Table A-1: Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicle Emission Standards
| Model Year | Hydrocarbons (HC) | Carbon Monoxide (CO) | Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) | Particulate Matter (PM) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1974-78a | - | 40 | - | - |
| 1979-83b | 1.5 | 25 | - | - |
| 1984-87 | 1.3 | 15.5 | 10.7 | - |
| 1988-89 | 1.3 | 15.5 | 10.7 | 0.6 |
| 1990 | 1.3 | 15.5 | 6 | 0.6 |
| 1991-93 | 1.3 | 15.5 | 5 | 0.25 |
| 1994-97 | 1.3 | 15.5 | 5 | 0.1 |
| 1998-2003 | 1.3 | 15.5 | 4 | 0.1 |
| 2004-2006c,d | 0.5 | 15.5 | 2 | 0.1 |
| 2007+ | 0.14 | 15.5 | 0.2 | 0.01 |
Note a: Combined HC+NOx standard of 16 g/bhp-hr
Note b: Combined HC+NOx standard of 10 g/bhp-hr
Note c: Under a consent decree with U.S. EPA, engine makers implemented the 2004 standards in October 2002
Note d: Standards allow the option of 2.4 g/bhp-hr NMHC+NOx, or 2.5 g/bhp-hr NMHC+NOx and 0.5 NMHC
Source: http://www.dieselnet.com/standards/us/hd.html
Table A-2: U.S. Emission Baseline and Standards for Locomotives
| Emissions (g/bhp-hr) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| NOx | PM-10 | ||
| Est. 1990 Baseline Levels (unregulated) |
|||
| Line-haul duty-cycle | 13.0 | 0.32 | |
| Switch duty-cycle | 17.4 | 0.44 | |
| Tier 0 (1973 - 2001 model years) |
|||
| Line-haul duty-cycle | 9.5 | 0.60 | |
| Switch duty-cycle | 14.0 | 0.72 | |
| Tier 1 (2002 - 2004 model years) |
|||
| Line-haul duty-cycle | 7.4 | 0.45 | |
| Switch duty-cycle | 11.0 | 0.54 | |
| Tier 2 (2005 and later model years) |
|||
| Line-haul duty-cycle | 5.5 | 0.20 | |
| Switch duty-cycle | 8.1 | 0.24 | |
Source: U.S. EPA, Locomotive Emission Standards, Regulatory Support Document, April 1998.
Table A-3: Marine Vessel Emission Standards
| |
Emission Standards (g/kW-hr) |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Engine Category |
Power |
Displacement |
Year |
HC+NOx |
PM |
CO |
| Category 1 |
kW > 37 |
L/cy < 0.9 |
2005+ |
7.5 |
0.4 |
5.0 |
| |
|
0.9 < L/cy < 1.2 |
2004+ |
7.2 |
0.3 |
5.0 |
| |
|
1.2 < L/cy < 2.5 |
2004+ |
7.2 |
0.2 |
5.0 |
| |
|
2.5 < L/cy < 5.0 |
2007+ |
7.2 |
0.2 |
5.0 |
| Category 2 |
|
All Cat. 2 |
2004-06 |
IMO stds |
- |
- |
| |
|
5.0 < L/cy < 15 |
2007+ |
7.8 |
0.27 |
5.0 |
| |
kW < 3300 |
15 < L/cy < 20 |
2007+ |
8.7 |
0.5 |
5.0 |
| |
kW > 3300 |
15 < L/cy < 20 |
2007+ |
9.8 |
0.5 |
5.0 |
| |
|
20 < L/cy < 25 |
2007+ |
9.8 |
0.5 |
5.0 |
| |
|
25 < L/cy < 30 |
2007+ |
11.0 |
0.5 |
5.0 |
| Category 3 |
|
L/cy > 30 |
2004+ |
IMO stds |
- |
- |
| Note: IMO standards are defined as follows: |
if rpm > 2000 |
NOx = 9.8 g/kW-hr |
||||
| |
if 130 < rpm < 2000 |
NOx = 45 x rpm^(-0.2) g/kW-hr |
||||
| |
if rpm < 130 |
NOx = 17 g/kW-hr |
||||
Source: “Marine Diesel Engine Emission Control Programs,” presentation by Jean Marie Revelt, U.S. EPA, January 29, 2004.
Table A-4: Aircraft Emissions Standards (gas turbine engines)
|
|
Applicability |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pollutant |
Standard |
Rated Pressure Ratio |
Rated Output |
Year of Manuf. |
| CO |
118 g/kN (rated output) |
All |
All |
All |
| NOx |
(40 + 2(rated pressure ratio))g/kN(rated output) |
All |
All |
1997-1999 |
| NOx |
(32 +1.6(rated pressure ratio))g/kN(rated output) |
All |
All |
2000-2003 |
| NOx |
(37.572 + 1.6(rated pressure ratio) – 0.2087(rated output))g/kN (rated output) |
30 or less |
26.7 - 89 kN |
2004+ |
| NOx |
(19 + 1.6(rated pressure ratio)) g/kN(rated output) |
30 or less |
> 89 kN |
2004+ |
| NOx |
(42.71 + 1.4286(rated pressure ratio) - 0.4013(rated output) + 0.00642(rated pressure ratio -rated output)) g/kN(rated output) |
30 - 62.5 |
26.7 - 89 kN |
2004+ |
| NOx |
(7 + 2(rated pressure ratio) g/kN (rated output) |
30 - 62.5 |
> 89 kN |
2004+ |
| NOx |
32 + 1.6(rated pressure ratio) g/kN (rated output) |
greater than 62.5 |
All |
2004+ |
Note: Table does not reflect the latest NOx emissions standard as agreed at the sixth meeting of ICAO Committee on Aviation Environmental Protection (CAEP) in February 2004, which have not been promulgated by U.S. EPA regulations.
Source: U.S. EPA and the International Civil Aviation Organization.
Table A-5: EPA Non-Road Diesel Equipment Emission Standards
| Engine Power | Tier | Starting Model Year | Emission Standards (g/bhp-hr) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NMHC+NOx | NOx | CO | PM | |||
| hp < 11 | 1 | 2000 | 7.8 | 6.0 | 0.75 | |
| 2 | 2005 | 5.6 | 6.0 | 0.60 | ||
| 11 < hp < 25 | 1 | 2000 | 7.1 | 4.9 | 0.60 | |
| 2 | 2005 | 5.6 | 4.9 | 0.60 | ||
| hp < 25 | 4 | 2008 | 5.6 | 0.3 | ||
| 25 < hp < 50 | 1 | 1999 | 7.1 | 4.1 | 0.60 | |
| 2 | 2004 | 5.6 | 4.1 | 0.45 | ||
| 25 < hp < 75 | 4 | 2013 | 3.5 | 0.02 | ||
| 50 < hp < 100 | 2 | 2004 | 5.6 | 3.7 | 0.30 | |
| 3 | 2008 | 3.5 | 3.7 | 0.30 | ||
| 100 < hp < 175 | 2 | 2003 | 4.9 | 3.7 | 0.22 | |
| 3 | 2007 | 3.0 | 3.7 | 0.22 | ||
| 75 < hp < 175 | 4 | 2012 | 0.3 | 0.01 | ||
| 175 < hp < 300 | 2 | 2003 | 4.9 | 2.6 | 0.15 | |
| 3 | 2006 | 3.0 | 2.6 | 0.15 | ||
| 300 < hp < 600 | 2 | 2001 | 4.8 | 2.6 | 0.15 | |
| 3 | 2006 | 3.0 | 2.6 | 0.15 | ||
| 600 < hp < 750 | 2 | 2002 | 4.8 | 2.6 | 0.15 | |
| 3 | 2006 | 3.0 | 2.6 | 0.15 | ||
| 175 < hp < 750 | 4 | 2011 | 0.3 | 0.01 | ||
| hp > 750 | 2 | 2006 | 4.8 | 2.6 | 0.15 | |
| 4 | 2011 (gensets>1200 hp) | 0.5 | 0.075 | |||
| 4 | 2011 (all others) | 2.6 | 0.075 | |||
| 4 | 2015 (all gensets) | 0.5 | 0.02 | |||
| 4 | 2015 (all others) | |
2.6 | |
0.03 | |
Source: U.S. EPA, Control of Emissions of Air Pollution from Nonroad Diesel Engines and Fuel, June 29, 2004.
