List of Exhibits

List of Exhibits

Highlights

2012 Extent of the Highway System

2002—2012 Highway System Trends

2012—2032 Future Highway Capital Investment Scenarios

2012 Extent of the Transit System

2002—2012 Transit Trends in Urban Areas

2012—2032 Future Transit Capital Investment Scenarios

Executive Summary

Main Report

Exhibit 1-1 Vehicle Miles Traveled by Type of Travel

Exhibit 1-2 Per Capita Vehicle Miles Traveled, 1987—2012

Exhibit 1-3 Licensing Percentages for 16- and 24-year olds, 1978—2012

Exhibit 1-4 Per Capita Daily Passenger Miles Traveled and Vehicle Miles Traveled, 1977—2009

Exhibit 1-5 Percentage Change in Trips by Travel Mode, 1990—2009

Exhibit 1-6 Average Annual Person Miles and Person Trips per Household by Trip Purpose

Exhibit 1-7 Population Age Structure, 1960, 1990, and 2020

Exhibit 1-8 Racial and Ethnic Composition of the United States, 1970—2050

Exhibit 1-9 Labor Force Participation Rates, 1947—2012 and Projected Rates for 2022

Exhibit 1-10 Regional Migration and Growth

Exhibit 1-11 Percentage Point Change in Young Adult Population (Ages 20—34 Years) by Neighborhood Type, 2000—2010

Exhibit 1-12 Emerging Megaregions of the United States

Exhibit 1-13 Impact of Carshare Membership on Household Vehicle Miles Traveled, Gasoline Consumption, and Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Exhibit 1-14 Teleworking Population, 2005 and 2009

Exhibit 1-15 Top 10 U.S. Metropolitan Statistical Areas Ranked by Percentage of Workers 16 Years Old and Older Who Worked from Home

Exhibit 1-16 Goods Movement by Mode, 2012

Exhibit 1-17 Tonnage on Highways, Railroads, and Waterways, 2010

Exhibit 1-18 Average Daily Long-Haul Freight Truck Traffic on the National Highway System, 2011

Exhibit 1-19 Annual Freight Transportation Services Index Values, 2000—2014

Exhibit 1-20 Weight of Shipments by Transportation Mode

Exhibit 1-21 Average Daily Long-Haul Freight Truck Traffic on the National Highway System, 2040

Exhibit 1-22 The Spectrum of Freight Moved, 2007

Exhibit 1-23 Major Truck Routes on the National Highway System, 2011

Exhibit 1-24 Trucks and Truck Miles by Range of Operations

Exhibit 1-25 Total U.S.-Canada Trade Value by Transportation Mode, 2000—2014

Exhibit 1-26 Total U.S.-Canada Trade Tonnage by Transportation Mode, 2000—2013

Exhibit 1-27 Total U.S.-Mexico Trade Value by Transportation Mode, 2000—2014

Exhibit 1-28 Total U.S.-Mexico Trade Tonnage by Transportation Mode, 2000—2013

Exhibit 2-1 Highway and Bridge Ownership by Level of Government

Exhibit 2-2 Highway Miles, Lane Miles, Vehicle Miles Traveled, Passenger Miles Traveled, and Bridges, 2002—2012

Exhibit 2-3 Annual Growth Rates in Vehicle Miles Traveled, 1992—2012

Exhibit 2-4 Federal-Aid Highway Miles, Lane Miles, Vehicle Miles Traveled, and Number of Bridges, 2002—2012

Exhibit 2-5 Share of Highway Miles, Lane Miles, Vehicle Miles Traveled, and Truck Vehicle Miles Traveled On and Off the National Highway System, 2012

Exhibit 2-6 Interstate Highway Miles, Lane Miles, Vehicle Miles Traveled, and Numbers of Bridges, 2002—2012

Exhibit 2-7 National Network for Conventional Combination Trucks, 2013

Exhibit 2-8 Functional Classifications

Exhibit 2-9 Highway Functional Classification System Hierarchy

Exhibit 2-10 Percentages of Highway Miles, Lane Miles, Vehicle Miles Traveled, Bridges, Bridge Deck Area, and Bridge Traffic by Functional System, 2012

Exhibit 2-11 Highway Route Miles by Functional System, 2002—2012

Exhibit 2-12 Highway Lane Miles by Functional System, 2002—2012

Exhibit 2-13 Vehicle Miles Traveled by Functional System, 2002—2012

Exhibit 2-14 Highway Travel by Functional System and Vehicle Type, 2008—2012

Exhibit 2-15 Number of Bridges by Functional System, 2002—2012

Exhibit 2-16 Highway Route Miles, Lane Miles, and Vehicle Miles Traveled on the National Highway System Compared with All Roads, by Functional System, 2012

Exhibit 2-17 Rail Modes Serving Urbanized Areas

Exhibit 2-18 Transit Active Fleet by Vehicle Type, 2012

Exhibit 2-19 Composition of Urban Transit Road Vehicle Fleet, 2012

Exhibit 2-20 Maintenance Facilities for Directly Operated Services, 2012

Exhibit 2-21 Transit Rail Mileage and Stations, 2012

Exhibit 2-22 Rural Transit Vehicles, 2010 and 2012

Exhibit 2-23 Urban Transit Operators' ADA Vehicle Fleets by Mode, 2012

Exhibit 2-24 Urban Transit Operators' ADA-Compliant Stations by Mode, 2012

Exhibit 2-25 Percentage of Urban Bus Fleet Using Alternative Fuels, 2002—2012

Exhibit 2-26 Hybrid Buses as a Percentage of Urban Bus Fleet, 2007—2012

Exhibit 3-1 Condition Rating Classifications Used in the 2015 C&P Report

Exhibit 3-2 Federal-Aid Highway Pavement Conditions, 2012

Exhibit 3-3 Bridge and Culvert Conditions, 2012

Exhibit 3-4 Pavement Ride Quality on Federal-Aid Highways, 2002—2012

Exhibit 3-5 Percentages of National Highway System Vehicle Miles Traveled on Pavements With Good and Acceptable Ride Quality, 2002—2012

Exhibit 3-6 Percentages of Vehicle Miles Traveled on Pavements with Good and Acceptable Ride Quality by Functional System, 2002—2012

Exhibit 3-7 Structurally Deficient Bridges-Systemwide, 2002—2012

Exhibit 3-8 Structurally Deficient Bridges by Owner, 2012

Exhibit 3-9 Structurally Deficient Bridges on the National Highway System, 2002—2012

Exhibit 3-10 Structurally Deficient Bridges on the Strategic Highway Network, 2002—2012

Exhibit 3-11 Structurally Deficient Bridges by Functional Class, 2002—2012

Exhibit 3-12 Bridges by Age, 2012

Exhibit 3-13 Percentages of Structurally Deficient Bridges by Age, 2012

Exhibit 3-14 Rural Alignment by Functional Class, 2012

Exhibit 3-15 Lane Width by Functional Class, 2012

Exhibit 3-16 Functionally Obsolete Bridges-Systemwide, 2002—2012

Exhibit 3-17 Functionally Obsolete Bridges on the National Highway System, 2002—2012

Exhibit 3-18 Functionally Obsolete Bridges by Functional Class, 2002—2012

Exhibit 3-19 Percentages of Functionally Obsolete Bridges by Age, 2012

Exhibit 3-20 Bridge Deficiencies: Systemwide vs. National Highway System, 2012

Exhibit 3-21 Definitions of Transit Asset Conditions

Exhibit 3-22 Distribution of Asset Physical Conditions by Asset Type for All Modes

Exhibit 3-23 Estimated Replacement Value of the Nation's Transit Assets, 2012

Exhibit 3-24 Urban Transit Bus Fleet Count, Age, and Condition, 2002—2012

Exhibit 3-25 Age Distribution of Fixed-Route Buses (Urban Areas), 2012

Exhibit 3-26 Age Distribution of Vans, Minivans, Autos, and Cutaways (Urban Areas), 2012

Exhibit 3-27 Distribution of Estimated Asset Conditions by Asset Type for Fixed-Route Bus

Exhibit 3-28 Urban Transit Rail Fleet Count, Age, and Condition, 2002—2012

Exhibit 3-29 Age Distribution of Rail Transit Vehicles, 2012

Exhibit 3-30 Age Distribution of Rail Transit Vehicles, 2012

Exhibit 3-31 Distribution of Asset Physical Conditions by Asset Type for All Rail

Exhibit 3-32 Distribution of Asset Physical Conditions by Asset Type for Heavy Rail

Exhibit 3-33 Non-Vehicle Transit Assets: Age and Condition, 2012

Exhibit 3-34 Age Distribution of Rural Transit Vehicles for Fixed-Route Buses, 2012

Exhibit 3-35 Age Distribution of Rural Transit Vehicles for Vans, Minivans, Autos, and Cutaways, 2012

Exhibit 4-1 Crashes by Severity, 2002—2012

Exhibit 4-2 Summary of Fatality and Injury Rates, 1966—2012

Exhibit 4-3 Fatalities, 1980—2012

Exhibit 4-4 Fatality Rates, 1980—2012

Exhibit 4-5 Fatalities by Functional System, 2002—2012

Exhibit 4-6 Fatality Rates by Functional System, 2002—201

Exhibit 4-7 Highway Fatalities by Crash Type, 2002—2012

Exhibit 4-8 Intersection-Related Fatalities by Functional System, 2012

Exhibit 4-9 Pedestrian and Other Nonmotorist Traffic Fatalities, 2002—2012

Exhibit 4-10 Annual Transit Fatalities Excluding Suicides, 2002—2012

Exhibit 4-11 Transit Fatality Rates by Person Type per 100 Million PMT, 2002—2012

Exhibit 4-12 Annual Transit Fatalities Including Suicides, 2002—2012

Exhibit 4-13 Transit Injury Rates by Person Type per 100 Million PMT, 2002—2012

Exhibit 4-14 Annual Transit Fatalities Excluding Suicides by Highway Mode per 100 Million PMT, 2002—2012

Exhibit 4-15 Annual Transit Fatalities Excluding Suicides by Rail Mode per 100 Million PMT, 2002—2012

Exhibit 4-16 Transit Incidents and Injuries by Mode per 100 Million PMT, 2004—2012

Exhibit 4-17 Commuter Rail Fatalities, 2002—2012

Exhibit 4-18 Commuter Rail Incidents, 2002—2012

Exhibit 4-19 Commuter Rail Injuries, 2002—2012

Exhibit 5-1 Travel Time Index for 52 Urban Areas, 2012

Exhibit 5-2 Quarterly Travel Time Index for 52 Urban Areas, 2012

Exhibit 5-3 Congested Hours per Weekday for 52 Urban Areas, 2012

Exhibit 5-4 Miles by Duration of Congestion: Minneapolis/St. Paul, 2002—2012

Exhibit 5-5 Planning Time Index for 52 Urban Areas (95th Percentile)

Exhibit 5-6 Congestion in Atlanta, 2009—2010

Exhibit 5-7 Travel Time Index for All Urbanized Areas, 2002—2012

Exhibit 5-8 National Congestion Measures, 2002—2012

Exhibit 5-9 Annual Delay: Washington State, 2007—2012

Exhibit 5-10 Peak-Period Congestion on the High-Volume Truck Portions1 of the National Highway System, 2011

Exhibit 5-11 Top 25 Congested Freight-Significant Locations, 2013

Exhibit 5-12 Average Truck Speeds on Selected Interstate Highways, 2012

Exhibit 5-13 FAF Network Commodity Tonnage

Exhibit 5-14 Top 25 Intercity Truck Corridors

Exhibit 5-15 Travel Time Reliability Planning Time Index for the Top 25 Intercity Truck Corridors in the United States, 2011—2014

Exhibit 5-16 Average Travel Speeds for the Top 25 Intercity Truck Corridors in the United States, 2011—2014

Exhibit 5-17 Examples of Sustainable Community Indicators

Exhibit 5-18 Transportation-related Greenhouse Gas Emissions By Mode, 2013

Exhibit 5-19 Average Speeds for Passenger-Carrying Transit Modes, 2012

Exhibit 5-20 Unadjusted Vehicle Occupancy: Passenger Miles per Vehicle Revenue Mile, 2002—2012

Exhibit 5-21 Average Seat Occupancy Calculations for Passenger-Carrying Transit Modes, 2012

Exhibit 5-22 Vehicle Service Utilization: Vehicle Revenue Miles per Active Vehicle by Mode

Exhibit 5-23 Distribution of Passengers by Wait Time

Exhibit 5-24 Share of Working-Age Residents with Access to Transit, 100 Metropolitan Areas

Exhibit 5-25 Mean Distance between Failures, Directly Operated Service, 2004—2012

Exhibit 5-26 Transit Urban Directional Route Miles, 2002—2012

Exhibit 5-27 Rail and Nonrail Vehicle Revenue Miles, 2002—2012

Exhibit 5-28 Capacity-Equivalent Factors by Mode

Exhibit 5-29 Capacity-Equivalent Vehicle Revenue Miles, 2002—2012

Exhibit 5-30 Unlinked Passenger Trips (Total in Millions and percent of Total) by Mode, 2012

Exhibit 5-31 Passenger Miles Traveled (Total in Billions and percent of Total) by Mode, 2012

Exhibit 5-32 Transit Urban Passenger Miles, 2002—2012

Exhibit 5-33 Transit Urban Average Unlinked Passenger Trip Length vs. Average Revenue Speed for Selected Modes

Exhibit 5-34 Transit Ridership vs. Employment, 2006—2012

Exhibit 6-1 Government Revenue Sources for Highways, 2012

Exhibit 6-2 Disposition of Highway-User Revenue by Level of Government, 2012

Exhibit 6-3 Highway Trust Fund Highway Account Receipts and Outlays, Fiscal Years 2000—2014

Exhibit 6-4 Government Revenue Sources for Highways, 2002—2012

Exhibit 6-5 Percentages of Highway Revenue Derived from User Charges, Each Level of Government, 2002—2012

Exhibit 6-6 Direct Expenditures for Highways by Expending Agency and Type, 2012

Exhibit 6-7 Expenditures for Highways by Type, All Units of Government, 2002—2012

Exhibit 6-8 Funding for Highways by Level of Government, 2002—2012

Exhibit 6-9 Comparison of Inflation Indices (Converted to a 2002 Base Year), 2002—2012

Exhibit 6-10 Highway Capital, Noncapital, and Total Expenditures in Current and Constant 2012 Dollars, All Units of Government, 1992—2012

Exhibit 6-11 Highway Expenditures Funded by Federal and Non-Federal Sources in Current and Constant 2012 Dollars, 1992—2012

Exhibit 6-12 Highway Capital Outlay by Improvement Type, 2012

Exhibit 6-13 Distribution of Capital Outlay by Improvement Type and Functional System, 2012

Exhibit 6-14 Capital Outlay on All Roads by Improvement Type, 2002—2012

Exhibit 6-15 Capital Outlay on Federal-Aid Highways by Improvement Type, 2002—2012

Exhibit 6-16 Capital Outlay on the National Highway System by Improvement Type, 2002—2012

Exhibit 6-17 Capital Outlay on the Interstate System, by Improvement Type, 2002—2012

Exhibit 6-18 2012 Urban Revenue Sources for Transit Funding (Millions of Dollars)

Exhibit 6-19 2012 Urban Transit Revenue Sources (Billions of Dollars)

Exhibit 6-20 Mass Transit Account Receipts and Outlays, Fiscal Years 2002—2012

Exhibit 6-21 Urban Recovery Act Funding Awards Compared to Other FTA Fund Awards

Exhibit 6-22 2012 Urban State and Local Sources of Transit Funding, Millions of Dollars

Exhibit 6-23 Urban Funding for Transit by Government Jurisdiction, 2002—2012 (Constant Dollars)

Exhibit 6-24 Urban Current and Constant Dollar Funding for Public Transportation, 1992—2012 (All Sources)

Exhibit 6-25 Urban Applications of Federal Funds for Transit Operating and Capital Expenditures, 2002—2012

Exhibit 6-26 Urban Sources of Funds for Transit Capital Expenditures, 2002—2012

Exhibit 6-27 2012 Urban Transit Capital Expenditures by Mode and Type

Exhibit 6-28 Capital Expenditures Applied by Rehabilitation and Expansion by Mode, 2003—2012 (Millions, Constant Dollars)

Exhibit 6-29 Urban Sources of Funds for Transit Operating Expenditures, 2002—2012

Exhibit 6-30 Urban Transit Operating Expenditures by Mode, 2002—2012

Exhibit 6-31 Urban Operating Expenditures by Mode and Functions, 2012

Exhibit 6-32 2012 Urban Rail Operating Expenditures by Type of Cost, Millions of Dollars

Exhibit 6-33 2012 Urban Nonrail Operating Expenditures by Type of Cost, Millions of Dollars

Exhibit 6-34 Urban Operating Expenditures per Vehicle Revenue Mile, 2002—2012 (Constant Dollars)

Exhibit 6-35 Urban Average Fares and Operating Costs per Mile-Top 10 Transit Agencies, 2002—2012 (Constant Dollars)

Exhibit 6-36 Urban Growth in Operating Costs-Top 10 Agencies, 2002—2012 (Constant Dollars), Directly Operated Services

Exhibit 6-37 Urban Operating Expenditures per Capacity-Equivalent Vehicle Revenue Mile by Mode, 2002—2012 (Constant Dollars)

Exhibit 6-38 Urban Operating Expenditures per Passenger Mile, 2002—2012 (Constant Dollars)

Exhibit 6-39 Urban Farebox Recovery Ratio by Mode, 2004—2012

Exhibit 6-40 Rural Transit Funding Sources for Capital Expenditures, 2012

Exhibit 6-41 Rural Transit Funding Sources for Operating Expenditures, 2012

Exhibit 7-1 Distribution of 2012 Capital Expenditures by Investment Type

Exhibit 7-2 HERS Annual Investment Levels Analyzed for Federal-Aid Highways

Exhibit 7-3 Minimum and Average Benefit-Cost Ratios (BCRs) for Different Possible Funding Levels on Federal-Aid Highways

Exhibit 7-4 Projected 2032 Pavement Ride Quality Indicators on Federal-Aid Highways Compared with 2012 for Different Possible Funding Levels

Exhibit 7-5 Projected Changes in 2032 Highway Travel Delay and Speed on Federal-Aid Highways Compared with Base Year for Different Possible Funding Levels

Exhibit 7-6 Projected 2032 Average Total User Costs on Federal-Aid Highways Compared with Base Year for Different Possible Funding Levels

Exhibit 7-7 Projected 2032 Vehicle Operating Costs on Federal-Aid Highways Compared with Base Year for Different Possible Funding Levels

Exhibit 7-8 Projected 2032 User Costs and VMT on Federal-Aid Highways Compared with Base Year for Different Possible Funding Levels

Exhibit 7-9 HERS Investment Levels Analyzed for the National Highway System and Projected Minimum Benefit-Cost Ratios, User Costs, and Vehicle Miles Traveled

Exhibit 7-10 Projected Changes in 2032 Highway Speed, Travel Delay, and Travel Time Costs on the National Highway System Compared with Base Year for Different Possible Funding Levels

Exhibit 7-11 Projected 2032 Pavement Ride Quality Indicators on the National Highway System Compared with 2012 for Different Possible Funding Levels

Exhibit 7-12 HERS Investment Levels Analyzed for the Interstate System and Projected Minimum Benefit-Cost Ratios, User Costs, and Vehicle Miles Traveled

Exhibit 7-13 Projected Changes in 2032 Highway Speed, Travel Delay, and Travel Time Costs on the Interstate System Compared with Base Year for Different Possible Funding Levels

Exhibit 7-14 Projected 2032 Pavement Ride Quality Indicators on the Interstate System Compared with 2012 for Different Possible Funding Levels

Exhibit 7-15 Projected Impact of Alternative Investment Levels on 2032 Bridge Condition Indicators for All Bridges

Exhibit 7-16 Projected Impact of Alternative Investment Levels on 2032 Bridge Condition Indicators for Bridges on Federal-Aid Highways

Exhibit 7-17 Projected Impact of Alternative Investment Levels on 2032 Bridge Condition Indicators for Bridges on the National Highway System

Exhibit 7-18 Projected Impact of Alternative Investment Levels on 2032 Bridge Condition Indicators for Interstate Bridges

Exhibit 7-19 2012 Transit Capital Expenditures

Exhibit 7-20 Impact of Preservation Investment on 2032 Transit State of Good Repair Backlog in All Urbanized and Rural Areas

Exhibit 7-21 Impact of Preservation Investment on 2032 Transit Conditions in All Urbanized and Rural Areas

Exhibit 7-22 New Ridership Supported in 2032 by Expansion Investments in All Urbanized and Rural Areas

Exhibit 7-23 Impact of Preservation Investment on 2032 Transit State of Good Repair Backlog in Urbanized Areas with Population over 1 Million

Exhibit 7-24 Impact of Level of Preservation Investment on 2032 Transit Conditions in Urbanized Areas with Population over 1 Million

Exhibit 7-25 New Ridership Supported in 2032 by Expansion Investments in Urbanized Areas with Population over 1 Million

Exhibit 7-26 Impact of Preservation Investment on 2032 Transit State of Good Repair Backlog in Urbanized Areas with Population under 1 Million and Rural Areas

Exhibit 7-27 Impact of Preservation Investment on 2032 Transit Conditions in Urbanized Areas with Population under 1 Million and Rural Areas

Exhibit 7-28 New Ridership Supported in 2032 by Expansion Investments in Urbanized Areas with Population under 1 Million and Rural Areas

Exhibit 8-1 Capital Investment Scenarios for Highways and Bridges and Derivation of Components

Exhibit 8-2 Summary of Average Annual Investment Levels by Scenario

Exhibit 8-3 Source of Estimates of Highway Investment Scenarios, by Model

Exhibit 8-4 Estimated Highway and Bridge Investment Backlog as of 2012

Exhibit 8-5 Systemwide Highway Capital Investment Scenarios for 2013 Through 2032: Distribution by Capital Improvement Type Compared with Actual 2012 Spending

Exhibit 8-6 Systemwide Highway Capital Investment Scenarios for 2013 Through 2032: Projected Impacts on Selected Highway Performance Measures

Exhibit 8-7 Federal-Aid Highway Capital Investment Scenarios for 2013 Through 2032: Distribution by Capital Improvement Type Compared with Actual 2012 Spending

Exhibit 8-8 Federal-Aid Highway Capital Investment Scenarios for 2013 Through 2032: Projected Impacts on Selected Highway Performance Measures

Exhibit 8-9 Improve Conditions and Performance Scenario for Federal-Aid Highways: Distribution of Average Annual Investment for 2013 Through 2032 Compared with Actual 2012 Spending by Functional Class and Improvement Type

Exhibit 8-10 National Highway System Capital Investment Scenarios for 2013 Through 2032: Distribution by Capital Improvement Type and Projected Impacts on Selected Highway Performance Measures

Exhibit 8-11 Interstate System Capital Investment Scenarios for 2013 Through 2032: Distribution by Capital Improvement Type and Projected Impacts on Selected Highway Performance Measures

Exhibit 8-12 Capital Investment Scenarios for Transit

Exhibit 8-13 Annual Average Cost by Investment Scenario, 2013 through 2032

Exhibit 8-14 Annual Transit Capital Expenditures, 2004—2012

Exhibit 8-15 Sustain 2012 Spending Scenario: Average Annual Investment by Asset Type, 2013 through 2032

Exhibit 8-16 Sustain 2012 Spending Scenario: Over-Age Forecast by Asset Category, 2012—2032

Exhibit 8-17 Investment Backlog: Sustain 2012 Spending ($10 Billion Annually)

Exhibit 8-18 Sustain 2012 Spending Scenario: Capacity Utilization by Mode Forecast, 2012—2032

Exhibit 8-19 Projected vs. Currently Supported Ridership Growth

Exhibit 8-20 SGR Benchmark: Average Annual Investment by Asset Type, 2013 through 2032

Exhibit 8-21 Investment Backlog: State of Good Repair Benchmark ($16.6 Billion Annually)

Exhibit 8-22 Proportion of Transit Assets Not in State of Good Repair (Excluding Tunnel Structures)

Exhibit 8-23 Low-Growth and High-Growth Scenarios: Average Annual Investment by Asset Type, 2013 through 2032

Exhibit 8-24 Scenario Investment Benefits Scorecard

Exhibit 9-1 Selected Highway Investment Scenario Projections Compared with Comparable Data from the 2013 C&P Report

Exhibit 9-2 Comparison of Average Annual Highway and Bridge Investment Scenario Estimates with Base-Year Spending, 1997 to 2015 C&P Reports

Exhibit 9-3 Annual Projected Highway VMT Based on HPMS-Derived Forecasts or FHWA VMT Forecast Model

Exhibit 9-4 State-Provided Long-Term VMT Forecasts Compared with Actual VMT, 1965—2032

Exhibit 9-5 Impact of Investment Timing on HERS Results Reflected in the Improve Conditions and Performance Scenario-Effects on Pavement Roughness and Delay per VMT

Exhibit 9-6 Impact of Investment Timing on NBIAS Results Reflected in the Improve Conditions and Performance Scenario-Effects on Structurally Deficient Bridges and Economic Bridge Investment Backlog

Exhibit 9-7 Illustration of Potential Impact of Alternative Inflation Rates on Selected Systemwide Investment Scenarios

Exhibit 9-8 Asset Condition Forecast for All Existing and Expansion Transit Assets

Exhibit 9-9 Sustain 2012 Spending Scenario: Asset percent of Useful Life Consumed

Exhibit 9-10 SGR Benchmark: Asset percent of Useful Life Consumed

Exhibit 9-11 Low-Growth Scenario: Asset percent of Useful Life Consumed

Exhibit 9-12 High-Growth Scenario: Asset percent of Useful Life Consumed

Exhibit 9-13 Asset Condition Forecast for All Existing and Expansion Transit Assets

Exhibit 9-14 Prior and Revised Passenger Miles Traveled (PMT) Projection Methodology

Exhibit 9-15 Passenger Miles Traveled: 15-Year Compound Annual Growth Rate by Mode, 1997-2012

Exhibit 9-16 Hybrid and Alternative Fuel Vehicles: Share of Total Bus Fleet, 2000—2030

Exhibit 9-17 Impact of Shift to Vehicles Using Hybrid and Alternative Fuels on Investment Needs: Low-Growth Scenario

Exhibit 9-18 Impact of Shift from Diesel to Alternative Fuels and Hybrid Vehicles on Average Annual Investment Needs ($B)

Exhibit 9-19 Impact of Shift to Vehicles Using Hybrid and Alternative Fuels on Backlog Estimate: Sustain 2012 Spending Scenario

Exhibit 9-20 Projection of Fleet Size by Scenario

Exhibit 9-21 Projection of Guideway Route Miles by Scenario

Exhibit 9-22 Projection of Stations by Scenario

Exhibit 9-23 Stock of Fixed Guideway Miles by Year Under Low-Growth Scenario, 2012—2032

Exhibit 10-1 Impact of Alternative Value of Time Assumptions on Highway Investment Scenario Average Annual Investment Levels

Exhibit 10-2 Impact of Alternative Assumptions About Growth in the Real Value of Time on Highway Investment Scenario Average Annual Investment Levels

Exhibit 10-3 Impact of Alternative Value of Life Assumptions on Highway Investment Scenario Average Annual Investment Levels

Exhibit 10-4 Impact of Alternative Discount Rate Assumption on Highway Investment Scenario Average Annual Investment Levels

Exhibit 10-5 Impact of an Increase in Capital Costs on Highway Investment Scenario Average Annual Investment Levels

Exhibit 10-6 Impact of Alternative Future Fuel Price Assumption on Highway Investment Scenario Average Annual Investment Levels

Exhibit 10-7 Projected Average percent Growth per Year in Vehicle Miles Traveled by Vehicle Class, 2013—2032

Exhibit 10-8 Impact of Alternative Travel Growth Forecasts on Highway Investment Scenario Average Annual Investment Levels

Exhibit 10-9 Impact of Alternative Operations Strategies Deployment Rate Assumptions on Selected Performance Indicators and Highway Investment Scenarios

Exhibit 10-10 Impact of Alternative Replacement Condition Thresholds on Transit Preservation Investment Needs by Scenario (Excludes Expansion Impacts)

Exhibit 10-11 Impact of Increase in Capital Costs on Transit Investment Estimates by Scenario

Exhibit 10-12 Impact of Alternative Value of Time Rates on Transit Investment Estimates by Scenario

Exhibit 10-13 Impact of Alternative Discount Rates on Transit Investment Estimates by Scenario

Exhibit 11-1 Bicycle and Pedestrian Travel Trends as Percentage of All Trips, 1994 and 2009

Exhibit 11-2 Commuting Trends as percent Increase, 2005—2013

Exhibit 11-3 Bicycle and Pedestrian Commuter Mode Share in States and Large Cities, 2009—2011

Exhibit 11-4 Pedestrian and Bicycle Mode Share Trends, Outcome Benchmark Changes, 2005—2012

Exhibit 11-5 Federal Obligations for Bicycle and Pedestrian Projects, 1992—2015

Exhibit 12-1 Major Federal Lands

Exhibit 12-2 Types of Lands Managed by Federal Land Management Agencies

Exhibit 12-3 Summary of Annual Recreation Use and Visits

Exhibit 12-4 Federal Land Use

Exhibit 12-5 Roads Serving Federal Lands

Exhibit 12-6 Forest Service Pavement Conditions (Passenger Car Roads Only)

Exhibit 12-7 National Park Service Pavement Conditions (Paved Roads Only)

Exhibit 12-8 Fish and Wildlife Service Pavement Condition

Exhibit 12-9 Bureau of Land Management Pavement Conditions (Paved Roads Only)

Exhibit 12-10 Bureau of Reclamation Pavement Conditions (Paved Roads Only)

Exhibit 12-11 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Pavement Conditions

Exhibit 12-12 Federal Lands Highway Program Annual Authorizations, 1983—2012

Exhibit 12-13 Federal Lands and Tribal Transportation Program Authorizations, 2013—2014

Exhibit 12-14 Alternative Transportation Systems in National Parks, Percentages by Mode

Exhibit 12-15 Deferred Maintenance Backlog

Exhibit A-1 Typical Costs per Lane Mile Assumed in HERS by Type of Improvement

Exhibit A-2 HERS Pavement Performance Equations Input Data by Type and Source

Exhibit A-3 Average Hourly Value of Vehicle Occupants' Travel Time by User Category, Vehicle Class, and Travel Purpose (Values in Constant 2012 Dollars)

Exhibit A-4 Average Vehicle Occupancy (Persons) by User Category, Vehicle Class, and Travel Purpose

Exhibit A-5 Shares of Business and Personal Vehicle Use by User Category, Vehicle Class, and Travel Purpose

Exhibit A-6 Hourly Capital Costs by HERS Vehicle Type

Exhibit A-7 Estimated 2012 Values of Travel Time by Vehicle Type

Exhibit A-8 Types of Operations Strategies Included in Each Scenario

Exhibit A-9 Impacts of Operations Strategies in HERS

Exhibit C-1 Definitions of Transit Asset Conditions

Exhibit C-2 Scale for Determining Asset Condition Over Time, From Acquisition to Replacement

Exhibit C-3 Distribution of Asset Physical Condition by Asset Type for All Modes

Exhibit C-4 Weighted Average by Asset Category, 2010—2029

Exhibit C-5 Assets in Marginal or Poor Condition, 2010—2029

Exhibit C-6 TERM Asset Decay Curve for 40-Foot Buses

Conditions and Performance

Highlights

Executive Summary

Chapter 1

Chapter 2

Chapter 3

Chapter 4

Chapter 5

Chapter 6

Chapter 7

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Chapter 10

Chapter 11

Chapter 12

Main Report