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Validation Report

References

Anderson 1998
Anderson, Grant S., Cynthia S.Y. Lee, Gregg G. Fleming, and Christopher W. Menge, "FHWA Traffic Noise Model, Version 1.0: User's Guide," Report Nos. FHWA-PD-96-009 and DOT-VNTSC-FHWA-98-1 (U.S. Department of Transportation, Volpe National Transportation Systems Center, Acoustics Facility, Cambridge, MA, 1998)
Anderson 1999
Anderson, Grant S., "Hard-Site, Soft-Site Study: Emissions Measurements and Propagation Acoustics,"Report No. 295700-12 (Prepared for California Department of Transportation by Harris, Miller, Miller, and Hanson, Inc., Burlington, MA, 1999)
ANSI 1995
American National Standards Institute and the Acoustical Society of America Standards, "Measurement of Sound Pressure Levels in Air," ANSI S1.13-1995 (Acoustical Society of America, New York, New York, 1995)
ANSI 1998
American National Standards Institute and the Acoustical Society of America Standards, "Methods for Determining the Insertion Loss of Outdoor Noise Barriers," ANSI S12.8-1998 (Acoustical Society of America, New York, New York, 1998)
Boulanger 1997
Boulanger, Patrice, Waters-Fuller, Tim, Attenborough, Keith, and Li, Kai Ming, "Models and Measurements of Sound Propagation from a Point Source over Mixed Impedance Ground," Journal of the Acoustical Society, 102(3) 1997
Bowlby 2000
Bowlby, William, "TNM validation work, I-40/I-240, Memphis, TN," Study overviews from Bowlby and Associates, Inc. (2000)
Bowlby 2014
William Bowlby, Ph.D., P.E., Rennie L. Williamson, Kathryn E. Bowlby, Kenneth Kaliski, "Sensitivity Test Case Results Comparing FHWA TNM 2.5 and TNM 3.0," 2014.
Carpenter 1999
Carpenter, Sharon P., "TNM insertion loss study," Presentation at Highway Noise Subcommittee Meeting of Annual Transportation Research Board Conference (January, 1999)
Embleton 1983
Embleton, T.F.W., J.E. Piercy, and G.A. Daigle, "Effective flow resistivity of ground surfaces determined by acoustical measurements," J. Acoust. Soc. Am., Vol. 74, No. 4, pp. 1239-1244 (1983)
Fleming 1992
Fleming, Gregg G., and E. Rickley, "Parallel Barrier Effectiveness Under Free-flowing Traffic Conditions,"Report Nos. FHWA-RD-92-086 and DOT-VNTSC-FHWA-92-1 (Federal Highway Administration, Office of Engineering and Highway Operations Research and Development, McLean, VA, 1992)
Fleming 1996
Fleming, Gregg G., Amanda S. Rapoza, and Cynthia S.Y. Lee, "Development of National Reference Energy Mean Emission Levels for The FHWA Traffic Noise Model (FHWA TNM®), Version 1.0,"Report Nos. FHWA-PD-96-008 and DOT-VNTSC-FHWA-96-2 (U.S. Department of Transportation, Volpe National Transportation Systems Center, Acoustics Facility, Cambridge, MA, 1996)
Harris 2000
Harris, R.A., L.F. Cohn, and Susan Knudson, "Evaluation of the Federal Highway Administration's Traffic Noise Model," Journal of Transportation Engineering, Vol. 126, pp. 513-520 (2000)
Hastings 2015
Hastings, Aaron L, "Technical Manual Update for TNM Acoustics 3.0".
Hendriks 1991
Hendriks, Rudolf W., "Field Evaluation of Acoustical Performance of Parallel Highway Noise Barriers Along Route 99 in Sacramento, California,"Report No. FHWA/CA/TL-91/01 (California Department of Transportation, Sacramento, CA, 1991)
Huybregts 2001
Huybregts, Cornelius and Stephen Samuels, "Experiences with Implementing the American FHWA (TNM) in Australia," Proceedings of Inter-noise 2001 (2001)
Lee 1996
Lee, Cynthia S.Y. and Gregg G. Fleming, "Measurement of Highway- Related Noise,"Report Nos. FHWA-PD-96-046 and DOT-VNTSC-FHWA- 96-5 (U.S. Department of Transportation, Volpe National Transportation Systems Center, Acoustics Facility, Cambridge, MA, 1996)
Menge 1998
Menge, Christopher W., Christopher F. Rossano, Grant S. Anderson, and Christopher J. Bajdek, "FHWA Traffic Noise Model, Version 1.0: Technical Manual," Report Nos. FHWA-PD-96-010 and DOT-VNTSC- FHWA-98-2 (U.S. Department of Transportation, Volpe National Transportation Systems Center, Acoustics Facility, Cambridge, MA, 1998)
Parkin 1965
Parkin, P.H., and W.E. Scholes, "The horizontal propagation of sound from a jet engine close to the ground, at Hatfield," J. Sound Vib., Vol. 2, No. 4, pp. 353-374 (1965)
Romick 1999
Romick-Allen, Richard K., Susan M. Morgan, Chiang Lin, and Rex Pierce, "Acoustics of Sound Transmission Over Noise Barrier Walls,"Report No. ITRC FR 97-4 (Illinois Transportation Research Center, Edwardsville, IL, 1999)
Rochat 2002
Rochat, Judith L. and Gregg G. Fleming, "Validation of FHWA's Traffic Noise Model® (TNM): Phase 1," Report Nos. FHWA-EP-02-031 and DOT-VNTSC-FHWA-02-01 (U.S. Department of Transportation, Volpe National Transportation Systems Center, Acoustics Facility, Cambridge, MA, 2002)
Scholes 1971
Scholes, W.E., A.C. Salvidge, and J.W. Sargent, "Field performance of a noise barrier," J. Sound Vib., Vol. 16, pp. 627-642 (1971)
Staiano 2001
Staiano, Michael A., "TNM validation case – April 2000 measurements of Interstate I-97," Study overview from Staiano Engineering, Inc. (2001)
Wayson 2001
Wayson, Roger L., et.al, "Noise barrier measurement, modeling and Evaluation at multiple sites in Florida," Proceedings of Inter-Noise 2001 (2001)
Updated: 1/23/2020
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