Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil Integrated Bridge System Interim Implementation Guide
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Companion Document: Synthesis Report (PDF)
| Location |
Correction |
URL |
Page 9, section 2.1 |
Added “RFglobal: Global reduction factor for the geosynthetic to account for long-term strength losses due to installation damage, creep, and durability [dimensionless] |
https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/structures/11026/002.cfm#errata01 |
Page 17, last paragraph |
Change “gradations are shown in sections 3.3.2.1 and 3.3.2.2” to “gradations are shown in sections 3.3.1.1 and 3.3.1.2” |
https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/structures/11026/003.cfm#grs |
Page 34, step 6 |
Change “see section 4.4.7.3.1” to “see section 4.4.7.3” |
https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/structures/11026/004.cfm#errata03 |
Page 42, third paragraph |
Add “Direct sliding should also be checked at the interface between the RSF and the foundation soils.” at end of paragraph. |
https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/structures/11026/004.cfm#errata04 |
Page 44, section 4.3.7 |
Change “refer to appendix B” to “refer to appendix C” |
https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/structures/11026/004.cfm#errata05 |
Page 49, section 4.3.7.3 |
Change “(2) it must be less than the strength at 2 percent reinforcement strain (![Reinforcement strength at 2 percent reinforcement strain [F/L]](images/image612.gif) ).” to “(2) it must be less than the strength at 2 percent reinforcement strain () in the direction perpendicular to the abutment wall face.” |
https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/structures/11026/004.cfm#errata06 |
Page 72, first paragraph |
Delete two instances of “(see section 4.5.3)” |
https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/structures/11026/005.cfm#errata07 |
Page 73, first paragraph |
Change “Section 6.5 discusses drainage details” to “Section 7.11 discusses drainage details.” |
https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/structures/11026/005.cfm#errata08 |
Page 88, last paragraph |
Change “Overlapping between sheets is required.” to “Overlapping between sheets is not required.” |
https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/structures/11026/007.cfm#errata09 |
Page 90, fourth paragraph |
Add “In the bearing reinforcement zone, hand-operated compaction equipment should be used over the 4-inch lifts to prevent excessive installation damage of the reinforcement.” after second sentence. |
https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/structures/11026/007.cfm#errata10 |
Page 137, first paragraph |
Change “Refer to section 4.4 for discussion … and to section 4.5 for the ASD calculation” to ““Refer to section 4.3 for discussion … and to section 4.4 for the ASD calculation” |
https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/structures/11026/012.cfm#errata11 |
Page 141, first paragraph |
Change “A resistance factor for reinforcement strength (Φreinf) of 0.4 should be applied to the ultimate strength (Tf) to determine the factored reinforcement strength (Tf,f).” to “In addition to a global reduction factor of 2.25 accounting for long-term strength losses (RFglobal) of the geosynthetic, a resistance factor for reinforcement strength (Φreinf) of 0.9 should be applied to the ultimate strenth (Tf) to determine the factored reinforcement strength (Tf,f).” |
https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/structures/11026/012.cfm#errata12 |
Page 141, equation 93 |
Change
to
 |
https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/structures/11026/012.cfm#errata13 |
Page 141, section C.3 |
Change “design example in the ASD format contained in section 4.5.” to “sections of the design example in the ASD format contained in section 4.4.” |
https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/structures/11026/012.cfm#errata14 |
Page 145, section C.3.7.3 |
Change “Applying a resistance factor ( Φreinf ) of 0.4, the factored reinforcement strength (Tf,f) is 1,920 lb/ft.” to “Applying the resistance and global reduction factors of 0.9 and 2.25, respectively, the factored reinforcement strength (Tf,f) is 1,920 lb/ft.” |
https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/structures/11026/012.cfm#errata15 |
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FOREWORD
Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil (GRS) technology consists of closely spaced layers of geosynthetic reinforcement and compacted granular fill material. GRS has been used for a variety of earthwork applications since the U.S. Forest Service first used it to build walls for roads in steep mountain terrain in the 1970s. Since then, the technology has evolved into the GRS Integrated Bridge System (IBS), a fast, cost–effective method of bridge support that blends the roadway into the superstructure . GRS–IBS includes a reinforced soil foundation, a GRS abutment, and a GRS integrated approach. The application of IBS has several advantages. The system is easy to design and economically construct. It can be built in variable weather conditions with readily available labor, materials, and equipment and can easily be modified in the field. This method has significant value when employed for small, single–span structures meeting the criteria described in this manual.
As a result of the demonstrated performance of GRS–IBS, the technology was selected for the Federal Highway Administration's (FHWA) Every Day Counts initiative, aimed at accelerating implementation of proven, market–ready technologies. This manual is the first in a two–part series and outlines the design and construction of GRS–IBS. The second document is a synthesis report to substantiate the design method. Both documents are a collaboration between many disciplines within FHWA: geotechnical, structural, hydraulic, maintenance, and pavement engineering.
Jorge Pagán–Ortiz
Director, Office of Infrastructure
Research and Development
Notice
This document is disseminated under the sponsorship of the
U.S. Department of Transportation in the interest of information exchange. The
U.S. Government assumes no liability for the use of the information contained in this document.
The
U.S. Government does not endorse products or manufacturers. Trademarks or manufacturers' names appear in this report only because they are considered essential to the objective of the document.
Quality Assurance Statement
The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) provides high-quality information to serve Government, industry, and the public in a manner that promotes public understanding. Standards and policies are used to ensure and maximize the quality, objectivity, utility, and integrity of its information. FHWA periodically reviews quality issues and adjusts its programs and processes to ensure continuous quality improvement.
Technical Report Documentation Page
| 1. Report No.
FHWA-HRT-11-026 |
2. Government Accession No. |
3 Recipient's Catalog No. |
| 4. Title and Subtitle
Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil Integrated Bridge System, Interim Implementation Guide |
5. Report Date
January 2011
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6. Performing Organization Code
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| 7. Author(s)
Michael Adams, Jennifer Nicks, Tom Stabile, Jonathan Wu, Warren Schlatter, and Joseph Hartmann |
8. Performing Organization Report No.
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9. Performing Organization Name and Address
Office of Infrastructure Research and Development
Federal Highway Administration
6300 Georgetown Pike
McLean, VA 22181 |
10. Work Unit No. (TRAIS)
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| 11. Contract or Grant No.
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| 12. Sponsoring Agency Name and Address
Federal Highway Administration
U.S. Department of Transportation
1200 New Jersey Avenue, SE
Washington, DC 20590 |
13. Type of Report and Period Covered
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14. Sponsoring Agency Code
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| 15. Supplementary Notes
The FHWA Contracting Officer's Technical Representative (COTR) was Mike Adams, HRDS–40.
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| 16. Abstract
This manual outlines the state–of–the–art and recommended practice for designing and constructing Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil (GRS) technology for the application of the Integrated Bridge System (IBS). The procedures presented in this manual are based on 40 years of State and Federal research focused on GRS technology as applied to abutments and walls.
This manual was developed to serve as the first in a two–part series aimed at providing engineers with the necessary background knowledge of GRS technology and its fundamental characteristics as an alternative to other construction methods. The manual presents step–by–step guidance on the design of GRS–IBS. Analytical and empirical design methodologies in both the Allowable Stress Design (ASD) and Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) formats are provided. Material specifications for standard GRS–IBS are also provided. Detailed construction guidance is presented along with methods for the inspection, performance monitoring, maintenance, and repair of GRS–IBS. Quality assurance and quality control procedures are also covered in this manual.
The second part of this series (FHWA–HRT–11–027) is a synthesis report that covers the background of GRS–IBS and provides other supporting information to substantiate the design method.
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| 17. Key Words
Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil (GRS), Integrated Bridge System (IBS), Design, Construction, Performance test, Geosynthetic, material specifications, Quality assurance, Quality control |
18. Distribution Statement
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19. Security Classification
(of this report)
Unclassified
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20. Security Classification
(of this page)
Unclassified
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21. No. of Pages
169
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22. Price |
| Form DOT F 1700.7 |
Reproduction of completed page authorized |
SI Modern Metric Conversion Factors
TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST OF FIGURES
LIST OF TABLES
- Table 1. GRS abutment well–graded backfill (VDOT 21-A)
- Table 2. GRS abutment open–graded backfill (AASHTO No. 89)
- Table 3. Conformance criteria
- Table 4. Bearing capacity factors
- Table 5. Foundation and retained backfill soil properties
- Table 6. Road base soil properties
- Table 7. Reinforced fill properties
- Table 8. Loads and surcharges for Bowman Road Bridge
- Table 9. Depth of bearing bed reinforcement calculations
- Table 10. Required reinforcement along height of wall
- Table 11. Defiance County, OH, AASHTO No. 89, clean, crushed limestone
- Table 12. Warren County, OH, AASHTO No. 67, clean, crushed rock
- Table 13. King County, WA, WSDOT 11/4-inch minus gravel, clean round rock with sand mixture-pit run
- Table 14. St. Lawrence County, NY, NYSDOT No. 1, clean crushed rock
- Table 15. Urbana, IL, Seismic Test Abutment, IDOT CA6 road base, subrounded gravel with sand mix
- Table 16. Typical load combinations and load factors
- Table 17. Load factors for permanent loads
- Table 18. Depth of bearing bed reinforcement calculations (LRFD)
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