |
0.00 |
0.01 |
0.923 |
Age X Video |
1 |
0.08 |
0.21 |
0.650 |
Gender X Video |
1 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.991 |
Age X Gender X Video |
1 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.977 |
Subjects |
100 |
0.39 |
|
|
Table 77. Analysis of variance for TRAV6A: At home daily driving.
source of variation |
df |
MS |
F |
p |
Age |
1 |
0.04 |
0.10 |
0.756 |
Gender |
1 |
0.48 |
1.20 |
0.276 |
Age X Gender |
1 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.990 |
Subjects |
91 |
0.40 |
|
|
Video |
1 |
0.13 |
1.38 |
0.242 |
Age X Video |
1 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.967 |
Gender X Video |
1 |
0.13 |
1.38 |
0.242 |
Age X Gender X Video |
1 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.967 |
Subjects |
91 |
0.09 |
|
|
Table 78. Analysis of variance for TRAV6B: Out-of-town vacation driving.
source of variation |
df |
MS |
F |
p |
Age |
1 |
0.01 |
0.22 |
0.638 |
Gender |
1 |
0.00 |
0.02 |
0.900 |
Age X Gender |
1 |
0.02 |
0.48 |
0.492 |
Subjects |
97 |
0.05 |
|
|
Video |
1 |
0.00 |
0.15 |
0.700 |
Age X Video |
1 |
0.02 |
2.06 |
0.154 |
Gender X Video |
1 |
0.02 |
2.06 |
0.154 |
Age X Gender X Video |
1 |
0.00 |
0.15 |
0.700 |
Subjects |
97 |
0.01 |
|
|
Table 79. Analysis of variance for TRAV6C: Out-of-town business trips.
source of variation |
df |
MS |
F |
p |
Age |
1 |
0.20 |
3.02 |
0.085 |
Gender |
1 |
0.02 |
0.31 |
0.581 |
Age X Gender |
1 |
0.01 |
0.10 |
0.755 |
Subjects |
95 |
0.07 |
|
|
Video |
1 |
0.04 |
3.57 |
0.062 |
Age X Video |
1 |
0.04 |
3.57 |
0.062 |
Gender X Video |
1 |
0.00 |
0.01 |
0.917 |
Age X Gender X Video |
1 |
0.00 |
0.01 |
0.917 |
Subjects |
95 |
0.01 |
|
|
Table 80. Analysis of variance for TRAV7: Willing to pay for TravTek.
source of variation |
df |
MS |
F |
p |
Age |
1 |
828675.47 |
0.94 |
0.336 |
Gender |
1 |
316320.66 |
0.36 |
0.551 |
Age X Gender |
1 |
88385.67 |
0.10 |
0.753 |
Subjects |
94 |
884687.99 |
|
|
Video |
1 |
25815.68 |
0.80 |
0.373 |
Age X Video |
1 |
69187.12 |
2.15 |
0.146 |
Gender X Video |
1 |
36573.92 |
1.13 |
0.290 |
Age X Gender X Video |
1 |
12083.63 |
0.37 |
0.542 |
Subjects |
94 |
32245.92 |
|
|
Table 81. Analysis of variance for TRAV8A: Energy conservation.
source of variation |
df |
MS |
F |
p |
Age |
1 |
0.89 |
0.53 |
0.467 |
Gender |
1 |
1.74 |
1.05 |
0.309 |
Age X Gender |
1 |
1.06 |
0.64 |
0.427 |
Subjects |
96 |
1.66 |
|
|
Video |
1 |
0.98 |
3.18 |
0.078 |
Age X Video |
1 |
0.40 |
1.31 |
0.255 |
Gender X Video |
1 |
1.82 |
5.93 |
0.017 |
Age X Gender X Video |
1 |
0.99 |
3.22 |
0.076 |
Subjects |
96 |
0.31 |
|
|
Table 82. Analysis of variance for TRAV8B: Environmental quality.
source of variation |
df |
MS |
F |
p |
Age |
1 |
0.08 |
0.04 |
0.842 |
Gender |
1 |
2.38 |
1.17 |
0.282 |
Age X Gender |
1 |
2.91 |
1.43 |
0.234 |
Subjects |
96 |
2.04 |
|
|
Video |
1 |
0.64 |
2.81 |
0.097 |
Age X Video |
1 |
0.01 |
0.03 |
0.873 |
Gender X Video |
1 |
0.21 |
0.93 |
0.338 |
Age X Gender X Video |
1 |
0.39 |
1.72 |
0.193 |
Subjects |
96 |
0.23 |
|
|
Table 83. Analysis of variance for TRAV8C: Highway/traffic safety.
source of variation |
df |
MS |
F |
p |
Age |
1 |
2.78 |
1.45 |
0.231 |
Gender |
1 |
0.05 |
0.02 |
0.875 |
Age X Gender |
1 |
4.53 |
2.37 |
0.127 |
Subjects |
96 |
1.91 |
|
|
Video |
1 |
0.07 |
0.23 |
0.633 |
Age X Video |
1 |
0.21 |
0.63 |
0.428 |
Gender X Video |
1 |
0.07 |
0.23 |
0.633 |
Age X Gender X Video |
1 |
0.21 |
0.63 |
0.428 |
Subjects |
96 |
0.33 |
|
|
Table 84. Analysis of variance for TRAV8D: Relief of highway congestion.
source of variation |
df |
MS |
F |
p |
Age |
1 |
0.01 |
0.01 |
0.937 |
Gender |
1 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.985 |
Age X Gender |
1 |
2.16 |
1.20 |
0.277 |
Subjects |
96 |
1.81 |
|
|
Video |
1 |
0.55 |
1.89 |
0.173 |
Age X Video |
1 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.975 |
Gender X Video |
1 |
0.10 |
0.36 |
0.551 |
Age X Gender X Video |
1 |
0.00 |
0.01 |
0.942 |
Subjects |
96 |
0.29 |
|
|
Table 85. Analysis of variance for overall TravTek system capabilities.
source of variation |
df |
MS |
F |
p |
Age |
1 |
10581.91 |
23.51 |
0.000 |
Gender |
1 |
1348.51 |
3.00 |
0.086 |
Age X Gender |
1 |
817.74 |
1.82 |
0.181 |
Subjects |
105 |
450.05 |
|
|
Video |
1 |
21819.59 |
166.65 |
0.000 |
Age X Video |
1 |
1112.44 |
8.50 |
0.004 |
Gender X Video |
1 |
173.32 |
1.32 |
0.253 |
Age X Gender X Video |
1 |
0.22 |
0.00 |
0.967 |
Subjects |
105 |
130.93 |
|
|
Top
EXPERIMENT 1B ANOVA TABLES
Table 86. Analysis of covariance for CGTEST 1A.
source of variation |
df |
MS |
F |
p |
Covariates |
1 |
0.458 |
0.447 |
0.505 |
Type |
1 |
0.458 |
0.447 |
0.505 |
Main Effects |
2 |
4.925 |
4.801 |
0.010 |
Age |
1 |
9.322 |
9.089 |
0.003 |
Gender |
1 |
0.626 |
0.610 |
0.436 |
2-way Interactions |
1 |
0.025 |
0.024 |
0.877 |
Age X Gender |
1 |
0.025 |
0.024 |
0.877 |
Explained |
4 |
2.583 |
2.519 |
0.045 |
Residual |
122 |
1.026 |
|
|
Total |
126 |
1.075 |
|
|
Table 87. Analysis of covariance for CGTEST 1B.
source of variation |
df |
MS |
F |
p |
Covariates |
1 |
0.806 |
0.828 |
0.365 |
Type |
1 |
0.806 |
0.828 |
0.365 |
Main Effects |
2 |
5.560 |
5.714 |
0.004 |
Age |
1 |
10.647 |
10.942 |
0.001 |
Gender |
1 |
0.706 |
0.726 |
0.396 |
2-way Interactions |
1 |
0.078 |
0.080 |
0.778 |
Age X Gender |
1 |
0.078 |
0.080 |
0.778 |
Explained |
4 |
3.001 |
3.084 |
0.019 |
Residual |
120 |
0.973 |
|
|
Total |
124 |
1.038 |
|
|
Table 88. Analysis of covariance for CGTEST 1C.
source of variation |
df |
MS |
F |
p |
Covariates |
1 |
1.141 |
1.334 |
0.250 |
Type |
1 |
1.141 |
1.334 |
0.250 |
Main Effects |
2 |
5.488 |
6.419 |
0.002 |
Age |
1 |
9.769 |
11.425 |
0.001 |
Gender |
1 |
1.450 |
1.696 |
0.195 |
2-way Interactions |
1 |
0.137 |
0.160 |
0.690 |
Age X Gender |
1 |
0.137 |
0.160 |
0.690 |
Explained |
4 |
3.064 |
3.583 |
0.008 |
Residual |
121 |
0.855 |
|
|
Total |
125 |
0.926 |
|
|
Table 89. Analysis of covariance for CGTEST 2A.
source of variation |
df |
MS |
F |
p |
Covariates |
1 |
0.013 |
0.011 |
0.915 |
Type |
1 |
0.013 |
0.011 |
0.915 |
Main Effects |
2 |
15.595 |
13.663 |
0.000 |
Age |
1 |
31.114 |
27.260 |
0.000 |
Gender |
1 |
0.191 |
0.167 |
0.683 |
2-way Interactions |
1 |
0.756 |
0.663 |
0.417 |
Age X Gender |
1 |
0.756 |
0.663 |
0.417 |
Explained |
4 |
7.990 |
7.000 |
0.000 |
Residual |
120 |
1.141 |
|
|
Total |
124 |
1.362 |
|
|
Table 90. Analysis of covariance for CGTEST 2B.
source of variation |
df |
MS |
F |
p |
Covariates |
1 |
0.378 |
0.331 |
0.566 |
Type |
1 |
0.378 |
0.331 |
0.566 |
Main Effects |
2 |
12.761 |
11.165 |
0.000 |
Age |
1 |
24.431 |
21.376 |
0.000 |
Gender |
1 |
0.598 |
0.523 |
0.471 |
2-way Interactions |
1 |
0.163 |
0.143 |
0.706 |
Age X Gender |
1 |
0.163 |
0.143 |
0.706 |
Explained |
4 |
6.516 |
5.701 |
0.000 |
Residual |
118 |
1.143 |
|
|
Total |
122 |
1.319 |
|
|
Table 91. Analysis of covariance for CGTEST 2C.
source of variation |
df |
MS |
F |
p |
Covariates |
1 |
1.610 |
1.536 |
0.218 |
Type |
1 |
1.610 |
1.536 |
0.218 |
Main Effects |
2 |
12.499 |
11.928 |
0.000 |
Age |
1 |
24.981 |
23.839 |
0.000 |
Gender |
1 |
0.006 |
0.006 |
0.940 |
2-way Interactions |
1 |
0.444 |
0.423 |
0.517 |
Age X Gender |
1 |
0.444 |
0.423 |
0.517 |
Explained |
4 |
6.763 |
6.454 |
0.000 |
Residual |
120 |
1.048 |
|
|
Total |
124 |
1.232 |
|
|
Table 92. Analysis of covariance for CGTEST3.
source of variation |
df |
MS |
F |
p |
Covariates |
1 |
1.380 |
0.578 |
0.449 |
Type |
1 |
1.380 |
0.578 |
0.449 |
Main Effects |
2 |
1.811 |
0.758 |
0.471 |
Age |
1 |
2.572 |
1.077 |
0.301 |
Gender |
1 |
1.054 |
0.441 |
0.508 |
2-way Interactions |
1 |
0.093 |
0.039 |
0.844 |
Age X Gender |
1 |
0.093 |
0.039 |
0.844 |
Explained |
4 |
1.274 |
0.533 |
0.712 |
Residual |
117 |
2.388 |
|
|
Total |
121 |
2.351 |
|
|
Table 93. Analysis of covariance for CGTEST 4A.
source of variation |
df |
MS |
F |
p |
Covariates |
1 |
4.632 |
4.533 |
0.035 |
Type |
1 |
4.632 |
4.533 |
0.035 |
Main Effects |
2 |
6.578 |
6.439 |
0.002 |
Age |
1 |
11.691 |
11.442 |
0.001 |
Gender |
1 |
1.220 |
1.194 |
0.277 |
2-way Interactions |
1 |
0.298 |
0.291 |
0.590 |
Age X Gender |
1 |
0.298 |
0.291 |
0.590 |
Explained |
4 |
4.522 |
4.425 |
0.002 |
Residual |
118 |
1.022 |
|
|
Total |
122 |
1.136 |
|
|
Table 94. Analysis of covariance for CGTEST 4B.
source of variation |
df |
MS |
F |
p |
Covariates |
1 |
3.272 |
3.326 |
0.071 |
Type |
1 |
3.272 |
3.326 |
0.071 |
Main Effects |
2 |
6.538 |
6.645 |
0.002 |
Age |
1 |
11.044 |
11.225 |
0.001 |
Gender |
1 |
1.517 |
1.542 |
0.217 |
2-way Interactions |
1 |
0.499 |
0.507 |
0.478 |
Age X Gender |
1 |
0.499 |
0.507 |
0.478 |
Explained |
4 |
4.212 |
4.281 |
0.003 |
Residual |
116 |
0.984 |
|
|
Total |
120 |
1.091 |
|
|
Table 95. Analysis of covariance for CGTEST 4C.
source of variation |
df |
MS |
F |
p |
Covariates |
1 |
2.232 |
2.021 |
0.158 |
Type |
1 |
2.232 |
2.021 |
0.158 |
Main Effects |
2 |
2.445 |
2.214 |
0.114 |
Age |
1 |
3.180 |
2.879 |
0.092 |
Gender |
1 |
1.508 |
1.366 |
0.245 |
2–way Interactions |
1 |
1.275 |
1.155 |
0.285 |
Age X Gender |
1 |
1.275 |
1.155 |
0.285 |
Explained |
4 |
2.099 |
1.901 |
0.115 |
Residual |
117 |
1.104 |
|
|
Total |
121 |
1.137 |
|
|
Table 96. Analysis of covariance for overall CityGuide system capabilities.
source of variation |
df |
MS |
F |
p |
Covariates |
1 |
43.251 |
0.582 |
0.447 |
Type |
1 |
43.251 |
0.582 |
0.447 |
Main Effects |
2 |
1215.865 |
16.374 |
0.000 |
Age |
1 |
2235.330 |
30.103 |
0.000 |
Gender |
1 |
169.047 |
2.277 |
0.134 |
2-way Interactions |
1 |
87.178 |
1.174 |
0.281 |
Age X Gender |
1 |
87.178 |
1.174 |
0.281 |
Explained |
4 |
640.540 |
8.626 |
0.000 |
Residual |
123 |
74.255 |
|
|
Total |
127 |
92.091 |
|
|
Top
FHWA-RD-96-143
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